| 词条 | Arthur Forrest (Royal Navy officer) |
| 释义 |
|name=Arthur Forrest |birth_date= |death_date=26 May 1770 |image=Captain Forrest RN ( - 1770) by John Vandiest (1695 - 1757).jpg |image_size=250 |caption= Arthur Forrest |birth_place= |death_place = Jamaica |nickname= |nationality = British |allegiance={{flagcountry|Kingdom of Great Britain}} |serviceyears= – 1770 |rank=Commodore |branch= {{navy|Kingdom of Great Britain}} |commands={{unbulleted list| {{HMS|Alderney|1735|6}} | {{HMS|Hawk|1741|6}} | {{HMS|Success|1736|6}} | {{HMS|Wager|1744|6}} | {{HMS|Rye|1745|6}} | {{HMS|Augusta|1736|6}} | {{HMS|Centaur|1759|6}} | Jamaica Station }} |unit= |battles={{plainlist|
Battle of Cartagena de Indias
Battle of Cap-Français }} |awards= |relations= }} Arthur Forrest (died 26 May 1770) was an officer of the Royal Navy who saw service during the War of the Austrian Succession and the Seven Years' War, rising to the rank of captain and the post of commodore. Early lifeDetails of Forrest's parents and upbringing are unknown, but he had served in the merchant navy as mate or master, trading with Cartagena. He volunteered to serve as a pilot, passed his lieutenant's examination by December 1740, and was given command of the sloop Pilot. During this time he was under orders to train officers in the pilotage of Port Royal. His skills led him to take a distinguished part in the Battle of Cartagena de Indias in March 1741. He came to the attention of Edward Boscawen after serving under him in an attack on the Baradera battery on shore on 17 and 18 March 1741, and on 25 May he was promoted by the expedition's commander, Admiral Edward Vernon, to command the bomb vessel {{HMS|Alderney|1735|6}}. Further appointments followed, to the sloop {{HMS|Hawk|1741|6}} in November 1742, and then to {{HMS|Success|1736|6}}. During this time he served on the home station and in convoy service to America.[1] In 1745 he was promoted to post captain and given command of {{HMS|Wager|1744|6}}, in which he took out a large convoy to Newfoundland. In November he was at Boston, where, by pressing some seamen contrary to colonial custom, he got into a troublesome dispute, ending in a serious fray, in which two men were killed. The boatswain of the Wager was arrested on a charge of murder, was convicted, and sentenced to death ; the sentence, however, does not appear to have been carried out. Forrest afterwards went to the West Indies, where, in the following year, he captured a Spanish privateer of much superior force.[1] Seven Years' WarIn 1755 he commanded {{HMS|Rye|1745|6}}, in which he was again sent to the West Indies, and in 1757 was moved into the 60-gun {{HMS|Augusta|1736|6}}. In October he was detached, with two other ships {{HMS|Dreadnought|1742|6}} and Edinburgh under his command, to cruise off Cape François; and on 21 October encountered a powerful French squadron of four ships of the line and three heavy frigates under Guy François de Coetnempren, comte de Kersaint, which came out of harbour to drive the British away from a convoy. After a short conference with his colleagues, captains Maurice Suckling and William Langdon said to have lasted just half a minute Forrest determined on attempting to carry out his orders, and bore down on the enemy. In the ensuing battle the British managed to disable several French ships, but were outnumbered and too badly damaged to press an attack, and after two hours of fighting, each side drew off and returned to their respective ports. The French returned to the Cape, where they refitted and then proceeded on their voyage, while Forrest went back to Jamaica.[1] On 24 December, being detached singly off Petit-Goâve, he encountered a fleet of eight merchant ships, and in the night captured the sloop of war which was escorting them, and used her as a tender against her own convoy, taking all the ships. In August 1759 he took the Augusta to England, and on paying her off, in April 1760, commissioned {{HMS|Centaur|1759|6}}, one of the ships taken by Boscawen at the Battle of Lagos in 1759. After a few months with the fleet in the Bay of Biscay, he went out to the Jamaica Station,[2] where, by the death of Rear-Admiral Charles Holmes in November 1761, he was left senior officer. On this he moved into {{HMS|Cambridge|1755|6}}, hoisted a broad pennant, and took on himself both the duties and privileges of commander-in-chief, until Sir James Douglas, coming from the Leeward Islands in April 1762, summarily dispossessed him. Forrest returned to England, passenger in a merchant ship, when, on reporting himself to the admiralty, he was told that his conduct in constituting himself commodore was ‘most irregular and unjustifiable;’ and that the officers whom he had promoted would not be confirmed. This led to a long correspondence, in which the admiralty so far yielded as to order him to be reimbursed for the expenses he had incurred, though without sanctioning the higher rate of pay.[1] Later life and deathIn 1769, however, he was sent out to the same station as commander-in-chief, with his broad pennant in {{HMS|Dunkirk|1754|6}}. His time in the appointment was short-lived, he died at Jamaica on 26 May 1770. Sadly, at the time of his death, he never knew that advice of his appointment to the rank of admiral and reputedly, elevation to the peerage as the Viscount Forrest, were on a ship from London to Jamaica. He had married Frederica Marina Cecilia, probably a daughter of Colonel Lynch of Jamaica, by whom he had two sons and five daughters. Mrs. Forrest survived her husband many years, and died in 1802. His eldest daughter, Bridget, married the diarist John Byng, 5th Viscount Torrington. Notes1. ^1 2 3 {{Cite book|first=J. K.|last=Laughton|authorlink=John Knox Laughton|chapter=Arthur Forrest (d. 1770)|chapterurl=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/9885|title=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography | publisher=Oxford University Press |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/9885|subscription=yes}} 2. ^Cundall, p. xx References
5 : Year of birth missing|1770 deaths|Royal Navy officers|Royal Navy personnel of the War of the Austrian Succession|Royal Navy personnel of the Seven Years' War |
| 随便看 |
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。