| 词条 | Anna Kristina (ship) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
Anna Kristina is a Norwegian-flagged, galeas-rigged Hardangerjakt. Originally named Dyrafjeld, the sloop-rigged vessel was built on a Norwegian farm in 1889. The ship's early career was as a cargo ship in the Hardanger region, with occasional voyages as far afield as Russia. She was sold to new owners and rerigged as a galeas in the late 1920s. The sails were removed during World War II, but continued in merchant service until the mid-1970s. After a series of accidents, the vessel was laid up, then sold to new owners, who restored the vessel and renamed her Anna Kristina. Charter work occurred throughout the 1980s, including involvement in the First Fleet Re-enactment Voyage. Design and constructionThe vessel was a Hardangerjakt built on a farm in Stangvik, Norway, during 1889, based on a Det Norske Veritas plan.[1] The hull was {{convert|32.9|m}} long, with a beam of {{convert|6.4|m}} and a draught of {{convert|2.6|m}}.[2] She was sloop-rigged, with a square topsail.[1] Operational historyThe vessel was originally named Dyrafjeld.[1] Most of her early operations were cargo runs: dried cod from the Hardanger region to Bergen, then returning with general cargo.[1] On occasion, the vessel would haul timber from Riga, Russia.[1] Dyrafjeld was sail powered until 1900, when a 12-horsepower engine was installed.[1] In the late 1920s, Dyrafjeld was sold to new owners, who rerigged the vessel as a galeas.[1] At the start of World War II, the vessel's rigging was removed, and her engine upgraded.[1] The ship continued in the cargo trade, but capsized in 1975 when a cargo of timber shifted.[1] She was recovered, but damaged again in 1986 in a collision.[1] The vessel was laid up until 1977, when she was sold to new owners, who restored her as a galeas-rigged Hardangerjakt.[1] In this configuration, she had a mast height of {{convert|24.7|m}}, and a total sail area of {{convert|400|m2}}.[2] The restoration work was completed in 1981, with the vessel renamed Anna Kristina.[1] The vessel sailed on numerous charters, including film work and a two-year deployment to Spitzbergen.[1] In 1987, Anna Kristina joined the First Fleet Re-enactment Voyage: a historical re-enactment for the Australian Bicentenary.[1] Prior to the voyage, she was refurbished with a {{convert|235|hp}} Volvo engine capable of reaching {{convert|6|kn}}, along with increased crew capacity.[3] She left England for Australia in May 1987, and sailed with the fleet to Tenerife and Rio de Janeiro.[18] While crossing the Atlantic, at 01:20 on 22 August, First Mate Henrik Nielsen fell overboard while trying to adjust a sail.[4] Tradewind, R. Tucker Thompson, and Søren Larsen converged on Anna Kristina and began searching: first in the immediate area by searchlight, then commencing a grid pattern at dawn.[4] The search was called off at 18:35 with no success.[4] The fleet continued on to Cape Town, Mauritius, and Fremantle before arriving in Sydney on Australia Day (26 January) 1988.[5] Citations1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Clarke & Iggulden, Sailing Home, p. vii 2. ^1 Clarke & Iggulden, Sailing Home, p. 6 3. ^Clarke & Iggulden, Sailing Home, pp. vii, 6 4. ^1 2 Clarke & Iggulden, Sailing Home, p. vi 5. ^1 King, The First Fleet. p. 89-90 References
External links
4 : 1889 ships|Ships built in Norway|Tall ships of Norway|World War II merchant ships of Norway |
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