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词条 Atlantic Gateway (North West England)
释义

  1. Background

     North West economy  Road congestion 

  2. Objectives

     Renewable energy  Opportunities 

  3. Individual projects

     Manchester Docks: Port Salford  Liverpool Waters  Wirral Waters 

  4. See also

  5. References

  6. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}{{Use British English|date=July 2017}}{{update|date=June 2015}}Atlantic Gateway, sometimes referred to as Ocean Gateway, is a proposed redevelopment strategy for the North West of England, centring on the corridor between Greater Manchester and Merseyside. The development will be backed by £50 billion of investment over 50 years, making it one of the most expensive and expansive development projects in UK history.[1]

The project will involve extensive redevelopment of the Port of Liverpool and the Manchester Ship Canal and will be led by the Peel Group, the largest property investment company in the United Kingdom. Liverpool Waters and Wirral Waters, which together form the Mersey Waters Enterprise Zone, are also part of the project and Peel are also proposing renewable energy solutions which would give the region greater dependence on stable energy.

Liverpool and Manchester became rivals with the opening of the Manchester Ship Canal in 1894, which resulted in job losses at the Port of Liverpool, but the 2011 plan hopes to link the trade of the two cities to create, in the words of chairman of Peel, John Whittaker, "the most dynamic and economically sustainable region in the UK."[2]

Background

North West economy

It is hoped the plan will balance the north-south divide by transporting goods to the north of England by sea and canal rather than them having to travel from the south of England, often by road. It is envisaged that thousands of jobs would be created at the Port of Liverpool and along the Manchester Ship Canal. The Manchester Ship Canal runs alongside Trafford Park, Europe's largest industrial estate and home to many international companies such as Kelloggs and Adidas. In 2007, supermarket chain Tesco became the first modern retailer to transport its goods by canal. Its wine imports from South America, Australia and California are now brought through the Port of Liverpool and the Manchester Ship Canal to a storage facility at Irlam and then transported to a bottling plant less than a half a mile away. It is estimated that some 180,000 litres of wine a week are transported along the canal in this way taking 50 lorries off the road every week and, according to Tesco's own estimates, cutting carbon emissions by 80%.[3][4] The ship canal is also used by Shell UK to transport 20% of its output of petrol and diesel and RHM plc ships more than 100,000 tonnes of wheat a year from the Royal Seaforth Grain Terminal at the Port of Liverpool to its mill in Trafford Park.[5]

Road congestion

As of 2010, only 7 percent of the cargo-carrying potential of the Manchester Ship Canal is utilised, with the UK relying mostly on the transportation of goods now done by road haulage. Britain's roads are some of the most congested in Europe, with Manchester and Liverpool being the 4th and 8th most congested cities in the United Kingdom.[6] Furthermore, Leeds and Sheffield, two cities which would be in proximity to the Port Salford freight terminal, also make the top ten of most congested cities in the UK.[6] Peel believes using the Port of Liverpool and the Manchester Ship Canal to ship goods into the heart of Northern England would solve some of these problems and be an economically viable option. They also believe that the rising cost of fuel and the fact that road haulage volumes have to remain flat until 2050 for the UK to hit is carbon emissions targets, makes the Ship Canal a worthwhile project.[7] In recent years, companies such as Prince's,[8] Tesco,[9] Adidas[10] and Shell[11] have used the barge service on the Ship Canal to transport products further inland from Liverpool.

Objectives

Renewable energy

The project spans over 50 miles along the Manchester Ship Canal and River Mersey between Liverpool and Manchester and includes plans to invest in renewable energy such as tidal energy, biomass energy and waste-to-energy options. Proposed renewable energy projects have, however, hit snags with concerns as to whether they are economically viable. Examples include a £3.5 billion project to create a tidal power station on the River Mersey which was hoped to power up to 500,000 homes,[12] but which was shelved in 2011. Peel stated that construction would take 10 years and it would be decades before they would make a return on the investment.[13] Other renewable projects have faced opposition and from local residents who would be affected by the developments. In July 2010, Peel Energy proposed the Barton Renewable Energy Plant in Trafford which would be fuelled by biomass. There have been protests about the creation of the plant[14] but Peel claim 80% of the public support the plans which they say would provide energy to 40,000 homes.[15]

