“Bedrifelek Kadın”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Bedrifelek Kadın ({{Lang-ota|بدر فلك قادین}}; 4 January 1851 – 6 February 1930) was the second wife and chief consort of Sultan Abdul Hamid II of the Ottoman Empire.

Early life

Bedrifelek Kadın was born on 4 January 1851 in Poti, Georgia. She was a member of Natukhai Circassian princely family, House of Kerzedzh ({{Lang-ady|Къэрзэдж}}). Her father was Prince Kerzedzh Mehmed Bey, and her mother was Princess İnal-lpa Faruhan Hanım, an Abkhazian. She had an elder sister, Princess Bezmigül Dilber Hanım, and a younger brother, Prince Kazim Pasha. She was the maternal niece of Sultan Abdulmejid I's wife Şayeste Hanım. She also had three younger half-sisters, Princess Şazıdil Hanım, Princess Nevrestan Hanım and Princess Melekistan Hanım, whose mother was her father's second wife, Melekyar Hanım Vorkoj.{{sfn|Açba|2007|p=124}}

In 1864, during the ethnic cleansing of Circassians, she had been brought to Istanbul as a young child, where her father entrusted her and her sisters to the care of her aunt Şayeste Hanım, where her name according to the custom of the Ottoman court was changed to Bedrifelek.{{sfn|Açba|2007|p=124}}

Marriage

Bedrifelek married Abdul Hamid on 15 November 1868 in the Dolmabahçe Palace. After her marriage, her brother Kazım Pasha was made Sixth Army Cavalry in Baghdad.{{sfn|Açba|2007|p=125}} A year after the marriage, on 11 January 1870, she gave birth to the couple's first child, a son, Şehzade Mehmed Selim,^[1] followed two years later by Zekiye Sultan, born on 21 January 1872.^[2]

After Abdul Hamid's accession to the throne on 31 August 1876,^[3] she was given the title of the "Ikinci Kadın".{{sfn|Sakaoğlu|2008|p=672}}{{sfn|Uluçay|2011|p=246}} The imperial family settled in Yıldız Palace,^[4] where on 11 February 1878, she gave birth to the couple's third child, a son, Şehzade Ahmed Nuri.^[5] In 1895, after the death of Nazikeda Kadın, Bedrifelek became the chief consort, and was given the title of "Baș Kadın".{{sfn|Sakaoğlu|2008|p=672}}{{sfn|Uluçay|2011|p=246}} After Perestu Kadın's death in 1904, she became the principal lady in the imperial harem.{{sfn|Sakaoğlu|2008|p=672}}

On 27 April 1909, Abdul Hamid was deposed, and sent into exile in Salonica.^[6] Bidar didn't followed him, and so remained in Istanbul.{{sfn|Açba|2007|p=125}} After Salonica fell to Greece in 1912, Abdul Hamid returned to Istanbul, and settled in the Beylerbeyi Palace, where he died in 1918.^[7]

Death

After the imperial family was sent into exile in 1924, Bedrifelek settled in a mansion in Serencebey, where she died on 6 February 1930. She was buried in Yahya Efendi cemetery, Istanbul.{{sfn|Açba|2007|p=125-6}}

Titles

Issue

See also

References

1. ^{{cite book|first=John|last=Freely|title=Inside the Seraglio: Private Lives of the Sultans in Istanbul|publisher=Penguin|date=July 1, 2001|pages=287|isbn=}}
2. ^{{cite book|first=Pars|last=Tuğlacı|title=Türkiyeʼde kadın, Volume 3|publisher=Cem Yayınevi|year=1985|pages=331|isbn=}}
3. ^{{cite book|first=Israel Smith|last=Clare|title=Illustrated Universal History: Being a Clear and Concise History of All Nations|publisher=P. W. Ziegler & Company|year=1885|pages=549|isbn=}}
4. ^{{cite book|first=|last=|title=Oriental Gardens: An Illustrated History|publisher=Chronicle Books|year=1992|pages=21|isbn=978-0-811-80132-4}}
5. ^{{cite book|first=Mehmet Sürreya|last=Bey|title=Osmanlı devletinde kim kimdi, Volume 1|publisher=Küğ Yayını|year=1969|pages=132|isbn=}}
6. ^{{cite book|first=Richard C.|last=Hall|title=War in the Balkans: An Encyclopedic History from the Fall of the Ottoman Empire to the Breakup of Yugoslavia|publisher=ABC-CLIO|date=October 9, 2014|pages=1–2|isbn=978-1-610-69031-7}}
7. ^{{cite book|first=Milman|last=Parry|first2=Albert B.|last2=Lord|title=Serbocroation heroic songs, Volume 1|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=1979|pages=371|isbn=}}