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词条 Ash-shab yurid isqat an-nizam
释义

  1. Variants

  2. Context

  3. References

  4. See also

  5. External links

{{italicstitle}}{{Contains Arabic text}}{{transl|ar|ALA|Ash-shaʻb yurīd isqāṭ an-niẓām}} ({{lang-ar|الشعب يريد إسقاط النظام}} {{IPA-ar|æʃˈʃaʕb juˈriːd ʔɪsˈqɑːtˤ ˌænniˈðˤɑːm|pron}}, "the people want to bring down the regime") is a political slogan associated with the Arab Spring.[1][2] The slogan first emerged during the Tunisian Revolution.[3] The chant echoed at Avenue Habib Bourguiba in Tunis for weeks.[2] The slogan also became used frequently during the 2011 Egyptian revolution.[3][4][5][6] It was the most frequent slogan, both in graffiti and in chants in rallies, during the revolution in Egypt.[7]

The chant was raised at the protests in Bahrain.[6][8][9] Ash-shab yurid isqat an-nizam has been used frequently in protests across Yemen.[10][11] The slogan was used in rallies across Libya at the beginning of the 2011 revolt.[12] In March 2011, a group of youths under the age of 15 were arrested in Dera'a in southern Syria, after having sprayed ash-shab yurid isqat an-nizam graffiti. Their arrests sparked the uprising in Syria.[13][14] The slogan was also used frequently in Sudan throughout the protests.[15]

In Jordan, a youth group named "24 March" used the slogan ash-shaʻb yurīd islah an-niẓām ("the people want to reform the system").[16] However, the slogan later changed to ash-shab yurid isqat an-nizam in November 2012, when the government imposed a hike in the price of fuel.[17]

In Lebanon the slogan has been used in protests against that country's sectarian political system.[18] In the Lebanese protests, an-nizam ("the regime") referred to the sectarian political order as such, rather the government.[19] In Palestine, a variation of the slogan, {{transl|ar|ALA|Ash-shaʻb yurīd inhāʼ al-inqisām}} ({{lang|ar|الشعب يريد إنهاء الانقسام}}, "the people want the division to end"), emerged in protests calling for the two main factions Fatah and Hamas to settle their differences.[20] A parody of the slogan has been used by Bashar al-Assad's supporters in Syria as {{transl|ar|ALA|ash-shaʻb yurīd Bashār al-Asad}} ({{lang|ar|الشعب يريد بشار الاسد}} "the people want Bashar al-Assad").[21] Another parody of the slogan has been used by King Hamad's loyalist in Bahrain as {{transl|ar|ALA|ash-shaʻb yurīd isqāṭ al-Wifāq}} ("the people want to bring down Al-Wefaq"), referring to the main opposition party of Bahrain, Al-Wefaq.[22]

Variants

Syrian Islamists have appropriated the slogan for their own purposes, altering it to “The People want the declaration of Jihad” (ash-sha’ab yurīd i’lān al-Jihād), as well as "The Ummah wants an Islamic Caliphate" (al-Ummah turīd khilāfah islāmiyyah).[23]

In post-Mubarak Egypt, given the fact that the military government only partially met the demands of the revolutionaries, with the dreaded state of emergency remaining in place, some protesters started using a somewhat different version of the slogan: The people want to bring down the field marshal, referring to Field Marshal Mohamed Tantawi, the Chairman of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces.[24]

Context

Uriel Abulof, professor of politics at Tel-Aviv University and a senior research fellow at Princeton University, commented:

{{Quote|Virtually all English renditions of the uprising's call missed its singular, key letter: "The people wants to bring down the regime." This seeming semantics marks a sea-change in political ethics. For in the two long centuries since Napoleon landed in Alexandria, the moral foundation of modern politics -- popular sovereignty -- has been absent from the Arab Middle East. The Arab people became the object for colonizers, dictators and imams, with their call to submission and arms. Never a subject for thought and action, the people lacked political agency, powerless to forge a collective moral self, let alone a nation to demand self-determination: the right to tell right from wrong in the public sphere.

Whether Arab popular uprisings will eventually transform political systems -- thus nominally qualified as real revolutions -- remains to be seen. But one revolution is real and clear: the people (شعب, sha'ab) was born -- a collective, rather than a collection, of individuals, a whole greater than the sum of its parts. The uprising's slogan was not simply, as one might have expected, "down with the regime." It is precisely because the demonstrates felt that the existence of such a people, let alone one in possession of agency, is far from obvious, that they added, in a resolute speech-act -- an act created by speech -- "the people wants."[25]}}

Benoît Challand, teaching Middle Eastern politics at the University of Bologna, commented on the slogan in the following way:

{{Quote|The rendering of autonomy in Arabic illustrates my point as the term is translated as tasayyir daati {{sic}} – that is the "self-impulse," or "self-drive." And indeed, once the initial spark was lit, it was as if the Tunisian people moved as a whole, into spontaneous protests. Egyptian, Libyan, and Yemeni people called for the fall of their respective regime. The slogan "ash-sha’b yourid isqat al-nithaam" [the people want the fall of the regime], appearing across the region, captures this social cohesion (the people) and the unity in the project.[26]}}

