| 词条 | Battle of Aksu (717) |
| 释义 |
| image= Transoxiana 8th century.svg | image_size = 280 |conflict=Battle of Aksu |date=717 AD[1][2] |place=Xinjiang Region, Aksu and Uch Turfan |result= Tang Chinese victory |combatant1=Tang Dynasty Karluk protectorates Western Turks |combatant2=Umayyad Caliphate Tibetan Empire Turgesh allies[3] |commander1= Tang Jiahui Ashina Xin[3]{{dubious|Ashina Xin might be too young to be a commander by 717|date=March 2017}} Ashina Xian[3] |commander2= Al-Yashkuri, (Arab Umayyad commander)[4] Turgesh Khan Suluk.[5][6] |strength1= Unknown |strength2= Unknown |casualties1= Light |casualties2= Heavy |}}{{Campaignbox Muslim conquest of Transoxiana}} The Battle of Aksu was fought between Arabs of the Umayyad Caliphate and their Turgesh and Tibetan Empire allies against the Tang dynasty of China. In 717 AD, the Arabs guided by their Turgesh allies besieged Buat-ɦuɑn (Aksu) and Dai-dʑiᴇk-dʑiᴇŋ (Uqturpan) in the Aksu region of Xinjiang. Tang troops backed by their protectorates in the region attacked and routed the besieging Arabs forcing them to retreat.[3] LocationThe battle took place somewhere in the Xinjiang region near China's border with Kyrgyzstan.[3] BackgroundThe first encounter between the Tang Chinese and the Umayyad Arabs had occurred in 715 AD when Ikhshid, the king of Fergana Valley, was deposed with the help of the Arabs of the Umayyad Caliphate and a new king Alutar was installed on the throne. The deposed king fled to Kucha (seat of Anxi Protectorate), and sought Chinese intervention. The Chinese sent 10,000 troops under Zhang Xiaosong to Ferghana. He defeated Alutar and the Arab occupation force at Namangan and reinstalled Ikhshid on the throne.[7] In 717 AD the Arabs attacked Transoxiana again hoping to capture the Tang dynasty's Four Garrisons of Anxi district.[7] BattleIn 717 AD, the Umayyad Arabs along with their Turgesh and Tibetan allies besieged two cities in the Aksu region which was under Chinese protection. The commander of China's four Anxi garrisons in Central Asia, Tang Jiahui, sent two armies: one composed of Tang irregular troops led by Jiahui himself and other composed of Karluk horsemen led by Ashina Xin.[7] In the resulting battle, Arab army was heavily defeated and forced to retreat. Many Arab troops were taken prisoner but were subsequently released after the Caliphate paid a ransom in gold for their release. AftermathAs a result of the battle, the Arabs were expelled from Northern Transoxiana. The Turgesh submitted to the Tang and subsequently attacked the Arabs in Ferghana. For their loyalty, the Tang emperor conferred imperial titles on the Turgesh khagan Suluk and awarded him the city of Suyab.[8] With Chinese backing, the Turgesh launched punitive attacks into Arab territory eventually wresting all of Ferghana from the Arabs with the exception of a few forts. References1. ^{{cite book|author=Insight Guides|title=Insight Guides Silk Road|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X4mPDgAAQBAJ&pg=PT120&dq=715+Alutar+Ikhshid&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiI3vzSqf7ZAhXMUlAKHT9hDJkQ6AEIJzAA|date=1 April 2017|publisher=APA|isbn=978-1-78671-699-6|pages=}} 2. ^{{cite book|author=Marvin C. Whiting|title=Imperial Chinese Military History: 8000 BC-1912 AD|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JJQiAz3qTCgC&pg=PA277&dq=aksu+717&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjFwZy0qP7ZAhUDb1AKHfnVD-EQ6AEIajAJ|year=2002|publisher=iUniverse|isbn=978-0-595-22134-9|pages=277–}} 3. ^Section 221 (Section 27 of the Chapter Records of Tang) of Zizhi Tongjian 4. ^{{cite book|author=Christopher I. Beckwith|title=The Tibetan Empire in Central Asia: A History of the Struggle for Great Power Among Tibetans, Turks, Arabs, and Chinese During the Early Middle Ages|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oeI9DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA88&dq=aksu+717&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjFwZy0qP7ZAhUDb1AKHfnVD-EQ6AEIYjAI|date=28 March 1993|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=0-691-02469-3|pages=88–89}} 5. ^{{cite book|author=René Grousset|title=The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CHzGvqRbV_IC&pg=PA114&dq=aksu+717&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjFwZy0qP7ZAhUDb1AKHfnVD-EQ6AEIJzAA|year=1970|publisher=Rutgers University Press|isbn=978-0-8135-1304-1|pages=114–}} 6. ^{{cite book|author=Jonathan Karam Skaff|title=Sui-Tang China and Its Turko-Mongol Neighbors: Culture, Power, and Connections, 580-800|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jrv-6_U5gfwC&pg=PA311&dq=aksu+717&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjFwZy0qP7ZAhUDb1AKHfnVD-EQ6AEILzAB|date=6 August 2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-999627-8|pages=311–}} 7. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 *Bai, Shouyi et al. (2003). A History of Chinese Muslim (Vol.2). Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company. {{ISBN|7-101-02890-X}}., pp. 235-236 8. ^Zongzheng, Xue (1992), p. 596-597,669 5 : 710s conflicts|717|Battles involving the Umayyad Caliphate|Battles involving the Tang dynasty|710s in the Umayyad Caliphate |
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