词条 | Parallelism (grammar) | ||||||||
释义 |
In grammar, parallelism, also known as parallel structure or parallel construction, is a balance within one or more sentences of similar phrases or clauses that have the same grammatical structure.[1] The application of parallelism affects readability and may make texts easier to process.[2] Parallelism may be accompanied by other figures of speech such as antithesis, anaphora, asyndeton, climax, epistrophe, and symploce.[3] ExamplesCompare the following examples:
All of the above examples are grammatically correct, even if they lack parallelism: "cooking", "jogging", and "to read" are all grammatically valid conclusions to "She likes", for instance. The first nonparallel example has a mix of gerunds and infinitives. To make it parallel, the sentence can be rewritten with all gerunds or all infinitives. The second example pairs a gerund with a regular noun. Parallelism can be achieved by converting both terms to gerunds or to infinitives. The final phrase of the third example does not include a definite location, such as "across the yard" or "over the fence"; rewriting to add one completes the sentence's parallelism. In rhetoric{{see|Parallelism (rhetoric)}}Parallelism is often used as a rhetorical device. Examples:
See also
References1. ^Gary Blake and Robert W. Bly, The Elements of Technical Writing, pg. 71. New York: Macmillan Publishers, 1993. {{ISBN|0020130856}} 2. ^For the point about processing, see Carlson, Katy. Parallelism and Prosody in the Processing of Ellipsis Sentences. Routledge, 2002, [https://books.google.com/books?id=lIJ7quEJl8gC&pg=PA4 pp. 4–6]. 3. ^[https://www.winstonchurchill.org/resources/quotes/vice-of-capitalism/ "Vice of Capitalism"]. International Churchill Society. Retrieved 15 January 2018. 4. ^1 2 3 "Rhetorical Figures in Sound: Parallelism". American Rhetoric. [https://archive.is/WFQ3l Archived] from the original on 15 January 2018. External links
2 : Grammar|Rhetoric |
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