| 词条 | Bill Meanix |
| 释义 |
|name= |nickname= |image =Bill Meanix 1920.jpg | image_size = |caption=Bill Meanix in 1920 |birth_date=January 18, 1892 |birth_place= | death_date = October 13, 1957 (aged 65) | death_place = | height = | weight = |sport=Athletics |event= Hurdles |club=Boston Athletic Association |pb= 110 mH – 16.0 (1914) 400 mH – 54.3 (1915)[1] |alma_mater= | show-medals = yes | medaltemplates = }} William Henry "Bill" Meanix (January 18, 1892 – October 13, 1957) was an American track and field athlete. He held the world record in the 440 yd hurdles from 1915 to 1920, and he won the event the first two times it was contested at the United States championships. BiographyMeanix became a track athlete at the English High School in Boston, Massachusetts.[2] He subsequently studied at Colby College and Harvard.[2] At first, he did not specialize in any one event, but competed in the sprints, hurdles and the shot put.[3] Representing the Boston A. A., Meanix won the {{cvt|440|yd|m|0}} hurdles at the 1914 United States championships, becoming the inaugural champion;[4] while the championships had been held since 1876, this was the first time the 440 yd hurdles had been contested.[4][5] His winning time of 57.8 seconds was a new American record,[8] although Charles Bacon had run the slightly shorter 400 m hurdles in 55.0, equivalent to 55.3–55.4 for the imperial distance;[6] the world record for the imperial hurdles was 56.8, held by Britain's G. R. L. Anderson.[4][8] On July 16, 1915 Meanix ran the 440 yd hurdles in 54.6 at Cambridge, Massachusetts, improving Anderson's world record by more than two seconds and also breaking Bacon's time.[7] He set his record in the same meet where Norman Taber surpassed Walter George's mile world record from 1886.[7] This time would remain Meanix's best, and stood as a world record until John Norton ran 54.2 in 1920.[8][9]{{#tag:ref|Meanix's world record of 54.6 was never officially ratified by the International Amateur Athletic Federation (IAAF), which was based in Europe and unable to act during World War I.[10] By the time the IAAF started ratifying records again in 1921, Meanix's record had been superseded by Norton's.[11] Meanix's time was, however, statistically valid and considered the de facto world record until Norton broke it,[8] and the American AAU recommended it for official approval.[12]|group="note"}} Meanix won the 1915 national championship in an even faster time, 52.6, but that race was held on a straight track and was wind-aided, making the time statistically invalid.[5][13] His most serious rival in that race was August Muenter, who had earlier run 53.6 in similar conditions, but he fell at the ninth hurdle while trailing Meanix.[13][14][15] In 1916 Meanix was challenged as the leading American by Walter Hummel, who defeated him by two yards at the national championships in the meeting record time of 54.8.[5][16][17] The following week Meanix beat him in a rematch, running 55.0,[6][18] but Hummel was still selected for the AAU's top All-American team of the year.[19] At the 1917 Penn Relays Meanix was defeated by another newcomer, Floyd Smart, in 55.2;[20] the Harvard Crimson felt the use of 2 ft 6 in (76.2 cm) hurdles, instead of the usual {{cvt|3|ft|cm}} hurdles, had favored Smart,[21] but he beat Meanix again at the national championships, where regular hurdles were used. Meanix took second, ahead of Hummel.[5][22] With America entering World War I, Meanix enlisted in the United States Army in November 1917.[23][24] He was discharged as a 1st Lieutenant in May 1919[24] and resumed hurdling, taking second behind Smart at the 1919 national championships.[25][26] Meanix competed in the 1920 United States Olympic Trials, but was eliminated in the semi-finals and failed to qualify for the Olympic team;[27] instead, he (and Smart, who had also failed to qualify) represented the United States in post-Olympic meets against teams from France, Sweden and the British Empire.[28][29] In 1923 Meanix was appointed as Tufts College's track and field coach.[2] He later returned to his former high school, the English High School, and had a long career there as a military drill instructor.[30] During World War II Meanix returned to active Army service, now with the rank of major,[31] and commanded an Army Specialized Training Unit at Northwestern University.[30][32] He retired from the Army in 1946 as a lieutenant colonel.[33] LegacyMeanix was inducted in the English High School's Hall of Fame in 1987.