“Arab New Zealanders”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Arab New Zealanders refers to people from Arab countries, particularly Lebanon, Syria, the Palestinian Territories, Iraq, and Jordan and also small groups from Egypt, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Libya, Yemen and Sudan,{{cn|date=August 2016}} who emigrated from their native nations and currently reside in New Zealand. The term also refers to descendants of diasporic Arabians such as descendants of Arab merchants to Asian nations, whose ancestral origins may be traced to merchants hailing from the Southern Arabian nations such as Yemen and Oman and the Arab nations of the Persian gulf region. Most Arab New Zealanders are of Lebanese and Iraqi descent because they were the first Arabs to arrive in New Zealand.{{Syn|date=August 2016}} Therefore, an Arab New Zealander is a New Zealander of Arab cultural and linguistic heritage or identity whose ancestry traces back to any of various waves of immigrants originating from one or more of the twenty-three countries comprised by the Arab world.

History

People from the Arab Middle East have been migrating in numbers to New Zealand since the 1900s beginning with those from Lebanon.^[1] In 1936 there were 1,261 people of Lebanese origin in New Zealand; it has been estimated that in the early 1980s the descendants of Lebanese totalled 5,000. Many assimilated and moved to other parts of the country.^[1] In the 1890s there was a move to introduce legislation that would stop Lebanese migration and ban those already resident from peddling goods. This proved successful and few migrants arrived from Lebanon as a result.

Today

Recently Iraqis in New Zealand have replaced Lebanese, of which there are approximately 1,000^[2] as the most common Arab Middle Eastern migrant group with more than 6,500 settling mostly in the main centres.^[3]{{Failed verification|date=August 2016}} Statistics show that nearly 15,000 Middle Eastern immigrants (including those of Persian origin) moved to New Zealand since 1997.^[3]{{Failed verification|date=August 2016}} However, New Zealanders with an ethnic Arab Middle Eastern background are likely to be greater in number, since many migrants have had children in New Zealand. Many of these migrants have entered under the humanitarian category when seeking residence in New Zealand.

Religion

The Lebanese brought with them different Christian and Muslim faiths. The three main Christian followings are Maronites, Eastern Orthodox and Melkites (Greek Catholics).^[4] The three main Muslim followings are Shia, Sunni and Druze. Many of the other Arab Middle Eastern people however follow mainly Islam, and it is thought that more than half of all migrants from the Arab Middle East are Muslim.

Notable people

See also

References

1. ^¹{{cite encyclopedia|first1=James|last1=Veitch|author2=Dalia Tinawi|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/middle-eastern-peoples/page-2|title=Middle Eastern peoples - Assimilation and recent arrivals|encyclopedia=Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand|publisher=teara.govt.nz|date=13 July 2012|accessdate=1 August 2016}}
2. ^¹{{cite web|url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/13017/NZ|title=Arab, Lebanese in New Zealand|work=Joshua Project|date=2016|accessdate=1 August 2016}}
3. ^¹²{{cite web|format=PDF |url=http://www.immigration.govt.nz/NR/rdonlyres/4441CE54-1F96-4C87-B9E3-524BEE486050/0/R1ResidenceDecisionsbyFY06Apr2010.pdf |title=Residence Decisions by Financial Year |work=Immigration New Zealand |date=5 June 2012 |accessdate=18 November 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228231251/http://www.immigration.govt.nz/NR/rdonlyres/4441CE54-1F96-4C87-B9E3-524BEE486050/0/R1ResidenceDecisionsbyFY06Apr2010.pdf |archivedate=28 December 2013 }}
4. ^{{cite encyclopedia|first1=James|last1=Veitch|author2=Dalia Tinawi|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/middle-eastern-peoples/3|title=Middle Eastern peoples - Christian religions|encyclopedia=Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand|publisher=teara.govt.nz|date=13 July 2012|accessdate=1 August 2016}}