| 词条 | Patrick McGilligan |
| 释义 |
| name = Patrick McGilligan | image = | office = 14th Attorney General of Ireland | taoiseach = John A. Costello | term_start = 2 June 1954 | term_end = 20 March 1957 | predecessor = Aindrias Ó Caoimh | successor = Aindrias Ó Caoimh | office1 = Minister for Finance | taoiseach1 = John A. Costello | term_start1 = 18 February 1948 | term_end1 = 13 June 1951 | predecessor1 = Frank Aiken | successor1 = Seán MacEntee | office2 = Minister for External Affairs | president2 = W. T. Cosgrave | term_start2 = 11 October 1927 | term_end2 = 9 March 1932 | predecessor2 = W. T. Cosgrave | successor2 = Éamon de Valera | office3 = Minister for Industry and Commerce | president3 = W. T. Cosgrave | term_start3 = 4 April 1924 | term_end3 = 9 March 1932 | predecessor3 = John McManus | successor3 = Seán Lemass | office4 = Teachta Dála | term_start4 = February 1948 | term_end4 = June 1965 | constituency4 = Dublin North-Central | term_start5 = July 1937 | term_end5 = February 1948 | constituency5 = Dublin North-West | term_start6 = November 1923 | term_end6 = July 1937 | constituency6 = National University of Ireland | birth_name = Patrick Joseph McGilligan | birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1889|4|12}} | birth_place = Coleraine, County Londonderry, Ireland | death_date = {{death date and age|1979|11|15|1889|4|12|df=y}} | death_place = Dalkey, Dublin, Ireland | nationality = Irish | party = Fine Gael | otherparty = Sinn Féin Cumann na nGaedheal | spouse = Sarah Jane Nullity {{small|(m. 1921)}} | children = 3 | education = {{Ubl|St Columb's College|Clongowes Wood College}} | alma_mater = University College Dublin }}Patrick Joseph McGilligan (12 April 1889 – 15 November 1979) was an Irish Fine Gael politician and lawyer who served as the 14th Attorney General of Ireland from 1954 to 1957, Minister for Finance from 1948 to 1951, Minister for External Affairs from 1927 to 1932 and Minister for Industry and Commerce from 1924 to 1932. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) from 1923 to 1965.[1] Early life{{unsourced|section|date=March 2017}}McGilligan was born in Hanover Place, Coleraine, County Londonderry, the son of Patrick McGilligan, a draper, who would serve as MP for South Fermanagh from 1892 to 1895 for the Irish Parliamentary Party, and Catherine O'Farrell.[1] He was educated at St Columb's College in Derry; Clongowes Wood College in County Kildare and University College Dublin. Lawyer and politicianHe joined Sinn Féin but was unsuccessful in his attempt to be elected as a MP at the 1918 general election. McGilligan was called to the bar in 1921.[2] Minister for Industry and CommerceHe was elected as a Cumann na nGaedheal TD for the National University of Ireland at a by-election held on 3 November 1923.[3] His time in Government was marked by economic retrenchment and a focus on low taxation. At the beginning of his time in office he declared that "People may have to die in this country and may have to die of starvation".[4]Between 1924 and 1932 McGilligan served as Minister for Industry and Commerce, notably pushing through the Shannon hydroelectric scheme, then the largest hydroelectricity project in the world. In 1927 he set up the Electricity Supply Board (ESB), and also the Agricultural Credit Corporation. Minister for External AffairsAlso in 1927 McGilligan also took over the External Affairs portfolio following the assassination of Kevin O'Higgins by the anti-Treaty elements of the IRA, in revenge for O'Higgins' support for the execution of Republican prisoners during the Irish Civil War (1922–23). In this position he was hugely influential at the Committee on the Operation of Dominion Legislation and at the Imperial Conference in 1930 (jointly with representatives of Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa and the United Kingdom). The Statute of Westminster that emerged from these meetings gave greater power to dominions in the Commonwealth like the Irish Free State. In oppositionDuring his period in opposition from 1932 to 1948 he built up a law practice and became professor of constitutional and international law at University College, Dublin, and when the National University of Ireland representation was transferred to the Seanad in 1937, McGilligan was elected as TD for the Dublin North-West constituency.