| 词条 | Basic income in Japan |
| 释义 |
}}Basic income refers to a social welfare system where all citizens or residents of a country receive an unconditional lump sum income, meaning an income that is not based on need (i.e. it is not means tested). The proposal has been debated in a number of countries in recent years, including Japan.[1] (See the Wikipedia Article Basic income around the world for comparative discussion). According to [https://researchmap.jp/read0132317/?lang=english Hirano Hiroya] of Mejiro University, the growing debate is understandable, as social exclusion, precarity in the labor market and poverty have increased in recent decades.[2] Indeed, the state welfare system in Japan developed quite late and is still considerably less generous than in Europe, with the state playing a much smaller role in welfare provision and families, local communities and corporations play a larger role.[3] In response to the combined effects of automation and job uncertainty, two political parties support basic income: New Party Nippon and the Green Party of Japan. Japanese academics arguing for basic income include [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Toru_Yamamori2 Toru Yamamori] of Doshisha University and Hiroya Hirano of Nihon Fukushi University. Ronald Dore, a British sociologist specializing in the Japanese welfare state, has also been engaged in the basic income debate for many years, arguing for its implementation. The main organization promoting basic income in Japan is BIEN Japan, which is part of the Basic Income Earth Network (BIEN).[4] History (year by year)
References1. ^{{cite web |title=BIEN: National Affiliates |url=https://basicincome.org/about-bien/affiliates/ |website=www.basicincome.org |publisher=Basic Income Earth Network |accessdate=4 October 2018}} 2. ^Hiroya, Hirano The Potential of introducing Basic Income for the“New Public Commons” in Japan: A Road to Associational Welfare State? (read February 5, 2013) 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4NgkrTBXuKEC|title=One World of Welfare: Japan in Comparative Perspective|first=Gregory James|last=Kasza|date=1 January 2006|publisher=Cornell University Press|accessdate=19 August 2016|via=Google Books}} 4. ^{{cite web |last1=Yamamori |first1=Dr Toru |title=BIEN Japan |url=https://tyamamor.doshisha.ac.jp/bienj/bienj_top.html |website=tyamamor.doshisha.ac.jp |publisher=Dr Toru Yamamori |accessdate=4 October 2018}} 5. ^USBIG NEWSLETTER VOL. 5, nr. 29, sept-okt 2004 6. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www1.doshisha.ac.jp/~tyamamor/bijnenglish.html|title=Introduction for Basic Income|last=Yamamori|first=Toru|date=|website=www1.doshisha.ac.jp|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-01-28}} 7. ^Japan party that endorses basic income has a new political platform 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.palgrave.com/page/detail/basic-income-in-japan-yannick-vanderborght/?K=9781137356574|title=Basic Income in Japan - Prospects for a Radical - Y. Vanderborght - Palgrave Macmillan|publisher=|accessdate=19 August 2016}} 9. ^Tokyo, Japan: Thinking about Basic Income Basicincome.org February 24, 2015 (read April 21, 2015) 10. ^AI and Basic income. Basic Income News, maj 2016. 11. ^{{cite web |last1=Yamamori |first1=Toru |title=Japan: National TV will show a short program about UBI on 27th July |url=https://basicincome.org/news/2017/07/japan-national-tv-will-show-short-program-ubi-27th-july/ |website=www.basicincome.org |publisher=Basic Income Earth Network (BIEN) |accessdate=4 October 2018}} External links
2 : Basic income by country and region|Economy of Japan |
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