Opportunities

The Peel Group has estimated that there is potential for up to 250,000 new jobs along the gateway, with 140,000 resulting from immediate investment in logistics and retail.[16]

Individual projects

Manchester Docks: Port Salford

{{Main article|Port Salford}}

The Port Salford plan will create a freight terminal near Trafford Park. The Port Salford facility will include a {{convert|153000|sqm|adj=on}} warehousing facility and up to 3000 new jobs could be created.[17] It is envisaged that companies will choose to transport products and commodities via the waterborne route of the Manchester Ship Canal rather than by road or rail and reduce transportation costs for businesses in northern England.[18] To maximise Port Salford's potential, the Western Gateway Enabling Scheme will improve access to the site and surrounding areas.[18]

Peel plan to begin construction in summer 2011, having issued tender details in early 2011[19] with the site operational by 2014. The port will be modelled on Duisburg Port, the largest inland port in the world.[20]

Upon completion Port Salford will be the only inland distribution park in the UK accessible by a canal or river; it is estimated that Port Salford will require 18 freight trains a day to shift goods stored at the distribution terminal.[21]

Liverpool Waters

{{Main article|Liverpool Waters}}Liverpool Waters is a large-scale £5.5bn development that has been proposed by Peel in Vauxhall, Liverpool. The development will make use of a series of presently derelict dock spaces at Central Docks, with much of the docks now a World Heritage Site in an area north of Liverpool's historic Pier Head.[22] The development is planned to create at least 17,000 full-time jobs and {{convert|21000000|sqft|m2|-3}} of new commercial and residential floor-space, including 23,000 apartments and four hotels. The tallest towers are proposed to be over 50 storeys high.[22]

It is split into four sectors:[23]

  • Sector A: Bramley-Moore Dock, Nelson Dock
  • Sector B: Salisbury Dock, Collingwood Dock
  • Sector C: Liverpool Canal Link, including Trafalgar Dock, Clarence Dock, West Waterloo Dock, East Waterloo Dock
  • Sector D: Prince's Half-Tide Dock, Prince's Dock

The developers have stated that the project may take 50 years before it is finished. The proposals are presently at the planning stage and are subject to public acceptance.[24]

The planning applications were submitted by the developers on 4 October 2010.[25]

Wirral Waters

{{Main article|Wirral Waters}}Wirral Waters is a large-scale £4.5bn development proposed by Peel for Birkenhead, on the Wirral Peninsula.[26] It is the sister programme of the Liverpool Waters project. Since 2012 the two projects have enjoyed enterprise zone status, together forming the Mersey Waters Enterprise Zone.[27]

The main aim of the Wirral Waters development is to create {{convert|5000000|sqft|m2|-3}} of modern office space at the East Float and Vittoria Dock in order to regenerate a largely unused series of disused dock spaces. The proposals include a waterfront hotel,[28] bars, restaurants, other leisure facilities and 15,000 apartments to be housed in a series of towers, three of which will be fifty storeys high.[29] A dedicated development is also proposed for the site of the former Bidston Dock, close to the M53 motorway and the Kingsway road tunnel to Liverpool. This will encompass an additional {{convert|571000|sqft|m2|-2}} of retail and leisure facilities.[29] The architectural practice Broadway Malyan[30] have been employed by Peel, and are responsible for the overall design of the development. Broadway Malyan are also responsible for the design of the redevelopment of Mann Island, across the River Mersey in Liverpool. If achieved, the project will dramatically increase the amount of business space available in the wider conurbation, addressing an imbalance that has seen the area develop {{convert|5000000|sqft|m2|-3}} less office space than other urban centres of a similar profile. The developers expect that the scheme will lead to the creation of over 27,000 permanent jobs.[31]

See also

  • Thames Gateway – similar development in the south east but with emphasis on urban regeneration.
  • High Speed 2 – rail development which would link Manchester and London with a high-speed rail system.

