| 词条 | Asiatic rhinoceros beetle |
| 释义 |
| image = Oryctes nasicornis Thailand.jpg | image_caption = | genus = Oryctes | species = rhinoceros | authority = (Linnaeus, 1758) | display_parents = 4 | synonyms = Scarabaeus rhinoceros Linnaeus, 1758 | synonyms_ref = [1] }} The Asiatic rhinoceros beetle, coconut rhinoceros beetle or coconut palm rhinoceros beetle,[2][3] (Oryctes rhinoceros) is a species of rhinoceros beetle belonging to the Scarabaeidae family. O. rhinoceros attacks the developing fronds of Raffia,[4] coconut, oil, and other palms in tropical Asia and a number of Pacific islands. Damaged fronds show typical triangular cuts. The beetle kills the palms (particularly newly planted ones) when the growing point is destroyed during feeding. The larvae do not damage crops, but instead grow in dead, decaying trunks and other organic matter.[5] In 1964, accidental introduction in some countries, and the perceived threat led to a special United Nations fund being established through the South Pacific Forum, with the goal of "eradication of the rhinoceros beetle and related insects in the South Pacific". Contributors to the fund were Australia, France, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, and Western Samoa.[6] Control measures include the use of cultural methods, such as crop sanitation and the use of cover crops, pheromones, together with biological controls such as the manipulation of Metarhizium majus The beetle is an invasive species in Hawaii, where it was found on December 23, 2013. It is believed to have been brought there in air cargo.[7] See also
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Catalogue of type specimens. 4. Linnaean specimens |publisher=Uppsala University |author=Lars Wallin |date=February 14, 2001 |url=http://www.evolutionsmuseet.uu.se/samling/UUZM04_Linnaeus.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=August 28, 2010}} 2. ^Oryctes rhinoceros (insect) 3. ^Oryctes rhinoceros 4. ^http://uses.plantnet-project.org/en/Raphia_farinifera_(PROTA) 5. ^http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/adap/ASCC_LandGrant/Dr_Brooks/BrochureNo8.pdf 6. ^"Agreement between the Government of Australia and the United Nations Special Fund concerning Assistance from the Special Fund for a Project of Research on the Control of the Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle ATS 18 of 1964”. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017. 7. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-rhinoceros-beetle-20150125-story.html | title=Hawaii hopes to fend off invasion by coconut rhinoceros beetle | publisher=LA Times | date=24 January 2015 | accessdate=28 January 2015 | first=Sara | last=Lin}} External Links
4 : Dynastinae|Beetles of Asia|Beetles described in 1758|Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus |
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