“Bataidari system”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The system was prevalent during British Raj in many parts of India, including fertile plains of Punjab, in other places the jotedar system was prevalent. Since more of the tenants were poor labourer they had to borrow money from money lenders for cultivation, this perpetuated the poverty cycle.^[5] Though land reforms were implement across Bihar after independence through the Bataidari Act, but deemed exploitative against labourer and lead to violence, especially caste violence between labour communities and landowners.^[6]^[7] In the past, landforms have been demanded and even made a political plank in state assembly elections, especially by Left parties.^[2]

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.epw.in/web-exclusives/nitish-kumars-honourable-exit-brief-history-caste-politics.html |title=Nitish Kumar's Honourable Exit: A brief history of caste politics|publisher= Economic and Political Weekly|date= |accessdate=2013-07-01}}
2. ^¹{{cite web|author=Arun Kumar |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-10-11/patna/28268572_1_cpi-ml-land-reforms-vijaykant-thakur |title=Land reforms, bataidari' tops Left agenda |publisher=The Times Of India |date=2010-10-11 |accessdate=2013-07-01}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-05-31/india/28291828_1_bjp-ministers-bihar-bjp-bjp-office |title=Bihar BJP chief banks on Nitish for smooth seat-sharing talks |publisher==The Times Of India |date=2010-05-31 |accessdate=2013-07-01}}
4. ^{{cite book|author=Sita Ram Singh|title=Land Reforms And Farm Diversity|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uV-QYlm9FEQC&pg=PA81|accessdate=1 July 2013|date=1 January 2005|publisher=APH Publishing|isbn=978-81-7648-838-9|pages=81–82}}
5. ^{{cite book|author=Binay Bhushan Chaudhuri.|title=Peasant History of Late Pre-colonial and Colonial India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ljmIJySEm4UC&pg=PA614|accessdate=1 July 2013|year=2008|publisher=Pearson Education India|isbn=978-81-317-1688-5|pages=614–}}
6. ^{{cite book|author=Anil Kant Mishra|title=Rural Tension In India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rPWPT6Fr9QEC&pg=PA80|accessdate=1 July 2013|date=1 January 1998|publisher=Discovery Publishing House|isbn=978-81-7141-416-1|pages=80–}}
7. ^{{cite book|author=Kedar Nath Prasad|title=Dimensions of Development: Agriculture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fYi8ynhlj1IC&pg=PA378|accessdate=1 July 2013|date=1 January 1998|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|isbn=978-81-7022-741-0|pages=378–}}

History

See also

References