| 词条 | Besleney | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Besleney (Circassian: Бэслъыный Besłynyj {{IPA-all|basɬənəj}}; {{lang-ru|Бесленеевцы}} {{lang|ru|Besleneevcy}}), also known as Beslenei or Baslaney, are one of the twelve tribes (sub-ethnic groups) of the Circassian (Adyghe) people.[1]{{Self-published inline|certain=yes|date=December 2017}} It was named after Kabardian Prince Beslan who established his own tribe of the same name. History{{Location map+|Russia Krasnodar Krai|width=350px|float=right|relief=1|thumb|caption=Historical locations of Circassian tribes|places={{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=44.00|long=41.20|label=Abazin|mark=Clear pog.svg|background=PowderBlue|label_size=100}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=43.20|long=41.30|label=Abkhaz|mark=Clear pog.svg|background=PowderBlue|label_size=100}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=44.62|long=38.80|label=Abzakh|mark=Blue-circle.gif}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=44.20|long=39.80|label=Abzakh|position=left|mark=Blue-circle.gif}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=44.40|long=41.50|label=Besleney|mark=Clear pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=44.90|long=38.60|label=Bzhedug|mark=Clear pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=45.00|long=39.00|label=Hatuqwai|position=top}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=44.19|long=42.54|label=Kabardian|position=top left|mark=Clear pog.svg |outside = 1 }}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=45.14|long=38.08|label=Kuban Kabardian|position=top|mark=Clear pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=44.50|long=39.50|label=Mamkhegh|mark=Clear pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=45.00|long=37.30|label=Natukhai|mark=Dot-yellow.svg}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=44.75|long=37.50|label=|mark=Dot-yellow.svg}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=44.40|long=38.25|label=Natukhai|position=left|mark=Dot-yellow.svg}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=44.80|long=37.95|label=Shapsug|mark=Solid blue.svg}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=44.30|long=38.75|label=|mark=Solid blue.svg}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=43.90|long=39.45|label=Shapsug|position=left|mark=Solid blue.svg}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=45.00|long=39.50|label=Temirgoy|mark=Point carte.svg}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=44.20|long=40.30|label=Temirgoy|position=right|mark=Point carte.svg}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=43.60|long=39.60|label=Ubykh|mark=Clear pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=44.85|long=40.40|label=Yegeruqwai|position=right|mark=Clear pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Russia Krasnodar Krai|lat=45.30|long=36.80|label=Zhaney|mark=Clear pog.svg}} }} The majority of the Besleney live in the valley of Bolshaya and Malaya Laba Rivers in the Northwest Caucasus, and on the bank of Urup.[2] They also extend to the valleys of Chetem, Fars, Psefir, Kuban (Western Circassia). By character and culture besides the language, the Besleney are closest to Kabardians.[3] The noble families of the Besleney were: Kanoko and Shaloho, ancestors of Beslan, the son of legendary Prince Inal.[4]{{Self-published inline|certain=yes|date=December 2017}} Language{{see also|Besleney Kabardian dialect}}The Besleney people speak the Besleney sub-dialect ({{lang-ady|Бэслъыныйбзэ}}) of Kabardian Adyghe dialect (East Circassian). However, because the Besleney tribe lived at the center of Circassia, the Besleney dialect also shares a large number of features with dialects of West Adyghe dialect. Like the Adyghe Shapsug sub-dialect, there exist a palatalized voiced velar plosive {{IPA|[ɡʲ]}}, a palatalized voiceless velar plosive {{IPA|[kʲ]}} and a palatalized velar ejective {{IPA|[kʲʼ]}}, which were merged to {{IPA|[d͡ʒ]}}, {{IPA|[t͡ʃ]}} and {{IPA|[t͡ʃʼ]}} in other Circassian dialects.[5] The Besleney dialect also have an alveolar lateral ejective affricate {{IPA|[t͡ɬʼ]}}, which corresponds to an alveolar lateral ejective fricative {{IPA|[ɬʼ]}} in most other varieties of Circassian.[6] The Besleney dialect have a voiceless glottal fricative [h] that corresponds to {{IPAblink|x}} in other Circassian dialects.[7]
See also
References1. ^Kadir I. Natho. [https://books.google.com/books?id=eE2pDLgibVoC&dq Circassian History.] Xlibris Corporation, 2009. p.89. {{ISBN|9781465316998}} 2. ^James Stuart Olson, et al., eds. "Adyghe".[https://books.google.com/books?id=CquTz6ps5YgC&dq An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of the Russian and Soviet Empires.] Greenwood Publishing, 1994. p. 15. {{ISBN|9780313274978}} "The Beslenei (Beslenej) are located between the upper Urup and Khozdya rivers, and along the Middle Laba River, in the western reaches of the North Caucasus." 3. ^John Colarusso. [https://books.google.com/books?id=5FsLlweDug8C&dq A Grammar of the Kabardian Language] University of Calgary Press, 1992. p. 12. {{ISBN|9780919813991}} "This highly divergent dialect..." 4. ^Kadir I. Natho. [https://books.google.com/books?id=eE2pDLgibVoC&dq Circassian History.] Xlibris Corporation, 2009. p.96. {{ISBN|9781465316998}} "Prince Inal, the progenitor of the...Besleney...princes..." 5. ^[https://www.academia.edu/1888554/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D1%81_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2 Консонантная система уляпского говора в сопоставлении с аналогами других диалектов адыгских языков] {{ru icon}} 6. ^UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive - Recording Details for Kabardian Baslanei dialect. In the first word list called kbd_word-list_1970_01.html the words "man" and "quarter" are pronounced as {{IPA|/t͡ɬʼə/}} and {{IPA|/pt͡ɬʼaːna/}} compare to Standard Kabardian {{IPA|/ɬʼə/}} and {{IPA|/pɬʼaːna/}} 7. ^[https://www.academia.edu/1888554/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D1%81_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2 Консонантная система уляпского говора в сопоставлении с аналогами других диалектов адыгских языков] {{ru icon}} External links
7 : Circassians|Circassian tribes|Peoples of the Caucasus|Ethnic groups in Russia|Muslim communities of Russia|Kabardino-Balkaria|Karachay-Cherkessia |
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