| 词条 | Bijelo Brdo culture |
| 释义 |
The Bijelo Brdo culture[1][2] or Bjelo-Brdo culture[3] is an early medieval archaeological culture flourishing in the 10th and 11th centuries in Central Europe. It represents a synthesis of the culture introduced in the Carpathian Basin by the conquering Hungarians around 900 and of earlier cultures existing in the territory (in present-day Croatia, Hungary, Romania, Serbia and Slovakia) before the Hungarian conquest.[4] Female dress accessories, including "jewellery of plaited wire, two-piece sheetwork pendants, snake-head bracelets and S-shaped temple-reings" (P. M. Barford),[4] are the most characteristic items of the culture.[3] The culture disappeared around 1100, most probably not independently of laws adopted under Kings Ladislaus I and Coloman of Hungary which prescribed the burial of dead in graveyards developed near churches.[3] Initially it was thought that the poorer Hungarian(Magyar) gravesites were Slavic and that only the rich horse-warrior burials were Hungarian. This view was challenged in the 1940s and is now rejected by Hungarian scholars, who see the poorer burials as Magyar commoners, such as Béla Szőke.[5] It is named after an archeological site, a medieval graveyard found near the village of Bijelo Brdo, Croatia and excavated since 1895.{{sfn|Vodanović|Brkić|Demo|2005}} The dating at 7th Century of Site 1 was established by Zdenko Vinski.[6] According to the Russian archaeologist Valentin Vasilyevich Sedov, the basic territory of Bijelo Brdo culture included territory of present-day Hungary, southern Slovakia and part of Serbian Vojvodina.[7] See also
Footnotes1. ^Engel 2001, p. 17. 2. ^Spinei 2003, p. 57. 3. ^1 2 Curta 2006, p. 192. 4. ^1 Barford 2001, p. 231. 5. ^{{cite book|last1=Geary, Klaniczay|first1=Patrick|title=Manufacturing Middle Ages|date=2013|publisher=Brill|isbn=9004244867|pages=221, 223|edition=First|url=https://www.academia.edu/1919881/ARCHAEOLOGICAL_RESEARCH_ON_THE_CONQUERING_HUNGARIANS_A_REVIEW|accessdate=2015-08-01|ref=academia.edu}} 6. ^Bože Mimica Slavonija u XX. stoljeću 2009 Page 332 "Nalazište Bijelo Brdo I. arheološki je pouzdano datirao Zdenko Vinski (1913-1996) u sredinu ili drugu polovicu 7. stoljeća." 7. ^1 Valentin Vasiljevič Sedov, Sloveni u ranom srednjem veku, Novi Sad, 2013, pages 419-421. 8. ^http://www.dodaj.rs/f/3d/PP/bVFVG7O/bijelobrdo.jpg References{{Refbegin}}
9 : Early medieval archaeological cultures of Europe|Slavic archaeological cultures|Archaeological cultures of Central Europe|Archaeological cultures in Croatia|Archaeological cultures in Hungary|Archaeological cultures in Romania|Archaeological cultures in Serbia|Archaeological cultures in Slovakia|Archaeological cultures in Ukraine |
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