| 词条 | Biblioteca Palafoxiana |
| 释义 |
| library_name = Biblioteca Palafoxiana | name_en = | library_logo = | image = BIBLIOTECA PALAFOXIANA.tif | caption = | country = Mexico | type = | scope = | established = 1646 | ref_legal_mandate = | location = Puebla, Puebla | coordinates = | branch_of = | num_branches = | items_collected = | collection_size = 41,000 | criteria = | legal_deposit = | req_to_access = | annual_circulation = | pop_served = | members = | budget = | director = | num_employees = | website = http://www.bpm.gob.mx/ | phone_num = | references = }}{{coord|19.0425|-98.1989|display=title}} The Biblioteca Palafoxiana is a library in Puebla, Mexico. Founded in 1646, it was the first public library in colonial Mexico,[1] and is sometimes considered the first in the Americas.[2] It has more than 45,000 books and manuscripts, ranging from the 15th to the 20th century. In 2005, it was listed on UNESCO's Memory of the World Register.[3] HistoryThe Biblioteca Palafoxiana owes its name and foundation to Juan de Palafox y Mendoza, bishop of Puebla. He was a lover of books, and is quoted as having said, {{quote|He who succeeds without books is in an inconsolable darkness, on a mountain without company, on a path without a crosier, in darkness without a guide.}}On 6 September 1646, Palafox y Mendoza donated 5,000[4] of his own items to the Colegio de San Juan—which was founded by him—on the condition that they be made available to the general public.[5] He wrote that "it is very useful and convenient that there should be in this city and kingdom a public library, where all sorts of people will be able to study as they wish".[4] More than a century later, Francisco Fabián y Fuero ordered the construction of the premises which currently house the Biblioteca Palafoxiana. He donated his own collection, and the collections of the bishops Manuel Fernández de Santa Cruz and Francisco Pablo Vázquez and the dean of the Francisco Irigoyen Cathedral were gradually added, as were volumes from Pueblan religious schools and individuals.[4] Books confiscated from Jesuits upon their expulsion in 1767 were also added.[5] The library was finished in 1773, consisting of a 43-meter-long vaulted hall on the Colegio's second floor. Two levels of bookshelves were built, and a retablo of the Madonna of Trapani by Nino Pisano was acquired. By the mid-19th century, the size of the collection necessitated a third level of bookshelves. Two earthquakes in 1999 caused damage to the building and shelves, leading to a restoration program in 2001.[5] The library is open Tuesday through Friday 10am-6pm and Saturday and Sunday from 10am to 6pm.[6] The library has, since its inception, been used by any person who wishes to study. Today, it houses the Institute for Bibliographical Research which has been in charge of publishing "Los Impresos de la Biblioteca Palafoxiana" promoting the historical value of the collections and its museum.[7] CollectionsThe Biblioteca Palafoxiana has more than 41,000 books and manuscripts, ranging from the 15th to the 20th century.[4] It has three major collections: old books, manuscripts, and pamphlets and broadsheets.[8] It also has nine incunabula.[3] The oldest text in the library is the Chronicle of Nuremberg dated 1493 See also{{Portal|Libraries}}
References1. ^{{cite journal|last=Brescia|first=Michael M.|title=Liturgical Expressions of Episcopal Power: Juan de Palafox y Mendoza and Tridentine Reform in Colonial Mexico|journal=The Catholic Historical Review|date=July 2004|volume=90|issue=3|pages=497–518|doi=10.1353/cat.2004.0116|jstor=25026636}} 2. ^{{cite book|title=The Oxford Companion to the Book|year=2010|publisher=Oxford University Press|author=Sherman, William H.|chapter=Palafoxiana, Biblioteca|editor1=Suarez, Michael F. |editor2=Woudhuysen, H. R. }} 3. ^1 {{cite web|title=Biblioteca Palafoxiana|url=http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/CI/pdf/mow/nomination_forms/mexico+palafoxiana.pdf|publisher=UNESCO|accessdate=27 April 2012}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|last=Hernandez|first=Arturo Garcia|title=Historia de una pasión por los libros y el conocimiento|url=http://anuario.upn.mx/index.php/noticias-educativas/2003/693-la-jornada/39836-historia-de-una-pasion-por-los-libros-y-el-conocimiento.html|accessdate=27 April 2012|newspaper=La Jornada|date=26 August 2003|language=Spanish}}{{Dead link|date=November 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 5. ^1 2 {{cite journal|last=Schuster |first=Angela M.H. |title=Biblioteca Palafoxiana |journal=Icon |date=Winter 2004–2005 |pages=22–29 |url=http://www.wmf.org/sites/default/files/wmf_article/pg_22-29_palafoxiana.pdf |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111108025313/http://www.wmf.org/sites/default/files/wmf_article/pg_22-29_palafoxiana.pdf |archivedate=2011-11-08 |df= }} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Mexico In Depth.com|website=mexicoindepth.com |url=http://mexicoindepth.com/why-should-you-visit-the-biblioteca-palafoxiana-in-puebla/|accessdate=19 March 2015}} 7. ^{{cite journal |last1=Cordova |first1=Arturo |title=The Palafoxiana Library |journal=Voices of Mexico |date=1999 |volume=47 |page=86–88 |url=http://ezproxy.fau.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,cookie,url,uid&db=mzh&AN=2000040394&site=eds-live&scope=site}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Distinctive Archives|url=http://en.palafoxiana.com/distinctive_archives/|website=Palafoxiana|accessdate=5 March 2018}} External links{{Commons category|Biblioteca Palafoxiana}}
8 : 1646 establishments in the Spanish Empire|Buildings and structures in Puebla|Cultural infrastructure completed in 1773|Education in Puebla|Libraries in Mexico|Library buildings completed in the 18th century|Memory of the World Register|Puebla (city) |
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