| 词条 | Osmanthus |
| 释义 |
|image = Osmanthus heterophyllus1.jpg |image_caption = Osmanthus heterophyllus in flower |display_parents = 2 |taxon = Osmanthus |authority = Lour. |synonyms_ref = [1][1] |synonyms = *Siphonosmanthus Stapf }}Osmanthus {{IPAc-en|ɒ|z|ˈ|m|æ|n|θ|ə|s}}[2] is a genus of about 30 species of flowering plants in the family Oleaceae. Most of the species are native to eastern Asia (China, Japan, Korea, Indochina, the Himalayas, etc.) with a few species from the Caucasus, New Caledonia and Sumatra.[3][5]Osmanthus range in size from shrubs to small trees, {{convert|2|-|12|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} tall. The leaves are opposite, evergreen, and simple, with an entire, serrated or coarsely toothed margin. The flowers are produced in spring, summer or autumn, each flower being about 1 cm long, white, with a four-lobed tubular-based corolla ('petals'). The flowers grow in small panicles, and in several species have a strong fragrance. The fruit is a small (10–15 mm), hard-skinned dark blue to purple drupe containing a single seed.[4] SpeciesSpecies accepted:[3][4]
Species transferred to Cartrema:[5][6]
CultivationOsmanthus are popular shrubs in parks and gardens throughout the warm temperate zone. Several hybrids and cultivars have been developed. Osmanthus flower on old wood and produce more flowers if unpruned. A pruned shrub often produces few or no flowers for one to five or more years, before the new growth matures sufficiently to start flowering. In Japan, sweet osmanthus (gin-mokusei) is a favorite garden shrub. Its small white flowers appear in short-stalked clusters in late autumn. It has an intense sweet fragrance. A variant with deep golden flowers (kin-mokusei) is also popular. Uses{{main|Osmanthus fragrans}}The flowers of O. fragrans are used throughout East Asia for their scent and flavour, which is likened to apricot and peach. In China, osmanthus tea ({{lang|zh|{{linktext|桂花茶}}}}, guìhuāchá) combines sweet osmanthus flowers with black or green tea leaves. Traditional Chinese medicine claims that osmanthus tea improves complexion and helps rid the body of excess nitric oxide, a compound linked to the formation of cancer, diabetes, and renal disease.[7] Sweet osmanthus and osmanthus tea are particularly associated with the city of Guilin (桂林, literally "Forest of Sweet Osmanthus"). Osmanthus wine flavours huangjiu or other rice wines with full osmanthus blossoms and is traditionally consumed during the Mid-Autumn Festival. References1. ^Nesom, G.L. 2012. Synopsis of American Cartrema (Oleaceae). Phytoneuron 2012-96: 1–11. 2. ^Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607 3. ^1 2 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 4. ^1 2 Flora of China, v 15 p 286, 木犀属 mu xi shu, Osmanthus Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 1: 28. 1790. 5. ^Nesom, G.L. 2012. Synopsis of American Cartrema (Oleaceae). Phytoneuron 2012-96: 1–11. 6. ^José Ignacio De Juana Clavero, Cambios nomenclaturales en la sección Leiolea (Spach) P. S. Green, del género Osmanthus Lour. (Oleaceae), Bouteloua 22: 28-39 (XI-2015) 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.livestrong.com/article/275855-what-are-the-health-benefits-of-osmanthus-tea?|author=Jonathan Thompson|title=What are the health benefits of drinking Osmanthus tea?}} External links{{commons category|Osmanthus}}
2 : Osmanthus|Oleaceae genera |
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