“Benedictine Sisters of Jesus Crucified”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Benedictine Sisters of Jesus Crucified are a congregation of contemplative Benedictine Religious Sisters which was founded in France in 1930. Their particular gift has been to make monastic life possible for women who might not normally be admitted to a monastery due to their state of health or their having a physical disability by all candidates deemed capable of living a monastic life regardless of their physical condition. For this they follow the Rule of St. Benedict with certain adaptations to make this possible.^[1]

History

The Abbé Maurice Gaucheron (died 29 March 1951) was a priest serving at the famed Basilica of the Sacred Heart in the Montmartre sector of Paris, France, during the 1920s. In the course of his ministry, he came to know a number of women who longed to become nuns but could not find a monastery which would accept them due to their health or physical handicaps.^[2]

Gaucheron came to see in illness and physical fragility a means of following Jesus and thus a legitimate way of living the contemplative life. He shared this vision with Suzanne Wrotnowska, a Polish immigrant in France, who felt called to share in establishing such a religious community. The two began to seek out other women who either would support this unique way of monastic life or were in need of it.^[2] On 11 April 1930, Wrotnowska and several other women dedicated their lives to the future congregation in the course of a Mass in the crypt of the basilica at Montmartre. At that point, Wrotnowska became Mother Marie des Douleurs.^[2]

In 1933 they were able to open their first monastery, St. Joseph Priory, in the town of Brou-sur-Chantereine, near Paris, which now serves as the motherhouse of the congregation. They were recognized as a religious community by the local bishop, Frédéric Lamy, the Bishop of Meaux,^[3] in September of that same year. They were formally created a religious institute in 1938 under the name of the Sisters of Jesus Crucified, and Mother Marie des Douleurs was elected the first prioress of the community. By 1936 the community had grown to such an extent that a new monastery was established in Tournai, Belgium. It was closed, however, in 1940 due to the outbreak of World War II^[2]

After the war, the growth of the congregation was swift, with the members of the congregation reaching 130 by 1951. The congregation had received formal recognition by the Holy See on 22 April 1950. Eventually nine monasteries were founded throughout France. A monastery was founded in the United States in 1955 in Devon, Pennsylvania, followed by another in Newport, Rhode Island in 1962. A monastery was opened in Japan. By 1980, the number of Sisters had reached 210.

In 1984 the congregation was admitted into the Benedictine Confederation, an umbrella body of the Benedictine monasteries of men and women around the world. With this step, the congregation was able at last formally to call itself Benedictine.^[2]

Current

As of 2012 the congregation has four monasteries. The number of monasteries in France has been reduced to two: the motherhouse in Brou-sur-Chantereine, and another in Saint-James, a village in Normandy. The two American communities were merged in 2001 into a new monastery in Branford, Connecticut. The monastery in Japan continues.

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://benjc.net/index.php/qui-sommes-nous-|work=Bénédictines de Jésus Crucifié|title=Qui sommes nous?|accessdate=10 December 2012|language=fr|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318161404/http://www.benjc.net/index.php/qui-sommes-nous-|archivedate=18 March 2013|df=}}
2. ^¹²³⁴{{cite web|url=http://benedictinesjc.org/history.html|work=We are Benedictines of Jesus Crucifed|title=History|accessdate=10 December 2012}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/blamyf.html|work=Catholic Hierarchy|title=Archbishop Frédéric Edouard Camille Lamy|accessdate=10 December 2012}}

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