Rashid Khalidi, the Edward Said professor of Arab studies at Columbia University and the editor of the Journal of Palestine Studies, commented in the following manner:

{{Quote|It will largely be determined in these streets, as well as in the internet cafes, and in the union halls, newspaper offices, women's groups and private homes of millions of young Arabs who have served notice as publicly as possible that they will no longer tolerate being treated with the contempt and disrespect their governments have shown them for their entire lives. They have put us all on notice with their slogan: "The people want the fall of the regime." They are not only referring to their corrupt governments; they also mean the old regime that has prevailed for decades in the entire Arab world, from the Atlantic to the Gulf.[27]}}

References

1. ^{{cite web |work=Al Jazeera English |url=http://english.aljazeera.net/programmes/general/2011/04/20114483425914466.html |title=The Arab Awakening|date=4 April 2011|accessdate=13 April 2011| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110412104811/http://english.aljazeera.net/programmes/general/2011/04/20114483425914466.html| archivedate= 12 April 2011 | deadurl= no}}
2. ^1 {{cite web |work=Hürriyet |url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/mob_n.php?n=the-regime-is-overthrown-what-now-2011-02-15 |title=The regime is overthrown, what now?|last=Ertuna |first=Can |date=15 February 2011|accessdate=13 April 2011}}
3. ^{{cite web|work=The Spectator |url=http://www.spectator.co.uk/coffeehouse/6664168/exclusive-on-the-streets-of-cairo.thtml |title=EXCLUSIVE: On the streets of Cairo |last=Beach |first=Alastair |date=1 February 2011 |accessdate=13 April 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110308170702/http://www.spectator.co.uk/coffeehouse/6664168/exclusive-on-the-streets-of-cairo.thtml |archivedate=March 8, 2011 }}
4. ^{{cite news |work=The New York Times |url=http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/02/04/latest-updates-on-day-11-of-egypt-protests/ |title=Updates on Day 11 of Egypt Protests |last=Mackey |first=Robert |date=4 February 2011|accessdate=13 April 2011| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110503084944/http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/02/04/latest-updates-on-day-11-of-egypt-protests/| archivedate= 3 May 2011 | deadurl= no}}
5. ^{{cite news |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/01/world/middleeast/01square.html?_r=1 |title=In Crowd’s Euphoria, No Clear Leadership Emerges |last=Shadid |first=Anthony |date=31 January 2011|accessdate=13 April 2011| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20111124083529/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/01/world/middleeast/01square.html?_r=1| archivedate=November 24, 2011| deadurl= no}}
6. ^1 {{cite web |work=Gulf News |url=http://gulfnews.com/mobile/opinions/columnists/18-days-that-shook-egypt-1.768758 |title=18 Days That Shook Egypt |last=Safty |first=Adel |date=28 February 2011|accessdate=13 April 2011}}
7. ^{{cite web |work=Asia Times |url=http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/MB02Ak03.html |title=The Brotherhood Factor |last=Escobar |first=Pepe |date=2 February 2011|accessdate=13 April 2011}}
8. ^{{cite web |work=Financial Times|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/9624c2ec-38d5-11e0-b0f6-00144feabdc0.html |title=Bahrain Protestors Take Over Key Junction|accessdate=13 April 2011}}
9. ^{{cite news |publisher=BBC|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/mobile/world-middle-east-12535681 |title=Bahrain Unrest: Thousands join anti-government protest |date=22 February 2011|accessdate=13 April 2011}}
10. ^{{cite web |work=National Yemen |url=http://nationalyemen.com/2011/02/26/sa%E2%80%99ada-rallies-repeat-the-people-want-the-fall-of-the-regime/ |title=Sa’ada Rallies Repeat "The people want the fall of the regime"|year=2011|accessdate=13 April 2011}}
11. ^{{cite web |publisher=Yahoo! News |url=http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/a/-/world/8864549/yemen-protesters-flee-armed-government-loyalists/ |title=Yemen protesters flee armed government loyalists |last1=Ghobari |first1=Mohammed |last2=Abdullah |first2=Khaled |work=Reuters |date=17 February 2011 |accessdate=13 April 2011 |archive-url=http://web.archive.bibalex.org/web/20110707162833/http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/a/-/world/8864549/yemen-protesters-flee-armed-government-loyalists/# |archive-date=2011-07-07 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
12. ^{{cite web |last=El Gharbi |first=Jalel |url=http://www.babelmed.net/Countries/Mediterranean/the_fall.php?c=6413&m=9&l=en |title=The fall of Qaddafi’s throne |date=21 February 2011 |accessdate=13 April 2011 |publisher=Babelmed |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404022908/http://www.babelmed.net/Countries/Mediterranean/the_fall.php?c=6413&m=9&l=en# |archive-date=2012-04-04 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
