| 词条 | Atlas (robot) |
| 释义 |
| name = Atlas | logo = | logosize = | image = Atlas from boston dynamics.jpg | imsize = | alt = | caption = Atlas robot | manufacturer = Boston Dynamics | year_of_creation = 2013 | type = Humanoid robot | purpose = Search and rescue | derived_from = PETMAN | replaced_by = | website = {{url|http://www.bostondynamics.com/robot_Atlas.html|bostondynamics.com}} }}Atlas is a bipedal humanoid robot primarily developed by the American robotics company Boston Dynamics, with funding and oversight from the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). The {{convert|6|ft|m|adj=on|sp=us|order=flip}} robot is designed for a variety of search and rescue tasks, and was unveiled to the public on July 11, 2013.[1] Design and developmentThe design and production of Atlas was overseen by the DARPA, an agency of the United States Department of Defense, in cooperation with Boston Dynamics. One of the robot's hands was developed by Sandia National Laboratories, while the other was developed by iRobot[2]. In 2013, DARPA program manager Gill Pratt compared the prototype version of Atlas to a small child, saying that "a 1-year-old child can barely walk, a 1-year-old child falls down a lot ... this is where we are right now"[1]. Atlas is based on Boston Dynamics' earlier PETMAN humanoid robot, and has four hydraulically-actuated limbs[3]. Constructed of aluminum and titanium, it stands approximately 5.9 feet tall, weighs 330 pounds (150 kg), and is illuminated with blue LEDs[1][3]. Atlas is equipped with two vision systems – a laser rangefinder and stereo cameras, both controlled by an off-board computer – and has hands with fine motor skill capabilities[3]. Its limbs possess a total of 28 degrees of freedom[4][3]. Atlas can navigate rough terrain and climb independently using its arms and legs, although the 2013 prototype version was tethered to an outside power supply[3]. In October 2013 Boston Dynamics uploaded a video showing Atlas could withstand being hit by projectiles and balance on one leg[5]. In 2014, Atlas robots programmed by six different teams competed in the DARPA Robotics Challenge to test the robot's ability to perform various tasks, including getting in and out of a vehicle and driving it, opening a door, and using a power tool. A variety of other robots also competed. The contest was inspired by the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, and carries a USD 2 million prize for the winning team[1]. In the 2015 DARPA robotics finals Atlas from IHMC Robotics (named Running Man) came second behind the Korean team Kaist and their robot DRC-Hubo by a margin of six minutes, completing the entire course in a time of 50:26[6]. Atlas, The Next GenerationOn February 23, 2016, Boston Dynamics released video[7] of a new version Atlas robot on YouTube. The new version of Atlas is designed to operate both outdoors and inside buildings. It is specialized for mobile manipulation and is very adept at walking over a wide range of terrain, including snow. It is electrically powered and hydraulically actuated. It uses sensors in its body and legs to balance, and it uses LIDAR and stereo sensors in its head to avoid obstacles, assess the terrain, help with navigation, and manipulate objects, even when the objects are being moved. This version of Atlas is about {{convert|175|cm|ftin|abbr=on}} tall (about a head shorter than the DRC Atlas) and weighs {{convert|180|lb|kg|abbr=on}}. What's new, Atlas?On November 16, 2017, Boston Dynamics released an update video[8] of the Atlas robot to YouTube. In this video Atlas was shown jumping on boxes, turning 180 degrees while jumping and performing a backflip. On May 10, 2018, Boston Dynamics released an update video[9] of the Atlas robot to YouTube. In this video, Atlas was shown running across grass on an uneven terrain as well as jumping over a log lying on the grass. On October 12, 2018, Boston Dynamics released an update video of the Atlas robot to YouTube.[10] In this video, Atlas was shown running around while jumping over boxes. {{clear}}ApplicationsAtlas is intended to aid emergency services in search and rescue operations, performing tasks such as shutting off valves, opening doors and operating powered equipment in environments where humans could not survive.[1] The Department of Defense stated in 2013 that it had no interest in using the robot for offensive or defensive warfare.[1] In the 2015 Darpa competition of robotics Atlas was not able to complete all eight tasks as follows:
ReactionsAtlas was unveiled to the public on July 11, 2013. The New York Times said that its debut was "a striking example of how computers are beginning to grow legs and move around in the physical world", describing the robot as "a giant – though shaky – step toward the long-anticipated age of humanoid robots."[1] Gary Bradski, a specialist in artificial intelligence, declared that "a new species, Robo sapiens, are emerging". See also{{Portal|Robotics}}{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|title=Modest Debut of Atlas May Foreshadow Age of 'Robo Sapiens'|work=New York Times|author=John Markoff|date=July 11, 2013|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/12/science/modest-debut-of-atlas-may-foreshadow-age-of-robo-sapiens.html|accessdate=July 14, 2013}} 2. ^{{cite news|title=What if this ATLAS shrugged? — DARPA unveils new humanoid robot|author=Emi Kolawole|work=Washington Post|date=July 12, 2013|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/innovations/wp/2013/07/12/what-if-this-atlas-shrugged-darpa-unveils-new-humanoid-robot/|accessdate=July 14, 2013}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|title=Be afraid: DARPA unveils Terminator-like Atlas robot|author=Tim Hornyak|date=July 11, 2013|publisher=CNET|url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938_105-57593396-1/be-afraid-darpa-unveils-terminator-like-atlas-robot/|accessdate=July 14, 2013}} 4. ^{{cite news|title=Atlas robot interactive 3D animation|date=May 23, 2018|url=https://www.cyberbotics.com/doc/guide/atlas|accessdate=May 23, 2018}} 5. ^Video: Robot performs balancing act. 3 News NZ. 9 October 2013. 6. ^{{Cite web|title=Home {{!}} DRC Finals |url=http://www.theroboticschallenge.org/ |website=www.theroboticschallenge.org |accessdate=2015-12-30 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160428005028/http://www.darparoboticschallenge.org/ |archivedate=April 28, 2016 |df=mdy }} 7. ^{{Citation|last=BostonDynamics|title=Atlas, The Next Generation|date=2016-02-23|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rVlhMGQgDkY|accessdate=2016-06-03}} 8. ^{{Citation|last=BostonDynamics|title=What's new, Atlas?|date=2017-11-16|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fRj34o4hN4I|accessdate=2017-11-19}} 9. ^{{Citation|last=BostonDynamics|title=Getting some air, Atlas?|date=2018-05-10|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vjSohj-Iclc|accessdate=2018-05-18}} 10. ^{{Cite web|author=Boston Dynamics |title=Parkour Atlas |date=October 11, 2018 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LikxFZZO2sk |website=YouTube |accessdate=2018-10-11}} External links{{Commons category|Atlas (robot)}}
5 : 2013 robots|Bipedal humanoid robots|Robots of the United States|Robotics at Boston Dynamics|DARPA projects |
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