“Avon Tyrrell”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Avon Tyrrell is an historic manor within the parish of Sopley, Hampshire. It is situated within the New Forest, near Christchurch. The present manor house was built in 1891 by John Manners-Sutton, 3rd Baron Manners (1852–1927).

History

At some time after the Norman Conquest of 1066 and after the compilation of the Domesday Book of 1086,^[1] the manor of Avon, in the New Forest, a royal hunting forest, was held by the Peverell family, which held it until the mid-14th century. In 1363 Sir Henry Peverell died seised of the nearby manor of Milton, leaving a son and heir Thomas Peverell, who in 1365 granted it to Sir Thomas Tyrrell.^[2] Thenceforth Avon and Milton descended in the Tyrrell family. Members of this family included:

Although the Tyrrell family was not connected with the manor until the mid-14th century, legend has connected the name with the 11th century Norman Walter Tirel, who in the New Forest in 1100 accidentally shot dead with an arrow King William II (1087–1100). The legend states that Tirel fled, fearing being accused of murder and regicide, and crossed the River Avon at a ford in this location, known as Tyrrell's Ford.

In 1602 the manor of Avon Tyrrell was sold by his descendant John Tyrrell to Bennett Wynchecombe and Giles Tooker, who sold it to Sir John Webb, 1st Baronet (d.1680),^[3] of Odstock, Wiltshire (created a baronet in 1644), son of Sir John Webb, knight, of Odstock and of Great Canford, Dorset, by his second wife Catharine Tresham, daughter of Sir Thomas Tresham, of Rushton, Northamptonshire.^[4] His descendant Sir John Webb, 5th Baronet (d.1797) sold it to Edward Buckley Batson, a banker, and Stanlake Batson.^[5] The heir of Stanlake Batson was his sister Anne Batson, wife of Henry Fane (1739-1802), MP, of Fulbeck Hall, Lincolnshire, the second son of Thomas Fane, 8th Earl of Westmorland (1701–1771).^[5] Avon Tyrrell was inherited by her second son Rev. Edward Fane, and passed to his eldest son Lt Col. Henry Hamlyn-Fane (1817–1868), whose mural monument is in Clovelly Church, who married Susan Hester Hamlyn-Williams, the heiress of Clovelly in Devon, and who adopted the additional surname "Hamlyn". in 1912 Avon Tyrrell was the property of one of his daughters Miss Eveline Harriet Hamlyn-Fane,^[5] and passed to Eveline's sister Constance Hamlyn-Fane, wife of John Manners-Sutton, 3rd Baron Manners (1852–1927). Lady Manner's childless sister Christine Hamlyn had inherited Clovelly, and had intended to bequeath it to her eldest niece Mary Christine Manners, who unexpectedly died at the age of 17. She thus left it instead to Mary's younger sister Betty Constance Manners, wife of Arthur Asquith, 3rd son of the Prime Minister Herbert Henry Asquith, 1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith (1852–1928).^[6] The 3rd Baron Manners won the 1882 Grand National as owner, trainer and rider of his horse Seaman, for which triple feat he won a large sum from a wager, and in 1891 used the proceeds to rebuild Avon Tyrrell House, to the design of the architect W. R. Lethaby.^[7] The house is now a grade I listed building considered to be one of the archetypal Arts & Crafts buildings.^[8] His eldest son Francis Manners, 4th Baron Manners (1897–1972) inherited Avon Tyrrell. It was requisitioned by the government during World War II and the family decided not to return to it after the war (in 1968 the residence of the 4th Baron was nearby Tyrrell's Ford, Christchurch, Hampshire^[9]). In 1949 it was donated by the 4th Baron to a charitable trust, the "National Association of Girls' Clubs and Mixed Clubs". In 2014 it is still in use as the headquarters of UK Youth, a national youth work charity and activity centre.

References

1. ^Peverell was not the tenant of Avon in the Domesday Book of 1086
2. ^Victoria County History, Hampshire, Milton
3. ^Victoria County History, Hampshire, Volume 5, London, 1912, pp.127-132, Parishes: Sopley
4. ^http://www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk
5. ^¹²Victoria County History
6. ^Lauder, Rosemary, Devon Families, Tiverton, 2002, pp. 131–136, Rous of Clovelly
7. ^Further reading: Country Life Magazine, June 11th 1910, main article: Avon Tyrrell, Christchurch in Hampshire, The Seat of Lord Manners
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-143761-avon-tyrrell-house-sopley|title=Avon Tyrrell House|page=|date=|work=|publisher=British Listed Buildings|accessdate=6 June 2011}}
9. ^Debrett's Peerage, 1968, p.737