References

1. ^{{Cite news |title=Ocean Gateway |quote=This concept stretches over 50 miles encompassing the North West's two great cities of Manchester and Liverpool and is the largest private sector investment in any geographically definable part of the UK. |url=http://www.oceangateway.com/content/index.html |work=Peel |accessdate=13 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811124526/http://www.oceangateway.com/content/index.html |archive-date=11 August 2011 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }}
2. ^{{Cite news |title=Peel supremo seeks planning revolution |last=Barry |first=Chris |url=http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/news/business/s/1065787_peel_supremo_seeks_planning_revolution |newspaper=Manchester Evening News |date=8 September 2008 |accessdate=12 July 2011}}
3. ^{{Cite news |title=Supermarket to 'float' its stock |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/merseyside/7050444.stm |work=BBC |date=18 October 2007 |accessdate=13 July 2011}}
4. ^{{Cite news |title=Wine on the water as Tesco turns to barges to cut emissions |last=Ward |first=David |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2007/oct/19/carbonemissions.uknews |newspaper=The Guardian |date=19 October 2007 |location=London}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.shipcanal.co.uk/manchester-ship-canal/service-info.htm|title=Manchester Ship Canal Service Information|last=Anon|work=Port of Liverpool and Manchester Ship Canal website|publisher=Peel Ports Group|accessdate=27 July 2011}}
6. ^1 {{Cite news |title=Three British cities are among most congested in Europe |last=Massey |first=Ray |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1268330/Three-British-cities-congested-Europe.html |newspaper=Daily Mail |date=23 April 2010 |accessdate=13 July 2011 |location=London}}
7. ^{{Cite news |title=Peel appeals for unity as port masterplan launched |last=Tague |first=Neil |url=http://www.insidermedia.com/insider/north-west/53702-peel-appeals-unity-port-masterplan-launched/index.html |work=Insider Media |date=8 June 2011 |accessdate=13 July 2011}}
8. ^{{Cite news |title=Princes to increase Manchester Ship Canal container traffic |url=http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/news/business/s/1461286_princes-to-increase-manchester-ship-canal-container-traffic |newspaper=Manchester Evening News |date=11 October 2011 |accessdate=2012-02-01}}
9. ^{{Cite news |title=Wine on the water as Tesco turns to barges to cut emissions |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2007/oct/19/carbonemissions.uknews |date=19 October 2007 |accessdate=2012-02-01 |location=London |work=The Guardian |first=David |last=Ward}}
10. ^{{Cite news |title=Adidas switch has legs |url=http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/news/business/s/1006/1006432_adidas_switch_has_legs.html |newspaper=Manchester Evening News |date=8 May 2007 |accessdate=2012-02-01}}
11. ^{{Cite news |title=Stanlow Manufacturing Complex |url=http://www.shell.co.uk/home/content/gbr/aboutshell/shell_businesses/oil_products/ |work=Shell UK |accessdate=2012-02-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813063617/http://www.shell.co.uk/home/content/gbr/aboutshell/shell_businesses/oil_products/ |archive-date=13 August 2011 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }}
12. ^{{Cite news |title=Water wheel plan for River Mersey |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/merseyside/6751339.stm |work=BBC |date=14 June 2007}}
13. ^{{Cite news |title=Mersey Estuary tidal power scheme 'will not go ahead' |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-merseyside-13875032 |work=BBC |date=22 June 2011}}
14. ^{{Cite news |title=‘Clean air’ group fights power plant |url=http://menmedia.co.uk/trafford/news/s/1336301_clean_air_group_fights_power_plant |newspaper=Manchester Evening News |date=1 October 2010}}
15. ^{{Cite news |title=Public Continues to Offer Strong Support for Barton Renewable Energy Plant Proposal |url=http://www.peel.co.uk/news/publiccontinuestooffersupport?k=&y=&b= |work=Peel |date=14 December 2010 |access-date=16 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929155658/http://www.peel.co.uk/news/publiccontinuestooffersupport?k=&y=&b=# |archive-date=29 September 2011 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }}
16. ^{{Cite news |title=Accelerating Growth in the North West |url=http://www.peel.co.uk/news/acceleratinggrowthinthenorthwest?k=&y=&b= |archive-url=https://archive.is/20120906194026/http://www.peel.co.uk/news/acceleratinggrowthinthenorthwest?k=&y=&b= |dead-url=yes |archive-date=6 September 2012 |work=The Peel Group |date=21 December 2011 |accessdate=2012-03-19 }}
