| 词条 | Paradox (warez) |
| 释义 |
| name = PARADOX Team | bgcolor = | fgcolor = | image = Paradox crack.jpg | image_border = | size = 180px | alt = Paradox Crack | caption = | map = | msize = | malt = | mcaption = | map2 = | abbreviation = | motto = | predecessor = | successor = | formation = {{start date and age|1989}} | extinction = | type = | status = | purpose = Quality deprotections / Demo | headquarters = | location = | coords = | region_served = | membership = | language = | general = | leader_title = Origin | leader_name = | leader_title2 = Platforms | leader_name2 = | leader_title3 = Founders | leader_name3 = Bad Boy BlackHawk Olivier Stinger (Exit) Clash | leader_title4 = Products | leader_name4 = | key_people = | main_organ = | parent_organization = | affiliations = | budget = | num_staff = | num_volunteers = | website = [https://web.archive.org/web/20070106101825/http://www.paradogs.com/ www.paradogs.com] (via Internet Archive) | remarks = | former name = }}PARADOX (PDX) is a warez–demogroup; an anonymous group of software engineers that devise ways to defeat software and video game licensing protections, a process known as cracking, which is illegal in most jurisdictions. They distribute cracks (software patches), keygens (key generators), and pre-cracked versions of entire programs. Over the years, distribution methods have changed, starting out with physically transported floppy disks and BBS distribution. Today most of their files reach the public over various peer-to-peer file networks.[1] Paradox was originally formed in late 1989 by members of the Danish group Trilogy (Bad Boy, Black Hawk, Tas, Pcsu, QRD) and the French group M.A.D (Olivier, Stinger, The Surge, Clash, Tagada). They began by cracking Amiga software. The group died in 1991 when the most active members joined Quartex. It was reborn under the leadership of 'Maximilien' in 1993, with ex-Quartex members Black Hawk and Paragon as co-founders. Then it moved into the Sega Genesis and SNES console scenes. They started cracking PC software in 1994. At the end of 2000, they cracked PlayStation game Year of the Dragon (although the game's protection was initially not fully defeated, resulting in certain deliberately-programmed "glitches" to appear), which was famous for very strong crack-protection, programmed by Insomniac Games.[2] Two months later, they released the full working version of the NTSC and the PAL one. In 2001, they released their last cracked game for PlayStation, and it was the popular video game Final Fantasy IX. In 2002, the team recruited computer black hat Evilgood, who is alleged{{By whom|date=November 2010}} to be one of the most qualified crackers of the time. His identity is still unknown. They have cracked games for other consoles and hand-held devices like the PlayStation, PlayStation 2, PlayStation Portable, Dreamcast, Nintendo 64, Nintendo GameCube, Wii, and Xbox.[3] Paradox has been noted to crack challenging dongle protections on many debugging and software development programs. The team also successfully found a method of bypassing activation in Windows Vista.[4] This was accomplished by emulating an OEM machine's BIOS-embedded licensing information and installing an OEM license.[5] However, with Windows Vista Service Pack 1, this crack no longer works correctly. Paradox was first to release SLIC 2.1 details and a working crack for Windows 7.[6] Demoparty awards
Raids and arrestsOne of their members going by the alias 'Rokman' was arrested in 1990 for using stolen credit card numbers to make $1 million in long distance calls to other Paradox members for the purpose of file transfers.[10] Nearly all Quartex members in France, including Olivier, Clash and Tagada, were busted in 1991 in the Blue Box affair. Max 'MAXiMiLiEN' Louarn was arrested in the Nintendo copiers affair in 1993[11] and was held in preventive custody for three weeks before fleeing to Spain. Less than one year later, in 1994, Secret Service agents caught him while on trip to Washington in a vast calling card fraud affair.[12] He was sentenced to 5 years and 8 months by a US court.[13][14][15] Another of their members, alias 'tyson', was raided in 2001 as part of Operation Buccaneer.[16] See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://svenskefaen.no/cdne/ch5web.