“Andrew D. Martin”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Andrew D. Martin (born July 25, 1972) is the current chancellor-elect of Washington University in St. Louis and will assume the role of chancellor effective June 1, 2019.

Previously, Martin served as dean of the University of Michigan College of Literature, Science, and the Arts and as a Professor of Political Science and Statistics at the University of Michigan.^[1] Prior to that, he held an appointment as Professor of Law,^[2] and Professor of Political Science^[3] at Washington University in St. Louis. He also serves as the founding director for the Center for Empirical Research in the Law. ^[4] From 2007 to 2011, he served as Chair of Political Science Department at Washington University in St. Louis.^[5] Martin holds an A.B. in Mathematics and Government from The College of William and Mary and a PhD in Political Science from Washington University in St. Louis. Prior to his appointment to the faculty at Washington University, Martin served as an assistant professor in the Department of Political Science at State University of New York at Stony Brook from 1998 to 2000.^[6]

Center for Empirical Research in the Law

Martin is the founding director of Washington University’s Center for Empirical Research in the Law^[4] (“CERL”). CERL was founded in 2006 under Dean Kent D. Syverud as a research unit within Washington University’s School of Law.^[7]^[8] CERL provides empirical legal research methods support and training to law faculty and scholars at Washington University, and serves as a point of connection to scholars and faculty at many other universities.^[7] At CERL, Martin has guided the technical efforts of several large-scale, nationally regarded data initiatives. CERL’s prominent projects and collaborations include The Discography^[9] (conceived by WUSTL Law alum Loren Wells), The Judicial Elections Data Initiative,^[10] and the NSF-sponsored Supreme Court Database^[11] (see below).

Scholarship

Spanning judicial politics, quantitative political methodology, and empirical legal studies, Martin’s academic work has been published in a variety of different outlets, including the American Political Science Review, American Journal of Political Science, Columbia Law Review, University of Pennsylvania Law Review and Northwestern University Law Review. Martin is the recipient of six grants from the National Science Foundation; his research has also been funded by the American Bar Association, the MacArthur Foundation, and the National Institutes of Health.

Martin has also made major contributions to statistical computing in the form of software. His most prominent contribution, with Kevin Quinn and Jong Hee Park, is the [R] package MCMCpack “which contains functions for Bayesian posterior simulation using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods for a number of statistical models”.^[6]^[12]

Martin-Quinn scores

One of Martin's most notable scholarly contributions is the Martin-Quinn scores.^[13]^[14] In this effort he and collaborator Kevin Quinn sought to programmatically identify the ideologies of U.S. Supreme Court justices.^[15]

Supreme Court database

The Supreme Court Database is an NSF-funded collaboration among six universities. The project’s inception occurred decades ago as Professor Harold J. Spaeth (Michigan State University) attempted to document and code every vote put forth by a U.S. Supreme Court justice in all argued cases over a five-decade span. Professor Spaeth's work has become an indispensable body of information for those who study supreme court politics. Professor Martin and CERL’s participation involved overseeing the expansion, including developing a comprehensive dataset as well as facilitating a backdating project that classified data from the founding of the court in 1790 through the current term.^[16]

Awards and recognition

Martin is the recipient of a number of awards including the Washington University Outstanding Faculty Mentor award,^[17] the Pi Sigma Alpha Award (for the best paper delivered at the annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association),^[18] the Harold Gosnell Prize (for the best work on political methodology presented at a political science conference),^[19] and the Mancur Olson award (for the best dissertation in political economy).^[20]

Contributions

Martin was mentioned in Ian Ayres’ 2007 book Super Crunchers, where Martin and Quinn created a statistical forecasting model of voting by United States Supreme Court justices which produced superior predictions of votes to predictions by legal experts.^[21]

Biography

Martin was born in Lafayette, Indiana. He currently lives in St. Louis, Missouri with his wife and their young daughter.

References

1. ^{{cite news|author1=Rick Fitzgerald|title=Political scientist selected as next LSA dean|url=http://record.umich.edu/articles/provost-pollack-recommends-political-scientist-lsa-dean|accessdate=25 September 2014|publisher=The University Record|date=17 April 2014}}
2. ^[https://law.wustl.edu/faculty-staff-directory/profile/andrew-d-martin/ WULS: Faculty Profiles]. Law.wustl.edu. Retrieved on January 29, 2019.
3. ^Andrew Martin | Department of Political Science Retrieved on January31, 2019.
4. ^¹Center for Empirical Research in the Law : Home : Introduction. Cerl.wustl.edu. Retrieved on November 12, 2011.
5. ^Department of Political Science. Polisci.wustl.edu. Retrieved on November 12, 2011.
6. ^¹[https://cpb-us-w2.wpmucdn.com/sites.wustl.edu/dist/4/1744/files/2018/11/admcvNew-23w3s1h.pdf Andrew D Martin : Curriculum Vitae]. Retrieved on January, 29 2019.
7. ^¹Center for Empirical Research in the Law : Home : About the Center. Cerl.wustl.edu (July 1, 2006). Retrieved on November 12, 2011.
8. ^Washington University in St. Louis | Law School. Law.wustl.edu. Retrieved on November 12, 2011.
9. ^The Discography. The Discography. Retrieved on November 12, 2011.
10. ^The Judicial Elections Data Initiative. Jedi.wustl.edu. Retrieved on November 12, 2011.
11. ^The Supreme Court Database. Scdb.wustl.edu (August 30, 2011). Retrieved on November 12, 2011.
12. ^MCMCpack. Mcmcpack.wustl.edu. Retrieved on November 12, 2011.
13. ^Martin, Andrew D. and Kevin M. Quinn. 2002. “Dynamic Ideal Point Estimation via Markov Chain Monte Carlo for the U.S. Supreme Court, 1953–1999,” 10 Political Analysis 134–153
14. ^Martin-Quinn Scores : Description. Mqscores.wustl.edu. Retrieved on November 12, 2011.
15. ^{{cite news|author1=Jim Naureckas |title=Scalia’s Lurch to the Left–and Other New York Times Pipe Dreams |url=http://fair.org/home/scalias-lurch-to-the-left-and-other-new-york-times-pipe-dreams/ |accessdate=18 July 2016 |publisher=Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting |date=28 June 2016 }}
16. ^The Supreme Court Database. Scdb.wustl.edu. Retrieved on November 12, 2011.
17. ^And the 2010–2011 Outstanding Faculty Mentors are | graduate student senate {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110817133023/http://gss.wustl.edu/ofma20102011 |date=August 17, 2011 }}. Gss.wustl.edu (April 14, 2011). Retrieved on November 12, 2011.
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://mpsanet.org/~mpsa/Awards/awardees.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2011-05-22 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080619053111/http://www.mpsanet.org/~mpsa/Awards/awardees.html |archivedate=June 19, 2008 |df=mdy }}
19. ^The Society for Political Methodology – About {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100620000000/http://polmeth.wustl.edu/about.php?page=awards |date=June 20, 2010 }}. Polmeth.wustl.edu. Retrieved on November 12, 2011.
20. ^Awards, PE Section, APSA. Apsanet.org. Retrieved on November 12, 2011.
21. ^Ruger, Theodore R., Pauline T. Kim, Andrew D. Martin and Kevin M. Quinn, 2004. “The Supreme Court Forecasting Project: Legal and Political Science Approaches to Predicting Supreme Court Decisionmaking,” 104 Columbia Law Review 1150–1210.