| 词条 | Andrea Prader |
| 释义 |
|name = Andrea Prader |image = |image_size = |alt = |caption = |birth_name = |birth_date = {{Birth date|1919|12|23}} |birth_place = Samedan, Grisons |death_date = {{Death date and age|2001|06|03|1919|12|23}} |death_place = Zurich |body_discovered = |death_cause = |resting_place = |resting_place_coordinates = |residence = |nationality = Swiss |ethnicity = |citizenship = |other_names = |known_for = Prader-Willi syndrome; Andrea Prader Prize of European Society of Pediatric Endocrinologists |education = |alma_mater = University of Zurich |employer = Children's Hospital Zurich (Kinderspital, Zürich) |occupation = pediatric endocrinologist |years_active = 1944–1986 |home_town = Zurich |title = |term = |predecessor = |successor = |party = |opponents = |boards = |religion = |spouse = |partner = |children = |parents = |relations = |callsign = |awards = |signature = |signature_alt = |website = |footnotes = |box_width = }} Andrea Prader (December 23, 1919 – June 3, 2001) was a Swiss scientist, physician, and pediatric endocrinologist. He co-discovered the Prader-Willi syndrome and created two physiological sex development scales, the Prader scale and the Orchidometer. BiographyAndrea Prader was born in Samedan, Grisons, Switzerland but lived in Zurich most of his life. He attended medical school at the University of Zurich. During his residency between 1944 and 1946, he worked under G. Toendury in the Department of Anatomy in Zurich, and then in 1947 in the Department of outpatient Medicine in Lausanne under A. Vannotti. In 1947 he became assistant physician at the Children's Hospital in Zürich. In 1950 was the beginning of his career as pediatric endocrinologist. His advanced research brought him to the U.S. in the early 1950s; Prader specialized at the Bellevue Hospital, New York City under the guidance of L.E. Holt, Jr, son of Luther Emmett Holt. His lasting interests in endocrinology was attributed to his contacts with Lawson Wilkins.[1] Prader received his doctorate in 1957. In 1962 he became professor at the Medical faculty at the Zurich University. In 1965 the long term department chief Guido Fanconi retired and Prader succeeded him as professor and chairman of the Department of Pediatrics at the University of Zürich. He also took over the post of Director of the Children’s hospital (Kinderspital) and remained in these posts until 1986.[2] StudiesAndrea Prader's fundamental studies were in pediatric endocrinology, however in his earlier works there are other topics in the field of pediatrics. Here are some of his works and collaborations listed in chronological order:
Prader has been involved in the discovery or description of:
International acclaimBetween 1972 and 1974 he was member of honor and president of the Swiss Pediatric Society (Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Pädiatrie); he also held honorary memberships in the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (1968).[11] He was Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, London, received the Medal of the University of Helsinki, the Medal of the University of Turku, the Otto Naegeli Award, the Berthold medal of the German Society of Endocrinology, and was Doctor Honoris Causa of the Tokushima University, Japan. In 1962 and 1971 he was president of the European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology. The Andrea Prader PrizeThe Andrea Prader Prize is an annual Leadership Award, established in 1987 and given to a member of the European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology in recognition of their achievements in the field of pediatric endocrinology. At the establishment of the prize funds were provided by the Pharmacia & Upjohn, Stockholm. Currently the award is funded by Pfizer, USA.[12] External links
References1. ^{{cite book | last1 = Beighton | first1 = Peter | last2 = Beighton | first2 = Gretha | title = The Man Behind the Syndrome | publisher = Springer Verlag | year = 1986 | location = Berlin | isbn = 978-0-387-16218-8 }} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Prader, Andrea}}2. ^{{cite journal | title = Andrea Prader: on the occasion of his 65th birthday | journal = European Journal of Pediatrics | year = 1984 | first = HR | last = Wiedemann | volume = 148 | issue = 2 | pages = 80–1| url = | format = | accessdate = | quote = | doi=10.1007/BF00445789}} 3. ^{{cite journal | title = Die Angiokardiographie bei angeborenen Herzfehlern. | journal = Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift | year = 1948 | first = Ettore | last = Rossi |author2=A. Prader | volume = 78 | pages = 1054–64| id = }} 4. ^A. Prader, H. P. Gurtner:Das Syndrom des Pseudohermaphroditismus masculinus bei kongenitaler Nebennierenrindenhyperplasie ohne Androgenüberproduktion (adrenaler Pseudohermaphroditismus musculinus). Helvetica paediatrica acta, Basel, 1955, 10: 397–412.} 5. ^Guido Fanconi(pediatrician), Andrea Prader(pediatric endocrinologist), Werner Isler (pediatrician), Fritz Lüthy (neurologist), and Rudolf Siebenmann (pathologist). 6. ^{{cite journal | title = Bronzekrankheit und sklerosierende Encephalomyelitis (diffuse Sklerose) | journal = Archiv für Psychiatrie | year = 1923 | first = E | last = Siemerling |author2=H. G. Creutzfeldt | volume = 68 | pages = 217–44| id = | accessdate = 2011-05-13}} 7. ^{{cite journal | title = Anaemia. Disease of the supra-renal capsules. | journal = London Hospital Gazette | year = 1849 | first = T | last = Addison | volume = 43 | pages = 517–8| id = | accessdate = 2011-05-13}} 8. ^{{cite journal | title = Zur Kenntnis der sogenannten diffusen Sklerose (über Encephalitis periaxialis diffusa) | journal = Zeitschrift für Neurologie, Berlin | year = 1912 | first = PF | last = Schilder | volume = 10 | issue = 1| id = }} 9. ^{{cite journal | title = Klinische, pathologisch-anatomische und erbbiologische Untersuchungen bei familiärer, diffuser Hirnsklerose im Kindesalter (Ein Beitrag zur Lehre von den Heredodegenerationen). | journal = Zeitschrift für Neurologie, Berlin | year = 1925 | first = W. | last = Scholz | volume = 99 | pages = 651–717| id = }} 10. ^{{cite journal | title = Morbus Addison mit Hirnsklerosse im Kindesalter. Ein hereditäres Syndrom mit X-chromosomaler Vererbung? | journal = Helvetica paediatrica acta | year = 1963 | first = G | last = Fanconi |author2=A. Prader |author3=W. Isler |author4=F. Lüthy |author5=R. Siebenmann | volume = 18 | pages = 480–501| id = | accessdate = 2011-05-13}} 11. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.leopoldina.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Verstorbene_Mitglieder_Internet.pdf |title=List of all members of Leopoldina, since the foundation of the Academy in 1652; Andrea Prader's name was found on page 105 of the pdf file. site visited on 12 May 2011 |access-date=2011-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110519231814/http://www.leopoldina.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Verstorbene_Mitglieder_Internet.pdf |archive-date=2011-05-19 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 12. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20060216062544/http://www.eurospe.org/awards/awards_andreaprader.html] 5 : 1919 births|2001 deaths|People from Maloja District|People associated with the University of Zurich|Swiss pediatric endocrinologists |
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