| 词条 | Pasto, Colombia |
| 释义 |
|name = San Juan de Pasto |official_name = San Juan de Pasto |native_name = |nickname = Ciudad Sorpresa (Surprise City) Ciudad Teológica (Theological City) Tierra del Galeras (Galeras's Land) |settlement_type = City |motto = "Muy Noble Y Muy Leal Ciudad de San Juan de Pasto" ("Very Noble and Very Loyal City of San Juan de Pasto) |image_skyline = San Juan de Pasto de noche.jpg | imagesize = 300px |image_flag = Flag of San Juan de Pasto.svg |image_shield = Coat of arms of San Juan de Pasto.png |image_map = Colombia - Nariño - San Juan de Pasto.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location of the municipality and city of Pasto in the Department of Nariño |pushpin_map=Colombia |pushpin_map_caption=Location in Colombia |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{COL}} |subdivision_type1 = Region |subdivision_name1 = Pacific Region/Andes Region |subdivision_type2 = Department |subdivision_name2 = Nariño |government_footnotes = |government_type = Municipality |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Pedro Vicente Obando |established_title = Founding |established_date = 1537 |founder = Sebastián de Belalcázar |established_title2 = Established |established_date2 = June 24, 1539 (Atriz Valley) |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |named_for = Saint John the Baptist |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 1181 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = 26.4 |area_metro_km2 = |population_as_of = 2007 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 480000 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_demonym = Pastuso |timezone = Eastern Time Zone |utc_offset = -05 |coordinates = {{coord|01|12|28|N|77|16|38|W|region:CO_type:city(399723)|display=inline,title}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 2527|postal_code_type = Postal code|postal_code = 520001-520099|area_code = 57 + 2|website = Official website {{es}}|footnotes = }} Pasto, officially San Juan de Pasto ({{IPA-es|saŋ ˈxwan de ˈpasto}}; "Saint John of Pasto"), is the capital of the department of Nariño, in southern Colombia. The city has approximately 500,000 inhabitants and is located in the Atriz Valley on the Andes cordillera, at the foot of the Galeras volcano, at an altitude of 8,290 feet (2,897 m) above sea level.== History ==Pasto refers to the indigenous people who inhabited the region at the arrival of the Spanish conquerors, the Pastos. However, the Atriz Valley was inhabited by the Quillacingas.Pasto was founded in 1537 by the Spanish conquistador Sebastián de Belalcázar. In 1539 another Spanish conquistador Lorenzo de Aldana moved the city to its current location, and established it under the name "San Juan de Pasto". A major contributor to the economy and expansion of Pasto was a man of Italian origin named Guido Bucheli.It has been an administrative, cultural and religious center of the region since colonial times. Because of this, the city is known as the theological city of Colombia. During the Independence Wars against Spain Pasto was a royalist city. Partly due to this political stance, and because of its geographical location, after independence, Pasto remained isolated for a long time from the rest of the Colombia.== Geography =={{wide image|Pano1 peq.jpg|1000px|Overview of Pasto, from the north of the city.}}==Climate==Under the Köppen climate classification, Pasto features an unusual altitude-influenced Warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Csb) that tends to possess the wet season with the southern hemisphere, for example the section of Quito that is south of the equator. Pasto has relatively consistent temperatures throughout the course of the year. Despite the fact that the city is located close to the equator, due to its high altitude, Pasto's average high temperatures typically ranges only between 15 °C and 18 °C while average low temperatures are usually between 9 °C and 11 °C. Pasto averages roughly 800 mm of precipitation annually. {{Weather box|location = Pasto, Colombia (Obonuco) 1981–2010|metric first = Y|single line = y|Jan record high C = 25.2|Feb record high C = 24.7|Mar record high C = 22.0|Apr record high C = 23.1|May record high C = 22.3|Jun record high C = 23.1|Jul record high C = 21.7|Aug record high C = 23.0|Sep record high C = 23.0|Oct record high C = 24.0|Nov record high C = 23.2|Dec record high C = 23.1|year record high C = 25.2|Jan high C = 17.0|Feb high C = 17.2|Mar high C = 17.3|Apr high C = 17.5|May high C = 17.4|Jun high C = 16.8|Jul high C = 16.3|Aug high C = 16.7|Sep high C = 17.5|Oct high C = 17.8|Nov high C = 17.4|Dec high C = 17.3|year high C = 17.2|Jan mean C = 12.9|Feb mean C = 13.1|Mar mean C = 13.1|Apr mean C = 13.3|May mean C = 13.3|Jun mean C = 12.9|Jul mean C = 12.4|Aug mean C = 12.5|Sep mean C = 12.9|Oct mean C = 13.0|Nov mean C = 12.9|Dec mean C = 12.9|year mean C = 12.9|Jan low C = 9.5|Feb low C = 9.6|Mar low C = 9.7|Apr low C = 10.0|May low C = 10.1|Jun low C = 10.0|Jul low C = 9.4|Aug low C = 9.4|Sep low C = 9.3|Oct low C = 9.4|Nov low C = 9.6|Dec low C = 9.6|year low C = 9.6|Jan record low C = 3.5|Feb record low C = 1.0|Mar record low C = 1.3|Apr record low C = 1.2|May record low C = 4.5|Jun record low C = 3.4|Jul record low C = 3.0|Aug record low C = 3.8|Sep record low C = 3.6|Oct record low C = 1.0|Nov record low C = 4.4|Dec record low C = 0.0|year record low C = 0.0|precipitation colour = green|Jan precipitation mm = 69.1|Feb precipitation mm = 65.7|Mar precipitation mm = 81.1|Apr precipitation mm = 87.1|May precipitation mm = 77.6|Jun precipitation mm = 44.7|Jul precipitation mm = 32.8|Aug precipitation mm = 25.0|Sep precipitation mm = 63.9|Oct precipitation mm = 95.5|Nov precipitation mm = 101.1|Dec precipitation mm = 82.9|year precipitation mm = 826.4|unit precipitation days = |Jan precipitation days = 17|Feb precipitation days = 16|Mar precipitation days = 19|Apr precipitation days = 20|May precipitation days = 20|Jun precipitation days = 17|Jul precipitation days = 15|Aug precipitation days = 14|Sep precipitation days = 14|Oct precipitation days = 17|Nov precipitation days = 19|Dec precipitation days = 20|year precipitation days = 206|Jan humidity = 82|Feb humidity = 81|Mar humidity = 83|Apr humidity = 82|May humidity = 81|Jun humidity = 79|Jul humidity = 77|Aug humidity = 74|Sep humidity = 75|Oct humidity = 79|Nov humidity = 83|Dec humidity = 83|year humidity = 80|Jan sun = 111.6|Feb sun = 87.6|Mar sun = 83.7|Apr sun = 84.0|May sun = 93.0|Jun sun = 102.0|Jul sun = 111.6|Aug sun = 111.6|Sep sun = 99.0|Oct sun = 102.3|Nov sun = 105.0|Dec sun = 108.5|year sun = 1199.9|Jand sun = 3.6|Febd sun = 3.1|Mard sun = 2.7|Aprd sun = 2.8|Mayd sun = 3.0|Jund sun = 3.4|Juld sun = 3.6|Augd sun = 3.6|Sepd sun = 3.3|Octd sun = 3.3|Novd sun = 3.5|Decd sun = 3.5|yeard sun = 3.3|source 1 = Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales{{cite web | url = http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios+Climatol%C3%B3gicos++1981+-+2010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160815025712/http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios+Climatol%C3%B3gicos++1981+-+2010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128| archivedate = 15 August 2016| title = Promedios Climatológicos 1981–2010| publisher = Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales| language = Spanish| accessdate = 16 August 2016}} 2. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios+Climatol%C3%B3gicos++1971+-+2000.xlsx/7358269a-2856-442c-8d41-fe076f0361af| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160815030409/http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios+Climatol%C3%B3gicos++1971+-+2000.xlsx/7358269a-2856-442c-8d41-fe076f0361af| archivedate = 15 August 2016| title = Promedios Climatológicos 1971–2000| publisher = Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales| language = Spanish| accessdate = 16 August 2016}} 3. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.ideam.gov.co/web/tiempo-y-clima/clima| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160815030620/http://www.ideam.gov.co/web/tiempo-y-clima/clima| archivedate = 15 August 2016| title = Tiempo y Clima| publisher = Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales| language = Spanish| accessdate = 16 August 2016}} 4. ^Publicaciones de la Cámara de Comercio de Pasto{{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 5. ^Plan de desarrollo municipal. 2004 – 2007 6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.sanmartin.edu.co/1/category/sede-pasto/|title=SEDE-PASTO Archives - FUNDACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA SAN MARTIN|website=FUNDACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA SAN MARTIN|language=es-CO|access-date=2018-02-08}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.aunar.edu.co/|title=::::CORPORACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA AUTÓNOMA DE NARIÑO:::: AUNAR ::::|website=www.aunar.edu.co|language=es|access-date=2018-02-08}} 8. ^Munoz, Lydia Agnes. History of Pasto Manual, Volume 7. Manual Pasto history. Editor Nariñense Academy of History, 1996. {{ISBN|958-33-3584-3}}, 9789583335846 External links
6 : Pasto, Colombia|Populated places established in 1539|Populated places in the Nariño Department|Municipalities of Nariño Department|Capitals of Colombian departments|1539 establishments in the Spanish Empire |
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