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030214104146/http://svenskefaen.no/cdne/ch5web.htm |dead-url=yes |archive-date=14 February 2003 |title=SUBCULTURE OF THE SUBCULTURES |date=2011-07-25 |accessdate=2012-09-18 |df= }} 2. ^{{cite web|author=Dodd, Gavin |url=http://www.gamedevelopment.com/features/20011017/dodd_01.htm |title=Keeping the Pirates at Bay: Implementing Crack Protection for Spyro: Year of the Dragon |publisher=Gamasutra |date=2001-10-17 |accessdate=2008-03-28 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5vN0X2AgG?url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/3030/keeping_the_pirates_at_bay.php |archivedate=30 December 2010 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy }} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.aboutthescene.com/general/news/69.html |title=Paradox releases first warez for Wii |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225200919/http://aboutthescene.com/general/news/69.html |archivedate=2009-02-25}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.afterdawn.com/news/archive/8854.cfm |title=Paradox beats Vista activation |publisher=AfterDawn |date=2007-03-03 |accessdate=2012-09-18}} 5. ^{{cite news| url=http://apcstart.com/5512/pirate_crack_vista_oem_activation| title=It's official: Pirates crack Vista at last| date=4 March 2007| first=James| last=Bannan| publisher=APC Magazine| accessdate=2007-03-04| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070306081154/http://apcstart.com/5512/pirate_crack_vista_oem_activation| archivedate=6 March 2007| df=dmy-all}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mydigitallife.info/2009/07/29/windows-7-ultimate-cracked-and-activated-permanently-with-oem-slp-master-product-key-with-slic-2-1/ |title=Windows 7 Ultimate Cracked and Activated Permanently with OEM SLP Master Product Key (with SLIC 2.1) « My Digital Life |publisher=Mydigitallife.info |date= |accessdate=2012-09-18}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.euskal.org/euskal9/english/scene/results.html |title=EUSKAL 9 |publisher=Euskal.org |date= |accessdate=2012-09-18}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pouet.net/results.php?which=33&when=94 |title=Suturne 1993 Results |publisher=pouët.net |accessdate=2012-09-18 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025085054/http://www.pouet.net/results.php?which=33&when=94 |archivedate=25 October 2012 |df=dmy }} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pouet.net/party.php?which=512&when=1990 |title=Alcatraz Pentcost 1990 |publisher=pouët.net |accessdate=2012-09-18}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0NEW/is_1990_Oct_19/ai_9589947 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070513201648/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0NEW/is_1990_Oct_19/ai_9589947 |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2007-05-13 |title=Paradox member arrested in New York State}} - archived version of 1990 Washington Post article 11. ^{{cite web |first=Gérard |last=Petitjean |url=http://hebdo.nouvelobs.com/hebdo/parution/p19950112/articles/a53761-supermario_et_les_pirates.html |title=Super-Mario et les pirates |publisher=Le Nouvel Observateur |date=1995-01-12 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081031173833/http://hebdo.nouvelobs.com/hebdo/parution/p19950112/articles/a53761-supermario_et_les_pirates.html |archivedate=2008-10-31}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.allbusiness.com/legal/litigation/617330-1.html |title=The ring leader |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101012224020/http://www.allbusiness.com/legal/litigation/617330-1.html |archivedate=2010-10-12 |date=1997-04-01 |last=Noland |first=Terrance |publisher=Business North Carolina |quote=Secret Service agents in Washington nabbed Frenchman Max Louarn in a sting for another calling-card scheme. }} {{cite web |url=http://www.cyberwarzone.com/cyberwarfare/ringleader-kim-owner-megaupload-involved-calling-card-fraud-investigation-nineties |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-12-10 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525141536/http://cyberwarzone.com/cyberwarfare/ringleader-kim-owner-megaupload-involved-calling-card-fraud-investigation-nineties |archivedate=25 May 2013 |df=dmy-all }} 13. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=A-cyAAAAIBAJ&sjid=vgcGAAAAIBAJ&pg=6788%2C2465603 |date=1995-02-13 |title=Phone card scam figure sentenced |newspaper=The Free Lance-Star}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-820723.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924200930/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-820723.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2015-09-24 |title=Hacker Sentenced |publisher=The Washington Post |date=1995-02-12}} 15. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.justice.gov/usao/eousa/foia_reading_room/usab4304.pdf |title=Telecommunications Fraud Leader Sentenced}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://cdn.preterhuman.net/texts/underground/paraZite.org.2006.10.13/scenebusts72.htm |title=Scene Busts |date= |accessdate=2012-09-18}} External links
2 : Organizations established in 1989|Warez groups |
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