13. ^{{cite news |publisher=BBC |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12794882 |title=Middle East Unrest: Silence broken in Syria |last=Sinjab |first=Lina |date=19 March 2011|accessdate=13 April 2011| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110324151439/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12794882| archivedate= 24 March 2011 | deadurl= no}}
14. ^{{cite news |work=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/todays_paper/A%20Section/2011-03-25/A/1/18.0.1974792299_epaper.html |title=After deadly crackdown, a test of wills looms in Syria |last=Fadel |first=Leila |date=25 March 2011|accessdate=13 April 2011}}{{dead link|date=July 2015}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=52995|title=.:Middle East Online::Protests widen, and grow: Sudanese want to overthrow regime:.|author=|date=|website=www.middle-east-online.com|accessdate=16 April 2018}}
16. ^{{cite web |last=Sadiki |first=Larbi |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2012/02/2012225104354937565.html |title=En passant in Jordan: The king's dilemma |date=29 February 2012|accessdate=1 March 2011 |publisher=Al-Jazeera English}}
17. ^{{cite news | title = Jordan protesters call for "downfall of the regime" | date = 2012-11-16 | url = https://www.reuters.com/article/2012/11/16/us-jordan-protest-idUSBRE8AF0LK20121116 | work = Reuters | accessdate = 2012-11-17}}
18. ^{{cite web |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/03/07/3156644.htm |title=Beirut Protesters Demand End to Sectarianism |last=Barker |first=Anne |date=7 March 2011 |accessdate=13 April 2011}}
19. ^{{cite web |work=The National |url=http://www.thenational.ae/news/worldwide/middle-east/no-sects-please-were-lebanese-say-campaigners-for-secular-state |title=No sects, please, we're Lebanese, say campaigners for secular state |last=Constantine |first=Zoe |date=9 March 2011 |accessdate=13 April 2011}}
20. ^{{cite web |work=The Jerusalem Post|url=http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=212276 |title=Palestinians Demand: 'We want to end the division' |last=Abu Toameh |first=Khaled |date=15 March 2011|accessdate=13 April 2011}}
21. ^{{cite web|title=حشد مليوني في قلب العاصمة دمشق يهتف بصوت واحد: الشعب يريد بشار الأسد|url=http://www.alintiqad.com/essaydetails.php?eid=48487&cid=76|work=al-Intiqad}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2012/Feb-22/164239-bahrain-sunnis-warn-government-over-dialogue-at-rally.ashx#axzz1nwuxNAKc|title=Bahrain Sunnis warn government over dialogue at rally|author=|date=22 February 2012|website=dailystar.com.lb|accessdate=16 April 2018}}
23. ^{{cite news|title=What do the people want? Dissection of the Arab Spring slogan |date=2012-03-02 |url=http://subyraman.com/what-do-the-people-want-dissection-of-the-arab-spring-slogan/ |work=Tabeer |accessdate=2012-03-03 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801074847/http://subyraman.com/what-do-the-people-want-dissection-of-the-arab-spring-slogan/ |archivedate=August 1, 2013 }}
24. ^{{cite news |title=Scorecard: Egypt's army and the revolution |author=Evan Hill |url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/06/2011629124848564932.html |newspaper=Al-Jazeera English |date=30 June 2011 |accessdate=6 July 2011| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110702185507/http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/06/2011629124848564932.html| archivedate= 2 July 2011 | deadurl= no}}
25. ^{{cite news |last=Abulof |first=Uriel |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/uriel-abulof/what-is-the-arab-third-es_b_832628.html/ |title=What Is the Arab Third Estate? |date=3 October 2011 |accessdate=29 September 2013 |work=Huffington Post}}
26. ^{{cite web |last=Challand |first=Benoit |url=http://www.deliberatelyconsidered.com/2011/03/the-counter-power-of-civil-society-in-the-middle-east-2/ |title=The Counter-Power of Civil Society in the Middle East |work=Deliberately Considered |date=2 March 2011|accessdate=13 April 2011}}
27. ^1 {{cite web |last=Khalidi |first=Rashid |url=http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/02/24/reflections_on_the_revolutions_in_tunisia_and_egypt |title=Reflections on the revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt|date=24 February 2011|accessdate=13 April 2011 |publisher=The Middle East Channel| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110506194740/http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/02/24/reflections_on_the_revolutions_in_tunisia_and_egypt| archivedate= 6 May 2011 | deadurl= no}}

See also

  • El pueblo unido jamás será vencido

External links

  • [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0tskWhWtl6I News footage of Egyptian protestors using the slogan]
  • [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WxZ7fz3O5AY Ash-sha'ab yurid isqat an-nizam], Bahraini song
  • [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WYyNSmKwC6s Ash-sha'ab lubnani yurid isqat an-nizam at-ta'ifi], Lebanese song
  • [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9nRp15MMEPc Video from rally in Benghazi]
{{Arab Spring}}

3 : Political catchphrases|Arab Spring|Arabic words and phrases
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