[3] Minister for FinanceIn 1948 McGilligan was appointed Minister for Finance in the first Inter-Party Government. As Minister he undertook some major reforms. He instigated a new approach where Government invested radically in capital projects.{{Clarify|date=May 2011}} Colleagues however complained of his frequent absence from the Cabinet table and the difficulty of contacting him at the Department of Finance Between 1954 and 1957 he served as Attorney General, a job in which, as he himself admitted, he felt far more at home than as Minister for Finance. He retired from Dáil Éireann at the 1965 general election, having served for over 40 years. Patrick McGilligan died in Dublin on 15 November 1979; despite his well-known fondness for predicting that he would die young, he reached the age of ninety. A later Attorney General, John M. Kelly in the preface to his definitive text, The Irish Constitution (1980), noted the remarkable number of senior judges who were former students of McGilligan and suggested that given his own firm belief in the value of judicial review he deserves much of the credit for the remarkable development of Irish law in this field since the early 1960s. References1. ^{{Cite web|url=https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/details-civil/4801f40456329|title=General Registrar's Office|last=|first=|date=|website=IrishGenealogy.ie|publisher=|access-date=12 April 2017}} {{s-start}}{{s-off}}{{s-bef|before = Joseph McGrath}}{{s-ttl|title = Minister for Industry and Commerce2. ^{{cite web|url=http://electionsireland.org/candidate.cfm?ID=1470|title=Patrick J. McGilligan|work=ElectionsIreland.org|accessdate=12 February 2012}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.oireachtas.ie/members-hist/default.asp?housetype=0&HouseNum=4&MemberID=727&ConstID=156|title=Mr. Patrick McGilligan|work=Oireachtas Members database|accessdate=10 November 2007}} 4. ^{{Citation|last=Lee|first=Joseph J.|chapter=REBELLION: 1912–1922|pages=1–55|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781139167802|doi=10.1017/cbo9781139167802.003|title=Ireland 1912–1985|year=1990}} |years = 1924–1932}}{{s-aft|after = Seán Lemass}}{{s-bef|before = Kevin O'Higgins}}{{s-ttl|title = Minister for External Affairs |years = 1927–1932}}{{s-aft|after = Éamon de Valera}}{{s-bef|before = Frank Aiken}}{{s-ttl|title = Minister for Finance |years = 1948–1951}}{{s-aft|after = Seán MacEntee}}{{s-legal}}{{s-bef|before = Aindrias Ó Caoimh}}{{s-ttl|title = Attorney General of Ireland |years = 1954–1957}}{{s-aft|after = Aindrias Ó Caoimh}}{{s-end}}{{Navboxes||title=Patrick McGilligan navigational boxes|list1={{Attorneys General of Ireland}}{{2nd Executive Council of the Irish Free State}}{{3rd Executive Council of the Irish Free State}}{{4th Executive Council of the Irish Free State}}{{5th Executive Council of the Irish Free State}}{{5th Government of Ireland}}{{Ministers for Finance of Ireland}}{{Ministers for Foreign Affairs of Ireland}} }}{{Authority control}}{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2011}}{{DEFAULTSORT:McGilligan, Patrick}} 26 : 1889 births|1979 deaths|Cumann na nGaedheal TDs|Fine Gael TDs|Ministers for Finance (Ireland)|Ministers for Foreign Affairs (Ireland)|Attorneys General of Ireland|Members of the 4th Dáil|Members of the 5th Dáil|Members of the 6th Dáil|Members of the 7th Dáil|Members of the 8th Dáil|Members of the 9th Dáil|Members of the 10th Dáil|Members of the 11th Dáil|Members of the 12th Dáil|Members of the 13th Dáil|Members of the 14th Dáil|Members of the 15th Dáil|Members of the 16th Dáil|Members of the 17th Dáil|People from Coleraine, County Londonderry|People educated at Clongowes Wood College|People educated at St Columb's College|Alumni of University College Dublin|Teachtaí Dála for the National University of Ireland |
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