| 释义 |
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{{italic title}}{{Taxobox
| name = Azadinium spinosum
| image_caption =
| domain = Eukaryota
| unranked_regnum = SAR
| unranked_superphylum = Alveolata
| phylum = Dinoflagellata
| classis = Dinophyceae
| ordo = incertae sedis
| familia = Amphidomataceae
| genus = Azadinium
| species = A. spinosum
| binomial = Azadinium spinosum
| binomial_authority = Elbrächter et Tillmann
}}Azadinium spinosum is a species of dinoflagellates that produces azaspiracid toxins (toxins associated with shellfish poisoning),[1] particularly AZA 1, AZA 2 and an isomer of AZA 2.[2]DescriptionIt measures 12–16 µm in length and 7–11 µm wide, is a peridinin-containing photosynthetic dinoflagellate with a thin theca. Its large nucleus is spherical and present posteriorly, whereas its single chloroplast is parietal, lobed, and extends into the epi- and hyposome.[2] References1. ^{{cite journal|last1=Salas|first1=Rafael|last2=Tillmann|first2=Urban|last3=John|first3=Uwe|last4=Kilcoyne|first4=Jane|last5=Burson|first5=Amanda|last6=Cantwell|first6=Caoimhe|last7=Hess|first7=Philipp|last8=Jauffrais|first8=Thierry|last9=Silke|first9=Joe|title=The role of Azadinium spinosum (Dinophyceae) in the production of azaspiracid shellfish poisoning in mussels|journal=Harmful Algae|volume=10|issue=6|year=2011|pages=774–783|issn=1568-9883|doi=10.1016/j.hal.2011.06.010}}
2. ^1 {{cite journal|last1=Tillmann|first1=Urban|last2=Elbrächter|first2=Malte|last3=Krock|first3=Bernd|last4=John|first4=Uwe|last5=Cembella|first5=Allan|title=Azadinium spinosumgen. et sp. nov. (Dinophyceae) identified as a primary producer of azaspiracid toxins|journal=European Journal of Phycology|volume=44|issue=1|year=2009|pages=63–79|issn=0967-0262|doi=10.1080/09670260802578534}}
Further reading- {{cite journal|last1=Jauffrais|first1=Thierry|last2=Kilcoyne|first2=Jane|last3=Séchet|first3=Véronique|last4=Herrenknecht|first4=Christine|last5=Truquet|first5=Philippe|last6=Hervé|first6=Fabienne|last7=Bérard|first7=Jean Baptiste|last8=Nulty|first8=Cíara|last9=Taylor|first9=Sarah|last10=Tillmann|first10=Urban|last11=Miles|first11=Christopher O.|last12=Hess|first12=Philipp|title=Production and Isolation of Azaspiracid-1 and -2 from Azadinium spinosum Culture in Pilot Scale Photobioreactors|journal=Marine Drugs|volume=10|issue=12|year=2012|pages=1360–1382|issn=1660-3397|doi=10.3390/md10061360|pmid=22822378}}
- {{cite journal|last1=Jauffrais|first1=Thierry|last2=Contreras|first2=Andrea|last3=Herrenknecht|first3=Christine|last4=Truquet|first4=Philippe|last5=Séchet|first5=Véronique|last6=Tillmann|first6=Urban|last7=Hess|first7=Philipp|title=Effect of Azadinium spinosum on the feeding behaviour and azaspiracid accumulation of Mytilus edulis|journal=Aquatic Toxicology|volume=124-125|year=2012|pages=179–187|issn=0166-445X|doi=10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.08.016|pmid=22982497}}
- {{cite journal|last1=Jauffrais|first1=Thierry|last2=Herrenknecht|first2=Christine|last3=Séchet|first3=Véronique|last4=Sibat|first4=Manoella|last5=Tillmann|first5=Urban|last6=Krock|first6=Bernd|last7=Kilcoyne|first7=Jane|last8=Miles|first8=Christopher O.|last9=McCarron|first9=Pearse|last10=Amzil|first10=Zouher|last11=Hess|first11=Philipp|title=Quantitative analysis of azaspiracids in Azadinium spinosum cultures|journal=Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry|volume=403|issue=3|year=2012|pages=833–846|issn=1618-2642|doi=10.1007/s00216-012-5849-2|pmid=22367288}}
- {{cite journal|last1=Tillmann|first1=Urban|last2=Elbraechter|first2=Malte|title=Cell division in Azadinium spinosum (Dinophyceae)|journal=Botanica Marina|date=August 1, 2013|volume=56|issue=4|pages=399–408|doi=10.1515/bot-2013-0022}}
External links- {{EOL|8635212|Azadinium spinosum}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q18355731}}{{dinoflagellate-stub}} 1 : Dinophyceae |