词条 | Panorama City, Los Angeles |
释义 |
|official_name = Panorama City |pushpin_map = United States San Fernando Valley#United States Los Angeles |pushpin_map_caption = Location within Los Angeles/San Fernando Valley |settlement_type = Neighborhood of Los Angeles |coordinates = {{coord|34|13|29|N|118|26|56|W|region:US-CA|display=inline}} }} Panorama City is a neighborhood in the city of Los Angeles, California, in the San Fernando Valley. It has a generally young age range as well as the highest population density in the Valley. Ethnically, more than half the population was born abroad, a higher percentage than Los Angeles as a whole. Known as the valley's first planned community following a transition from agriculture to a post-World War II housing boom, it has produced several notable residents. Today it is a mixture of single-family homes and low-rise apartment buildings. Panorama City has three high schools, two recreational centers, a senior center, two hospitals and a chamber of commerce. HistoryPanorama City is known as the San Fernando Valley's first planned community. In 1948, it was developed as such by residential developer Fritz B. Burns and industrialist Henry J. Kaiser.[1] Burns, seeing the tremendous potential fortune that could be made as large numbers of World War II veterans came home and started families, teamed up with Kaiser in 1945 to form Kaiser Community Homes. The vast majority of the houses were bought with loans issued by the FHA or the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, better known as the G.I. Bill. Homes in the area were sold with racially discriminatory covenants. A "Conditions, Covenants, Restrictions" document filed with the county recorder declared that no Panorama City lot could be "used or occupied by any person whose blood is not entirely that of the white or Caucasian race."[2] Such restrictive covenants, which sometimes also limited ownership to people "of the Christian faith", were common in many communities at the time, and although rendered legally unenforceable by the Civil Rights Act of 1968 they may still be found on some older property deeds. De facto integration was accelerated by the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977. The CRA-insured credit was provided to the entire community without regard to race or income, causing white flight as with many other areas of the San Fernando Valley.[3] During the period of desegregation busing, Panorama City was exempted due to its diversity.{{cn|date=May 2018}} In its history, Panorama City was once adjacent to General Motors'[1] largest assembly plant to date{{cn|date=August 2018}}. Today, the Van Nuys Assembly plant has been replaced with a large shopping center named The Plant, which includes stores and restaurants such as Regency Theatres, Ross, Babies "R" Us, The Home Depot, Hometown Buffet, Blaze Pizza, In-N-Out Burger, Starbucks Coffee and others. GeographyPanorama City touches Mission Hills on the north, Arleta on the northeast, Sun Valley on the east, Valley Glen on the southeast, Van Nuys on the south and North Hills on the west.[4] For the most part, the community is a mixture of small single-family homes and low-rise apartment buildings.{{cn|date=May 2018}} DemographicsThe 2010 U.S. census counted 69,817 residents in the city’s 91402 ZIP code. The median age was 30.1, and the median yearly household income at that time was USD$41,467.[5] In 2008, the Los Angeles Times Mapping L.A. project described Panorama City as an area that was "moderately diverse" ethnically, with a high percentage of Latinos and a significant population of Filipinos. Filipinos and Mexicans were the most common ancestries in the neighborhood. At that time, the breakdown was Latinos, 70.1%; whites, 11.5%; Asians, 11.9%; blacks, 4.3%; and others, 2.2%. Mexico (52.1%) and El Salvador (13.4%) were the most common places of birth for the 55.0% of the residents who were born outside of the United States—a high percentage for Los Angeles.[6] As of the 2010 census, renters were occupying 64.8% of the housing stock, while owners held 35.2%.[5] There were 2,849 families headed by single parents. The rate of 20.2% was considered to be a high one. There were 1,837 veterans, or 4.3% of the population, a low percentage compared to the rest of the city and county.[6] Parks and recreation
Government and infrastructureThe Panorama City Neighborhood Council is a city agency formed by volunteer elected officials and appointed officials. The purpose of the Panorama City Neighborhood Council is to provide an inclusive open forum for public discussion, and to serve as an advisory body on issues of concern to the Panorama City area and in the governance of the city of Los Angeles. The Council gained its official city role upon certification by the Board Of Neighborhood Commissioners on March 15, 2007. Metro and LADOT operates fixed-route transit bus service in Panorama City. Metro Rapid lines 744 & 788 operates on Van Nuys Boulevard. Metro Local lines 152, 158, 166, 167, 169, 233, & 353 operates the community. LADOT operates DASH bus service on their Panorama City/Van Nuys route. In 2027, Metro will open the East San Fernando Valley Transit Corridor light rail project with stations on Van Nuys Boulevard at Nordhoff Street & Roscoe Boulevard. Representation
EducationThirteen percent of Panorama City residents aged 25 and older had earned a four-year degree by 2000, an average percentage for both the city and the county. The percentage of the same-age residents with less than a high school diploma was high for the county.[6][14] Schools within the Panorama City boundaries are:[15] Public
Private
