| 词条 | Otto von Böhtlingk |
| 释义 |
Otto von Böhtlingk (30 May 1815 – 1 April 1904) was a German Indologist and Sanskrit scholar. His magnum opus was a Sanskrit dictionary. BiographyHe was born in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Having studied (1833–1835) Oriental languages, particularly Arabic, Persian and Sanskrit, at the University of Saint Petersburg, he continued his studies in Germany, first in Berlin and then (1839–1842) in Bonn.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}} Returning to Saint Petersburg in 1842, he was attached to the Royal Academy of Sciences, and was elected an ordinary member of that society in 1855. In 1860 he was made Russian state councillor, and later privy councillor with a title of nobility. In 1868 he settled at Jena, and in 1885 moved to Leipzig, where he resided until his death.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}} ScholarshipBöhtlingk was one of the most distinguished scholars of the nineteenth century,{{citation needed|date=March 2018}} and his works are of pre-eminent value in the field of Indian and comparative philology. His first great work was an edition of the Sanskrit grammar of Panini, {{IAST|Aṣṭādhyāyī}}, with a German commentary, under the title Acht Bücher grammatischer Regeln (Bonn, 1839–1840). This was in reality a criticism of Franz Bopp's philological methods.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}} This work was followed by:{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}
His magnum opus was his great Sanskrit-German dictionary, Sanskrit-Wörterbuch (7 vols., Saint Petersburg, 1853–1875; shortened ed. (without citations) 7 vols, Saint Petersburg, 1879–1889), which with the assistance of his two friends, Rudolf Roth (d. 1895) and Albrecht Weber (b. 1825), was completed in 23 years.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}} He also published several smaller treatises, notably one on Vedic accent, Über den Accent im Sanskrit (1843).{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}} Also notable are his Sanskrit-Chrestomathie (Saint Petersburg, 1845; 2d ed., 1877–97), and an edition with translation of a treatise on Hindu poetics by Daṇḍin, Kāvyādarsa (Leipzig, 1890).[1] Böhtlingk took up Panini's grammar again, 47 years after his first edition, when he republished it with a complete translation under the title Panini's Grammatik mit Übersetzung (Leipzig, 1887).{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}} Bibliography
Notes1. ^{{Cite NIE|wstitle=Böhtlingk, Otto von|year=1905}} References
Further reading
External links{{Nuttall poster|title=Böhtlingk, Otto}}
17 : 1815 births|1904 deaths|19th-century Russian people|19th-century German writers|Imperial Russian emigrants to Germany|German Indologists|German philologists|Grammarians from Germany|Imperial Russian philologists|Honorary Members of the St Petersburg Academy of Sciences|Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)|German untitled nobility|History of linguistics|Saint Peter's School alumni|German male non-fiction writers|19th-century male writers|German Sanskrit scholars |
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