“Bałwan”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Bałwan

释义

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{{For|the film|Balwaan}}Bałwan (Polish); balvan/балван Russian: bolvan/бoлван, archaism for "idol"; Serbian, literally "wood block" or balvan (Kyrgyz) (today, literally indistinguishable from the everyday word for snowman), is an ancient word common to all Slavic languages, describing a statuesque or monolithic depiction or a pillar or a plinth depicting or erected in honor of a deity.^[1] This object was worshipped or constituted a tangible representation of a cult image. The Western Slavs transcribed and pronounced the word as bałwan, which is its contemporary and old Polish lexical manifestation, whereas the Southern Slavs and the Eastern Slavs used the just slightly differently-vowelled bołwan (English pronunciation: BOH-van).^[1]

In the Kyrgyz language of Central Asia, geographically remote from the territories Slavs are today identified with in Europe, balvan is a "strongman" or a hero, whereas in Persian, pahlevān denotes a militant or a veteran, as well as the plinth or boundary marker erected in his or her honor, or even a cairn, and, by extension, a fool.^[1] {{Better source|reason=The similarities between the Slavic Languages and Sanskrit, while certainly notable, is easily explained by their common origin in Proto-Indo-European. The theory that the Sanskrit language for some reason travelled from South Asia to Eastern Europe to eventually serve as the origin of the Slavic languages, passing many other Indo-European languages in the process, clearly did not come from a reputable source.|date=February 2017}} That latter meaning, at first secondary, became primary after Christianity was imposed on the Slavs, making bałwan acquire a distinctly pejorative primary meaning.^[1]{{Better source|date=February 2017}}

Some suggest that the Slavs share throughout their idioms such as they have evolved apart this single entity -- a common term for all cult objects in the form of a statue or cairn -- might suggest that idolatry spread early among the Slavic peoples, perhaps when they came in contact with Turkic peoples or Iranian.^[1]{{Better source|date=February 2017}} A word with similar etymology is the Slavic word for God (when capitalized) or deity, bóg, a cognate of Sanskrit "bhaga"/Iranian or Persian bag. In India the concept of a deity or god is often relayed with the word bhagvan, variously transcribed as bhagwan.^[1]{{Better source|date=February 2017}}

A derived term from bałwan is the Slavic word for idolatry: bałwochwalstwo.^[1]

References

1. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶{{cite book|author=Aleksander Gieysztor|title=Mitologia Słowian|language=pl|location=Warsaw|year=1980|page=186|isbn= 832210152X |quote=This library book source is used in the Polish Wikipedia article, which has been translated in whole on 2015-02-19}}

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Further reading