词条 | Oxford Professor of Poetry | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
The Professor of Poetry is an academic appointment at the University of Oxford. The chair was created in 1708 by an endowment from the estate of Henry Birkhead.[1] The professorship carries an obligation to lecture, but is in effect a part-time position, requiring only three lectures each year. In addition, every second year (alternating with the University Orator), the professor delivers the Creweian Oration, which offers formal thanks to benefactors of the university. Until 1968 this oration was delivered in Latin. Currently, the professor is appointed to a single five-year term. After individuals are nominated, an election is held in which the members of the university's Convocation are eligible to participate. Convocation consists of members of the faculty (Congregation) both current and retired, and former student members of the university who have been admitted to a degree (other than an honorary degree). In 2010, on-line voting was allowed for the first time.[2] {{As of|2009}}, it carried a stipend of £6,901[3] (£4,695 as of 2005) plus £40 in travel expenses for each Creweian Oration. Since 1708, 45 persons have been elected to the position including many prominent poets and academics. The only woman elected to the post, Ruth Padel, resigned prior to filling the post. Simon Armitage, elected on 19 June 2015, is the current Professor of Poetry.[4] ElectionsThe elections typically attract media attention and involve campaigning by proponents of quite diverse candidates. In the past, both practising poets and academic critics have been chosen. 2009 ElectionOn 16 May 2009, Ruth Padel defeated the Indian poet Arvind Mehrotra to become the first woman elected to the post since its inception in 1708.[5] The Nobel Prize-Winning candidate Derek Walcott had withdrawn his candidacy, following what he called a “low and degrading” campaign against him,[6] after The Sunday Times and Cherwell revealed that around 100 Oxford academics had been sent, anonymously, photocopied pages from The Lecherous Professor, a University of Illinois publication on the prevalence of sexual harassment in American universities, describing two such accusations made against Walcott at Harvard University and Boston University.[5][6][9] Walcott's candidacy had been controversial within the university from the beginning, some counselling against on grounds of Walcott's university past, others arguing that his record was immaterial since he would have no contact with students.{{citation needed|reason=none of sentence is in sources|date=September 2015}} Newspapers had previously claimed Walcott was the favourite,[5] although Libby Purves suggested that this claim was based on a misunderstanding of the electoral system.[7] Padel criticised the anonymous missives and denied any knowledge of them, though many in the media continued to insinuate her involvement.[8] After her election, two journalists who had previously requested information from Padel regarding voters' opinions revealed that she had cited to them the source of some people's unease about the suitability for appointment of someone with such a university record.[9][10] Padel stated, 'I wish he had not pulled out'[11] and resigned on 25 May only nine days after her election.[12] Letters to British newspapers criticised media handling of the election. An open letter to the Times Literary Supplement,[13] complained of unfair media pursuit of Walcott's past, a letter in The Guardian complained of unjust denigration of Padel, claiming she was "justly held in high regard" for her poetry and teaching,[14][15] and a letter to The Times claimed that "Oxford has missed out for the worst of reasons. 'One can only speculate why so many male voices were loud in condemning Padel but silent with respect to Walcott. I attended a course taught by Ruth Padel: she was inspirational, involved, enthusiastic and interested in her students. Perhaps it was unwise of her to email journalists but if Walcott's past is "irrelevant to his suitability to fill the post of Professor of Poetry", so is Padel's "unwisdom". That Walcott removed the decision from the electorate was his own choice. Padel should not have been made to pay for his decision to confront neither his accusers nor his past."[16] American commentators attributed the series of events to an assumption on the part of academics and writers that a gender war was behind it all,[17] perceiving a "split across the Atlantic - with the Americans, the ones after all working with Walcott over the decades, taking those claims much more seriously"[18][19] Some commentators in Britain supported Padel, attributing the smear campaign in the media to misogyny[7] and networking. "The old boys have closed in on her", the poet Jackie Kay stated.