HealthcareKaiser Permanente has a hospital and medical center complex on Woodman Ave. and Roscoe Blvd. serving the central and eastern San Fernando Valley.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} The complex covers three city blocks as a medical campus first opened in 1963. Mission Community Hospital is a private, for-profit hospital owned by Deanco Healthcare located on Roscoe Blvd. serving the neighborhood. Mission Community Hospital features a basic adult Emergency Room, surgical services, an inpatient psychiatric hospital, and inpatient medical services.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} Notable people{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
See also{{Portal|Los Angeles}}
References1. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-ln-panorama-city-quake-building-20160621-snap-story.html |title=Twenty-two years after Northridge quake, hope for a Panorama City neighborhood |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |first=Ileana |last=Najarro |date= July 2, 2016 |access-date=4 July 2016}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1999/sep/04/news/mn-6823| title= Building a 'Future' in 1948| newspaper=Los Angeles Times |first=David |last=Colker |date=September 4, 1999 |access-date=October 21, 2013}} 3. ^{{cite book |title=Popular Culture in the Age of White Flight: Fear and Fantasy in Suburban Los Angeles |last= Avila |first=Eric |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=2004 |publisher=University of California Press |location= |isbn=978-0-520-24121-3 |page=41,235 |pages= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d2SFkv7i6tgC&lpg=PT61&dq=white%20flight%20%22panorama%20city%22&pg=PT61#v=onepage&q=white%20flight%20%22panorama%20city%22&f=false |access-date=October 27, 2009}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/includes/projects/img/mapping_la/mappingla.pdf|title=Colored map|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=Los Angeles Times|access-date=|work=Mapping L.A.}} 5. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/community_facts.xhtml |title=Community Facts |work=American FactFinder |publisher=United States Census Bureau}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://projects.latimes.com/mapping-la/neighborhoods/neighborhood/panorama-city |title=Panorama City |work=Mapping L.A. |publisher=Los Angeles Times}} 7. ^"Panorama Recreation Center." City of Los Angeles. Retrieved on March 20, 2010. 8. ^1 Condon, Lee. "[https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/56722291.html?dids=56722291:56722291&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jul+20%2C+2000&author=LEE+CONDON&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=Destroyed+Rec+Center+Rises+Anew&pqatl=google Destroyed Rec Center Rises Anew]." Los Angeles Times. July 20, 2000. Metro Part B Zones Desk. 1. Retrieved on March 20, 2010. "the Sepulveda Recreation Center in Panorama City." 9. ^1 "Sepulveda Recreation Center." City of Los Angeles. Retrieved on March 20, 2010. 10. ^"Sepulveda Pool." City of Los Angeles. Retrieved on March 20, 2010. 11. ^"Mid-Valley Senior Citizen Center {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100104080122/http://www.laparks.org/dos/senior/facility/midValleySCC.htm |date=2010-01-04 }}." City of Los Angeles. Retrieved on March 20, 2010. 12. ^http://panoramachamber.com/ 13. ^http://www.panoramacitync.org/ 14. ^"Less Than High School," Mapping L.A., Los Angeles Times 15. ^ "Panorama City: Schools," Mapping L.A., Los Angeles Times 16. ^ GreatSchools.com 17. ^{{cite journal | title = Biography of Jose Benavidez jr. | journal = Top Rank | date = | first = Saul | last = Mier | id = | url = http://www.toprank.com/ViewArticle.dbml?SPID=73995&DB_LANG=C&DB_OEM_ID=23700&ATCLID=204921265&Q_SEASON=2010 | accessdate = | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110717075223/http://www.toprank.com/ViewArticle.dbml?SPID=73995&DB_LANG=C&DB_OEM_ID=23700&ATCLID=204921265&Q_SEASON=2010 | archivedate = 2011-07-17 | df = }} 18. ^{{cite book |last=Mansour |first=David |title=From Abba to Zoom |publisher=Andrews McMeel Publishing, LLC |date=May 2005 |page=64 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hK0rPUF85loC&pg=PA64&dq=kirk+cameron+October+12,+1970 |isbn=978-0-7407-5118-9}} 19. ^{{cite web| url= http://www.filmreference.com/film/12/Candace-Cameron-Bure.html|title=Candace Cameron Bure Biography (1976-1876) |publisher= filmreference.com| accessdate= 2008-12-08}} 20. ^{{cite web|last1=Plume|first1=Kenneth|title=Interview with Terry Gilliam (Part 1 of 4) - IGN|url=http://www.ign.com/articles/2000/11/15/interview-with-terry-gilliam-part-1-of-4|website=www.ign.com|publisher=Ziff Davis, LLC|accessdate=January 2, 2016|ref=IGN}} 21. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.dallasblack.com/entertainment/interviewmeagangood|title=DallasBlack.com: Interview: Meagan Good|accessdate=|work=DallasBlack.com|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090123063714/http://www.dallasblack.com/entertainment/interviewmeagangood|archivedate=2009-01-23|df=}} 22. ^Ophronia Scott-Gregory and Monica Rizzo, "To Bell and Back," People, October 12, 1988 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141109034916/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20197053,00.html |date=November 9, 2014 }} 23. ^Marcus Hopson. florida.arrests.org 24. ^{{cite web | title = Mike Shinoda: Biography | url = {{Allmusic|class=artist|id=p388572|pure_url=yes}} | work = AllMusic | first = Corey | last = Apar}} 25. ^ESPN 26. ^ 27. ^ESPN External links{{commons category|Panorama City, Los Angeles}}
| Centre = Panorama City | North = Mission Hills & San Fernando | Northeast = Arleta, Pacoima & Hansen Dam | East = Sun Valley | Southeast = Valley Glen & North Hollywood | South = Van Nuys | Southwest = Van Nuys & Sepulveda Dam | West = North Hills & Northridge | Northwest = Granada Hills }}{{Los Angeles San Fernando Valley}}{{Los Angeles}} 5 : Panorama City, Los Angeles|Neighborhoods in Los Angeles|Communities in the San Fernando Valley|1948 establishments in California|Populated places established in 1948 |
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