“Beth-Anath”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Beth-Anath was mentioned in the Bible Book of Joshua ({{Bibleverse||Joshua|19:38|HE}}) and the Book of Judges ({{Bibleverse||Judges|1:33|HE}}) as a land given to Naphtali.

Early history

The Zenon Papyri (mid 3rd-century BCE) mentions a certain estate belonging to Apollonius in Βαιτανατα (= Beth-anath), a way-stop along the route traveled by the Zenon party as it passed through ancient Palestine.^[1]^[2] In the 2nd-century CE, Beth-Anath was considered a borderline village, inhabited by both Jews and Gentiles.^[3]

Identification

Ain Aata

Ain Aata in Lebanon was suggested by Charles William Meredith van de Velde and Victor Guérin (1880:374) to be the ancient site of Beth-Anath. The same view was held by historical geographer Georg Kampffmeyer (1892).

Bi'ina

Bi'ina in the Beit HaKerem Valley which divides Upper Galilee from the Lower Galilee was suggested by Ze'ev Safrai.^[4]^[5] This view is accepted by a host of archaeologists and historical geographers: W.F. Albright, (1921/1922: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3768450?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=Beit&searchText=Yerah&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3FQuery%3DBeit%2BYerah&ab_segments=0%2Fdefault-2%2Fcontrol&refreqid=search%3A0953879ccc1349bc49f26a2b6fa061c7&seq=19#metadata_info_tab_contents 19–20]); Neubauer (1868:[https://archive.org/details/lagographiedutal00neub/page/235/mode/1up 235]–ff.); Abel (1928, pp. 409–415; 1938: 266); Alt (PJB 22, 1926, pp. 55–ff.; 24, 1928, p. 87); Saarisalo ("Boundary", p. 189); Rafael Frankel, et al. (2001:136); Aviam (2004:53).

Safed el-Battikh

Hinah

Historical geographer Samuel Klein (1934:18–34 ) placed Beth-Anath in Hinah, a town on the southeast side of Mount Hermon. His view is supported by Grintz (1964:67), who cites Josephus (Antiquities 5.1.22) as corroborating Klein's view, insofar that Naphtali's territory is said to have extended as far as Damascus in the east.^[7]

See also

References

1. ^Jack Pastor, Land and Economy in Ancient Palestine, London 2013, note [https://books.google.com/books?id=AGeHDna_9dwC&pg=PT40&lpg=PT40&dq=Beth+Anath+in+the+Zenon+Papyri&source=bl&ots=j_xxzOVtqc&sig=lSDUx64hGQiyOY1uZIDvH4W84iM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjTwrLZrcjdAhXECCwKHbB2CigQ6AEwAHoECAEQAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false 47].
2. ^Stephen G. Wilson & Michel Desjardins, Text and Artifact in the Religions of Mediterranean Antiquity: Essays in honour of Peter Richardson, Canadian Corporation for Studies in Religion: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, Waterloo Ontario 2000, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvqJMNQfdrkC&pg=PA121&lpg=PA121&dq=Beth+Anath+in+the+Zenon+Papyri&source=bl&ots=fdqTELa_q3&sig=gwZrAvG2u895nBaMjJIzfwgIn3A&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjTwrLZrcjdAhXECCwKHbB2CigQ6AEwAnoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false 121], {{ISBN|0-88920-356-3}}.
3. ^Tosefta (Kila'im 2:16)
4. ^Safrai, 1985, p. 62
5. ^Safrai & Safrai, 1976, pp. 18–34
6. ^{{Citation |contribution= |title= The Anchor Bible Dictionary|editor-last1=Freedman |editor-first1=David Noel |editor-last2= |editor-first2= |editor-link= David Noel Freedman|volume= 1 |publisher= |place =New York|page=681 (s.v. Beth-Anath) |year=1992 }}
7. ^{{Citation |contribution= |title= The Anchor Bible Dictionary|editor-last1=Freedman |editor-first1=David Noel |editor-last2= |editor-first2= |editor-link= David Noel Freedman|volume= 1 |publisher= |place =New York|page=680 (s.v. Beth-Anath) |year=1992 }}