[20][21] On Newsnight Review the poet Simon Armitage and poetry writer Josephine Hart expressed regret about Padel's resignation. "Ruth's a good person", Armitage said. "She dipped a toe in the media whirlpool and it dragged her down. I don't think she should have resigned, she would have been good." The election was for a post beginning the first day of Michaelmas Term 2009 hence Padel did not take up office.[22] In the 2010 election she supported Geoffrey Hill.[23] 2010 Election{{wikinewspar2|Oxford to use online voting for Professor of Poetry election|Oxford elects poetry professor by email vote}}On 7 May 2010, the university, having changed its system of voting to embrace online voters, confirmed that Paula Claire, Geoffrey Hill, Michael Horovitz, Steve Larkin, Chris Mann and seven others had been nominated as candidates for the position.[24] Paula Claire, the only woman standing, announced her withdrawal on 7 June 2010, citing concerns about the fairness of the election which were dismissed by the university authorities.[25] On 18 June, Geoffrey Hill was declared elected.[26][27] He received 1,156 votes; the next highest number, 353, went to Michael Horovitz.[28][29] 2015 electionOn 19 June 2015, Simon Armitage was elected as Geoffrey Hill’s successor.[4] Persons elected to the position (1708–present)
References1. ^{{DNB Cite|wstitle=Birkhead, Henry}} 2. ^{{cite news| url=http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/12/09/oxford-institutes-a-new-election-process-for-its-poetry-post/ | work=The New York Times | title=Oxford Institutes a New Election Process for Its Poetry Post | first=Charles | last=Mcgrath | date=2009-12-09}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ox.ac.uk/media/news_releases_for_journalists/090122.html|title=Oxford launches search for next Professor of Poetry|date=2009-01-22|accessdate=2009-05-27|publisher=Oxford University}} 4. ^1 {{cite web |last=Flood |first=Alison |title= Simon Armitage wins Oxford professor of poetry election |url= https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jun/19/simon-armitage-wins-oxford-professor-of-poetry-election | date=19 June 2015|newspaper= The Guardian |location=London|accessdate=19 June 2015 }} 5. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2009/0516/breaking39.htm|title=Padel becomes Oxford Professor of Poetry|date=2009-05-16|accessdate=2009-05-16|work=The Irish Times}} 6. ^1 {{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/education/education-news/bittersweet-victory-for-ruth-padel-1686273.html|title=Bittersweet victory for Ruth Padel|date=2009-05-17|accessdate=2009-05-17|work=The Independent | location=London}} 7. ^1 {{cite news| url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/columnists/libby_purves/article6307735.ece | location=London | work=The Times | title=A familiar reek of misogyny and mistrust | first=Libby | last=Purves | date=2009-05-18}} 8. ^1 {{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/culturenews/5336559/Ruth-Padels-win-poisoned-by-smear-campaign.html|title=Ruth Padel's win 'poisoned' by smear campaign|date=2009-05-16|accessdate=2009-05-16|work=The Daily Telegraph | location=London | first=David | last=Harrison}} 9. ^{{cite news|url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/books/poetry/article6350589.ece|title=Call for Oxford poet to resign after sex row|date=2009-05-24|accessdate=2009-05-25|work=The Sunday Times | location=London | first=Richard | last=Woods}} 10. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/educationnews/5378474/Ruth-Padel-under-pressure-to-resign-Oxford-post-over-emails-about-rival-poet-Derek-Walcott.html|title=Ruth Padel under pressure to resign Oxford post over emails about rival poet Derek Walcott|date=2009-05-24|accessdate=2009-05-24|work=Daily Telegraph | location=London | first1=Urmee | last1=Khan | first2=Richard | last2=Eden}} 11. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/video/2009/may/26/hay-festival-ruth-padel|title=Hay festival diary: Ruth Padel talks about the poetry professorship scandal|date=2009-05-26|accessdate=2009-05-26|publisher=The Guardian | location=London | first=Rebecca | last=Lovell}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/may/25/ruth-padel-oxford-poetry-resigns|title=Oxford professor of poetry resigns|date=2009-05-25|accessdate=2009-05-26|work=The Guardian | location=London}} 13. ^Al Alvarez, Alan Brownjohn, Carmen Bugan, David Constantine, Elizabeth Cook, Robert Conquest, Jonty Driver, Seamus Heaney, Jenny Joseph, Patrick Kavanagh, Grevel Lindop, Patrick McGuinness, Lucy Newlyn, Bernard O’Donoghue, Michael Schmidt, Jon Stallworthy, Michael Suarez, Don Thomas, Anthony Thwaite, 'Oxford Professor of Poetry', Times Literary Supplement, 3 June 2009, p. 6. 14. ^[‘Don’t wrong Ruth Padel’, Letters, The Guardian 28 May 2009] 15. