“Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Region of Sudan”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Region of Sudan (Arabic: حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي - وطن في السودان Hizb Al-Ba'ath Al-Arabi Al-Ishtiraki - Watan fi Al-Sudan), previously known as the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Country of Sudan, is a political party in Sudan. The party is the Sudanese regional branch of the Iraqi-led Ba'ath Party in Sudan. While the branch has always been small, accounting for an estimated 1,000 members in 2003, it has been able to have a bigger impact than what its meager membership numbers would suggest, mostly due to Iraqi financing of the branch.^[1]

After collaborating with the Arab nationalist Sudanese government for years, the Ba'ath Party broke off relations and became an opposition party in 1990; this would have disturbed Iraq if Sudan had not supported it during the 1991 Gulf crisis.^[2] In 1990, the party was composed largely of students who had studied in Ba'athist Iraq.^[3] The party, which was small in 1990, was influential in certain sectors, and was opposed to the National Islamic Front and was staunchly secularist.^[3] Members have historically been torn between the Ba'ath and other secular party movements, such as the Sudanese Communist Party.^[3] Because of Saddam Hussein's amicable relationship with the Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation, the body ruling Sudan, the Ba'ath branch was oppressed by the authorities.^[3] Later in 1990, 26 Ba'athi military officers were executed in Khartoum after a failed military coup.^[1] In 2002, a group led by Mohamad Ali Jadein broke away from the branch and established the independent Sudanese Ba'ath Party, which has no affiliation with either the Iraqi or the Syrian-led Ba'ath Party.^[4] The following year, after the 2003 invasion of Iraq, 80 Sudanese Ba'athists were allowed to return to Sudan under the condition that they would stay out of politics.^[1]

Leaders

References

1. ^¹²{{cite web|url=https://wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/03KHARTOUM374_a.html|title=Return Of Sudanese Ba'athists|publisher=WikiLeaks|date=30 April 2003|accessdate=11 July 2013}}
2. ^{{cite book|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=L-mBF9tAeGQC&pg=PA210 210]|title=Darfur and the International Community: The Challenges of Conflict Resolution in Sudan|publisher=I.B.Tauris|author=Barltrop, Richard|isbn=978-1-84511-977-5|year=2010}}
3. ^¹²³⁴{{cite web|url=https://wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/90KHARTOUM3477_a.html|title=Sudan And The Arabs: Possibly Step-sisters; Certainly Not Brothers|publisher=WikiLeaks|date=1 April 1990|accessdate=11 July 2013}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sudanvisiondaily.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1100 |title=Wide Reactions to Jadein Group Statement by Baathists |work=Sudan Vision Daily |accessdate=26 February 2012 |date=April 10, 2003 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20120910211721/http://www.sudanvisiondaily.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1100 |archivedate=10 September 2012 |df= }}
5. ^{{cite book|author=Lain, Donald Ray|pages=58–60|title=Dictionary of the African Left: Parties, Movements and Groups|publisher=Dartmouth|year=1989|isbn=1-85521-014-2}}