17. ^{{Cite news|title=Peel Ports to create 3,000 jobs in ship canal revival |url=http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/jobs/s/1422997_peel-ports-to-create-3000-jobs-in-ship-canal-revival |newspaper=Manchester Evening News |date=10 June 2011 |accessdate=12 July 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110820044131/http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/jobs/s/1422997_peel-ports-to-create-3000-jobs-in-ship-canal-revival |archivedate=20 August 2011 }}
18. ^1 {{Cite news|title=Port Salford |url=http://www.peel.co.uk/projects/portsalford |work=The Peel Group |accessdate=2012-03-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120427195451/http://www.peel.co.uk/projects/portsalford |archivedate=2012-04-27 |df= }}
19. ^{{Cite news|title=Peel publishes Port Salford tenders |url=http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/Property/Peel-publishes-Port-Salford-tenders |work=Manchester Confidential |date=30 March 2011 |accessdate=12 July 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001164211/http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/Property/Peel-publishes-Port-Salford-tenders |archivedate=1 October 2011 }}
20. ^{{Cite news |title=Port plan hit by red tape |url=http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/news/business/s/1005/1005309_port_plan_hit_by_red_tape.html |newspaper=Manchester Evening News |date=24 April 2007 |accessdate=13 July 2011}}
21. ^{{Cite news |title=Port Project: Are There Calmer |last=Luckock |first=Russell |url=http://news.sky.com/skynews/Home/Business/Peel-Ports-400m-Investment-In-Port-Salford-In-Manchester-Shows-Confident-Is-Returning-To-Economy/Article/200907415348760 |work=Sky News |date=30 July 2009 |accessdate=13 July 2011}}
22. ^1 "Peel unveil £5.5 billion investment plans" {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071009163744/http://www.peel.co.uk/peelholdings/source/newsdetails.asp?type=1&page=1&newsid=169 |date=9 October 2007 }}, Peel News, 6 March 2007
23. ^Liverpool Waters: Masterplan {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100405051733/http://www.peelwaters.co.uk/LpoolWaters.html |date=5 April 2010 }}
24. ^People power to decide fate of new £5.5bn waterfront£, Neil Hodgson, Liverpool Echo, 7 March 2007
25. ^{{cite news | title = Liverpool Waters development plans submitted | publisher = BBC News | url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-merseyside-11462806| accessdate = 2010-10-04 | date=4 October 2010| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20101007041916/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-merseyside-11462806| archivedate= 7 October 2010 | deadurl= no}}
26. ^"Market shoppers acquire a taste for Wirral Waters development", Liam Murphy, Liverpool Daily Post, 16 September 2008
27. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.clickliverpool.com/news/liverpool-news/1220433-enterprise-zones-drive-forward-uk-industry-with-foreign-investment.html |title=Enterprise Zones drive forward UK industry with foreign investment |publisher=Click Liverpool |date=28 November 2013 |accessdate=10 March 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20150310004607/http://www.clickliverpool.com/news/liverpool-news/1220433-enterprise-zones-drive-forward-uk-industry-with-foreign-investment.html |archivedate=10 March 2015 }}
28. ^{{cite news |first=Craig |last=Manning |title=Go ahead given for waterfront hotel plans |url=http://www.wirralglobe.co.uk/mostpopular.var.2272753.mostviewed.go_ahead_given_for_waterfront_hotel_plans.php |work= |publisher=Wirral Globe |date=2008-05-18 |accessdate=2008-06-12 }}
29. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.wirralwaters.co.uk/news/050906.pdf |title=Peel unveil plans for £4.5 billion 'Wirral Waters' scheme |work=Peel Holdings |date=2006-09-05 |accessdate=2008-03-01 }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}
30. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.broadwaymalyan.com/news/articles/4.5-billion-wirral-waters-scheme-unveiled.cfm?latest=1 |title=Broadway Malyan |access-date=13 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928105311/http://www.broadwaymalyan.com/news/articles/4.5-billion-wirral-waters-scheme-unveiled.cfm?latest=1 |archive-date=28 September 2007 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }}
31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/liverpool/content/articles/2006/09/06/wirral_waters_feature.shtml|title=Wirral's skyline to rival New York|work=BBC Liverpool|date=2006-09-06|accessdate=2007-02-20}}

External links

  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20110811124526/http://www.oceangateway.com/content/index.html An introduction to Ocean Gateway – Peel]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20110929155542/http://www.peel.co.uk/media/OceanGatewayTechnicalReport.pdf – Ocean Gateway technical report (October 2009) – Peel]
  • Mersey Waters Enterprise Zone - Peel

3 : North West England|Liverpool docks|The Peel Group
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