| 词条 | Attur Fort |
| 释义 |
|name = Attur Fort |partof = Tamil Nadu |location = Attur, Tamil Nadu, India |image = |caption = Attur Fort |map_type = India Tamil Nadu |map_size = 200 |map_caption = |type = Forts |coordinates = {{coord|11.603529|78.600868|type:landmark|display=inline}} |code = |built = 17th century |builder = Gatti Mudaliars |materials = |height = |used = |demolished = |condition = |open_to_public = |controlledby = Department of Archaeology |garrison = |current_commander = |commanders = |occupants = |battles = |events = |image2 = |caption2 = }} Attur Fort is a historic fort present in Attur in Salem district in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The fort was built by a Palaiyakkarar chieftain under Madurai Nayaks, called Lakshmana Nayakan during the 17th Century. It was also occupied by Hyder Ali, Tipu Sultan and British during various times. The fort was used by the British as a garrison till 1854, after which the fort was not operational. In modern times, the fort is under the control of the Archaeological Department of the Government of Tamil Nadu. Some portions of the fort is dilapidated, while most other portions are enchorached by slum dwellers. LocationAttur town is situated on the southern bank of the Vasista river. The town was called Attur Ananthagiri during the Mysore rule in 1689 and was called Attur by end of the 18th century. It was originally believed that the fort was built by the founder of the Gatti Mudalis dynasty, who built the Shiva and Vishnu temples in the fort. HistoryUnder Madurai NayaksThe Fort was constructed by a local Palaiyakkarar chieftain Lakshmana Nayakan under Madurai Nayaks[1] . Attur fort became part of Mysore Kingdom in late 17th century when frequent wars between Mysore Kingdom and Thirumalai Nayak of Madurai when large parts of north west Tamil region from Dindigul became part of Mysore rulers. Under Mysore KingdomThe region became part of Mysore Wodeyar rulers and later under Hyder Ali of Mysore till 1768, when surrendered to Wood of East India Company. Hyder Ali regained the town from the British East India Company, but the Company won a decisive victory in the 3rd Mysore war was against Tipu Sultan, the son of Hyder Ali. Under BritishAfter the Third Mysore War the region became part of Madras Presidency under British.The fort was used by the British as a garrison from 1792 by and the 23rd Madras battalion under the command of captain compbell occupied it. During subsequent years, the fort was used as an ordinance station from 1799 as the Company troops moved to Sankagiri. After 1854, the fort ceased to act as an operational fortress and the region was clubbed into the newly formed Salem District under the Madras Presidency. Recent statusIn modern times, the fort is under the control of the Archaeological Department of the Government of Tamil Nadu. Some portions of the fort is dilapidated, while most other portions are enchorached by slum dwellers.[2][2][3] In modern times, the fort is maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India.[4] ArchitectureThe fort occupies an area of {{convert|62|acre|sqm|abbr=on}} The walls of the fort are about {{convert|30| ft|m|abbr=on}} tall and {{convert|15| ft|abbr=on}} wide. It is decortated by wedge shaped cut-stones fitted without mortar. The construction material for the walls are believed to be quarried from the Kalladithankundru. The fort was guarded by the river in the east and by moats on other sides. Gatt dynasty used the large chamber inside the fort as audience hall during their regime. The pool house, used for the pleasure of the royal family, was fed from the river through a water gate.[5][6] References{{Commons category|Attur Fort}}1. ^{{cite book|url= https://books.google.co.in/books?id=RRxuAAAAMAAJ&q=Attur+Fort+nayaks&dq=Attur+Fort+nayaks&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjR_I-Fq8fVAhXJKJQKHTtnDRkQ6AEIJTAA| title= Madras District Gazetteers: Salem| publisher= Superintendent, Government Press| author= B. S. Baligayear.| year=1967| pages=74 | isbn=9785519483643}} 2. ^{{cite book|title=Synopsis of the Results of the Operations, Volume 25|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s-RDAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA75&dq=attur+fort&hl=en&sa=X&ei=sSQRUpmeJebH2wWY8YGIAQ&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=attur%20fort&f=false|page=75|last=Great Trigonometrical Survey|publisher=Columbia University|year=1891}} 3. ^{{cite book|title=A manual of the Salem district in the presidency of Madras|last=Fanu|first=Henry Le|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_ZEIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA53&dq=attur+fort&hl=en&sa=X&ei=diYRUofGLqmg2gXo44DABQ&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=attur%20fort&f=false|page=53|publisher=Oxford University|year=1883}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Alphabetical List of Monuments - Tamil Nadu|url=http://asi.nic.in/asi_monu_alphalist_tamilnadu.asp|publisher=Archaeological Survey of India|accessdate=2013-09-09|year=2011}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|title=Attur Historical moments |work=Attur Municipality |url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/attur/abt-historic.htm |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130818194946/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/attur/abt-historic.htm |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2013-08-18 |accessdate=2013-07-07 |year=2011 }} 6. ^{{cite news|title=Historic fort|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/historic-fort/article2800740.ece|work=The Hindu|date=14 January 2012|accessdate=2013-07-07}} 2 : Forts in Tamil Nadu|Salem district |
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