Bibliography

{{cite journal |last=Abel|first=F.M.|authorlink=Félix-Marie Abel |title=La Liste géographique du Papyrus 71 de Zénon |journal=RB |volume= |pages=|publisher= |location= |language=French |url= |year=1928}}

{{cite book|last=Abel|first=F.M.|authorlink=Félix-Marie Abel|title=Géographie de la Palestine, géographie physique et historique (Géographie politique, Les villes)|url=|volume=2|year=1938|publisher=J. Gabalda |location=Paris|language=French}}

{{cite book|last=Aharoni|first=Y.|authorlink=Yohanan Aharoni|title=The Settlement of the Tribes of Israel in the Upper Galilee|url=|volume=|year=1957|publisher=Magnes Press |location=Jerusalem|language=}}

{{cite journal |last=Albright|first=W.F.|authorlink=William F. Albright |title=Contribution to the Historical Geography of Palestine |journal=Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research|volume=2–3 |pages=1–46 |url= |year=1922}}

{{cite book |last=Aviam |first=Mordechai | author-link= |title=Jews, Pagans and Christians in the Galilee |publisher= University of Rochester Press, Institute of Galilean Archaeology |editor= |volume= Land of Galilee 1 |edition= |date=2004 |location=Rochester, N.Y. |page= | language= English |url= |isbn=1-58046-171-9 }}

{{cite journal |last=Frankel|first=Rafael|authorlink=|title=Settlement dynamics and regional diversity in ancient Upper Galilee |journal=Israel Antiquities Authority|volume=14 |pages= |url= |year=2001}}

{{cite book|last=Grintz|first=Jehoshua|authorlink=|title=Studies in the Bible: presented to M.H. Segal|url=|volume=|year=1964|publisher=Kiryat Sepher |location=Jerusalem|language=English}}

{{cite book |last=Guérin|first=V.|authorlink=Victor Guérin |title=Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (Galilée) |pages= |publisher=L'Imprimerie nationale|volume=2 |location=Paris|language=French |url= |year=1880}}

{{cite book |last=Kampffmeyer|first=G.|authorlink= :de:Georg Kampffmeyer|title=Alte Namen im heutigen Palästina und Syrien |pages= 38, 42, 61, 64, 85, 87|publisher=|location=Leipzig|language=German |url= |year=1892}}

{{cite journal |last=Klein|first=S.|authorlink=Samuel Klein (scholar)|title=Notes on History of Large Estates in Palestine |journal=Yediot - Bulletin of the Jewish Palestine Exploration Society|volume=1 |pages= |url= |year=1934}}

{{cite book|author=Naʼaman, Nadav |title=Canaan in the 2nd Millennium B.C.E.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HmTOoQmf23AC&pg=PA248|accessdate=22 September 2012|year=2005|publisher=Eisenbrauns|isbn=978-1-57506-113-9|pages=248–}}

{{cite book|last= Neubauer|first=A.|authorlink=Adolf Neubauer |title=La géographie du Talmud : mémoire couronné par l'Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres |url=https://archive.org/details/lagographiedutal00neub|year=1868|publisher=Lévy|location= Paris|language=French }}

{{cite journal |last=Safrai|first=Z.|authorlink= Ze'ev Safrai |title=Beth-Anath |journal=Sinai |volume=78 |pages= 18–34|publisher= Mossad Harav Kook|location= Jerusalem|language=Hebrew |url= |year=1976}}

{{cite book |last=Safrai|first=Z.|authorlink= Ze'ev Safrai |title=Chapters of Galilee, During Mishnaic and Talmudic Times: Pirkei Galil |page= 62|publisher=|location= Jerusalem|language=Hebrew |url= |year=1985}}