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/may/29/guardian-hay-festival-ruth-padel | location=London | work=The Guardian | title=Hay cuts | first=Charlotte | last=Higgins | date=2009-05-29}} 16. ^["Poetry's Loss," The Times Letters, 29 May 2009, http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/public/sitesearch.do?querystring=letters+poetry&p=tto&pf=all ] 17. ^{{cite web|last=Halford |first=Macy |url=http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/books/2009/05/oxfords-gender-trouble.html |title=The Book Bench: Oxford's Gender Trouble |publisher=The New Yorker |date=2009-01-07 |accessdate=2010-09-20}} 18. ^ 19. ^{{cite web|last=Gardner |first=Suzanne |url=http://www.quillandquire.com/blog/index.php/2009/05/26/ruth-padel-resigns-but-the-gender-war-rages-on/ |title=Ruth Padel resigns, but the "gender war" rages on | Quillblog | Quill & Quire |publisher=Quillandquire.com |date=2009-05-26 |accessdate=2010-09-20 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601011326/http://www.quillandquire.com/blog/index.php/2009/05/26/ruth-padel-resigns-but-the-gender-war-rages-on/ |archivedate=1 June 2009 }} 20. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.quillandquire.com/blog/index.php/2009/05/26/ruth-padel-resigns-but-the-gender-war-rages-on/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2010-09-20 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601011326/http://www.quillandquire.com/blog/index.php/2009/05/26/ruth-padel-resigns-but-the-gender-war-rages-on/ |archivedate=1 June 2009 |df=dmy-all }} 21. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/may/31/ruth-padel-derek-walcott-oxford-professor-poetry | location=London | work=The Guardian | title=Who dares to follow in Ruth's footsteps? | first=Robert | last=McCrum | date=2009-05-31}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.admin.ox.ac.uk/councilsec/gov/poetry.shtml|title=Election of Professor of Poetry, Convocation, 16th May 2009|date=2009-05-26|accessdate=2009-05-27|publisher=University of Oxford}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/newsnight/fromthewebteam/2009/05/ |title=Newsnight: From the web team |publisher=BBC |date= |accessdate=2010-09-10}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ox.ac.uk/about_the_university/oxford_people/professor_of_poetry/nominees/ |title=List of nominees |date=2010-05-07 |accessdate=2010-05-07 |publisher=Oxford University website |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100509185531/http://www.ox.ac.uk/about_the_university/oxford_people/professor_of_poetry/nominees/ |archivedate=9 May 2010 }} 25. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2010/jun/09/oxford-poetry-professor-claire | location=London | work=The Guardian | title=Oxford poetry professor candidate withdraws as controversy erupts again | first=Alison | last=Flood | date=2010-06-09}} 26. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article7074920.ece | location=London | work=The Times | first=Nicola | last=Woolcock | title=Geoffrey Hill nominated Professor of Poetry at Oxford after scandal | date=2010-03-25}} 27. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2010/jun/18/oxford-professor-poetry-geoffrey-hill | location=London | work=The Guardian | title=Geoffrey Hill wins Oxford Professor of Poetry election by landslide | first=Alison | last=Flood | date=2010-06-18}} 28. ^http://www.ox.ac.uk/media/news_stories/2010/100618_1.html 29. ^{{cite news| url=http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/06/18/geoffrey-hill-is-oxfords-next-professor-of-poetry/ | work=The New York Times | title=Geoffrey Hill Is Oxford's Next Professor of Poetry | first=Dave | last=Itzkoff | date=2010-06-18}} 30. ^University of Oxford, About the University: Past Professors of Poetry. Retrieved 15 February 2014. 31. ^"What does Oxford's professor of poetry do?", BBC News Magazine, 26 May 2009. Retrieved 30 March 2014. 32. ^1 Newman, Gerald, and Brown, Leslie Ellen (editors), Britain in the Hanoverian Age, 1714-1837: An Encyclopedia (London: Taylor & Francis, 1997), 745–746. 33. ^Liddon, Henry Parry, Chapter XXVII: Visit to Ireland—The Jerusalem Bishopric—The Poetry Professorship—Friendly Remonstrances. 1841–1842., Life of Edward Bouverie Pusey, Volume 2 (London: Longmans, 1894), quote: "Mr. Garbett's name had not been in the first instance suggested by any purely literary anxiety to provide for the discharge of the duties of the Poetry chair". Retrieved 4 February 2014. 34. ^The Nobel Prize in Literature 1995. Retrieved 4 February 2014. 35. ^Obituary: Heaney ‘the most important Irish poet since Yeats’, Irish Times, 30 August 2013. Retrieved 4 February 2014. 36. ^Contemporarywriters.com, Professor James Fenton — British Council Literature. Retrieved 4 February 2014. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606131402/http://www.contemporarywriters.com/authors/?p=authC2D9C28A0c41c2A4B3VwQ33A044C |date=6 June 2011 }} 37. ^[https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/english/people/armitage Professor Simon Armitage - School of English, University of Sheffield] Retrieved 15 October 2016. External links
6 : English poetry|Oxford Professors of Poetry|Professorships at the University of Oxford|Lists of people associated with the University of Oxford|Culture in Oxford|1708 establishments in Great Britain |
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