[34] Notes1. ^William Meanix. trackfield.brinkster.net 2. ^1 2 {{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1928&dat=19231115&id=MrggAAAAIBAJ&sjid=eGkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=1252,3137824 |title=Bill Meanix, Former Colby Star, Elected Track Coach at Tufts |date=November 15, 1923 |accessdate=November 22, 2014 |newspaper=Lewiston Daily Sun}} 3. ^{{cite news |url= https://newspaperarchive.com/us/massachusetts/boston/boston-sunday-post/1911/03-12/page-15 |date=March 12, 1911 |accessdate=November 22, 2014 |newspaper=Boston Post |title=Meanix Star of Dual Meet}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite news |url= http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1914/09/13/page/1/ |date=September 13, 1914 |accessdate=November 20, 2014 |title=Senior Honors To Irish Team |newspaper=Chicago Daily Tribune}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url= http://www.trackandfieldnews.com/index.php/tafn-presults?list_id=36&sex_id=M&event_id=15 |title=A History Of The Results Of The National Track & Field Championships Of The USA From 1876 Through 2011 |author1=Mallon, Bill |author2=Buchanan, Ian |author3=Track & Field News |publisher=Track & Field News |accessdate=November 18, 2014}} 6. ^1 {{cite book |title=Huippu-urheilun historia |year=1935 |publisher=Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö |author=Jukola, Martti |language=Finnish}} 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1915/07/17/100681322.pdf |title=Taber Sets World Mark For a Mile |date=July 17, 1915 |accessdate=November 20, 2014}} 8. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85058393/1920-06-27/ed-1/seq-13/ |date=June 27, 1920 |accessdate=November 20, 2014 |newspaper=Ogden Standard-Examiner |title=Smash Records at Pasadena}} 9. ^{{cite news |url=http://stanford.dlconsulting.com/cgi-bin/stanford?a=d&d=stanford19200702-01.2.3&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-student+army+training+corps------# |title=Hurdle Record Is Smashed By Norton |newspaper=The Stanford Daily |date=July 2, 1920 |accessdate=November 20, 2014}} 10. ^{{cite news |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/us/massachusetts/boston/boston-daily-globe/1916/11-21/page-7 |newspaper=Boston Daily Globe |date=November 21, 1916 |accessdate=November 20, 2014 |title=A. A. U. Adopts Amateur Code}} 11. ^{{cite news |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1921/05/30/98698120.pdf |title=I. A. A. F. Accepts American Records |publisher=New York Times |date=May 30, 1921 |accessdate=November 20, 2014}} 12. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/58031330/ |newspaper=Harrisburg Evening News |date=May 13, 1921 |accessdate=November 20, 2014 |title=Wants Foreign Recognition For U.S. Track Marks}} 13. ^1 {{cite news |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/us/massachusetts/boston/boston-daily-globe/1915/08-08/page-12 |date=August 8, 1915 |accessdate=November 24, 2014 |newspaper=The Boston Globe |title=Worthington and Meanix Win}} 14. ^{{cite news |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/us/massachusetts/boston/boston-daily-globe/1915/08-05/page-4 |date=August 5, 1915 |accessdate=November 24, 2014 |newspaper=The Boston Globe |title=Live Tips and Topics}} 15. ^{{cite news |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/us/texas/galveston/galveston-daily-news/1916/01-01/page-14 |newspaper=Galveston Daily News |title=Sporting |date=January 1, 1916 |accessdate=November 24, 2014}} 16. ^{{cite news |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/us/massachusetts/boston/boston-globe/1916/09-10/page-85 |title=Halpin Beats "Ted" Meredith |newspaper=The Boston Globe |date=September 10, 1916 |accessdate=November 21, 2014}} 17. ^{{cite news |url=http://fultonhistory.com/Newspaper%205/Brooklyn%20NY%20Daily%20Eagle/Brooklyn%20NY%20Daily%20Eagle%201916%20Grayscale/Brooklyn%20NY%20Daily%20Eagle%201916%20Grayscale%20-%208195.pdf |newspaper=Brooklyn Daily Eagle |title=Bronder Breaks American Record in Javelin Throw |date=September 10, 1916 |accessdate=November 24, 2014}} 18. ^{{cite news |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/us/massachusetts/boston/boston-globe/1916/09-17/page-15 |page=15 |title=Brundage Holds All-Round Title |date=September 17, 1916 |accessdate=November 21, 2014 |newspaper=The Boston Globe}} 19. ^{{cite news |url=http://cdsun.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/cornell?a=d&d=CDS19170102.2.42&e=--------20--1-----all# |newspaper=Cornell Daily Sun |date=January 2, 1917 |accessdate=November 21, 2014 |title=All-American Field And Track Team Is Selected}} 20. ^{{cite news |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/us/massachusetts/boston/boston-daily-globe/1917/04-28/page-6 |title=Berry Victor in Pentathlon |date=April 28, 1917 |accessdate=November 24, 2014 |newspaper=The Boston Globe}} 21. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1917/4/28/blanchard-ties-for-first-place-in/ |title=Blanchard Ties For First Place In Weight Throw |date=April 28, 1917 |accessdate=November 23, 2014 |newspaper=The Harvard Crimson}} 22. ^{{cite news |url= https://newspaperarchive.com/us/massachusetts/boston/boston-globe/1917/09-02/page-13 |newspaper=The Boston Globe |page=13 |title=B.A.A. Third in Senior Events |accessdate=November 18, 2014 |date=September 2, 1917}} 23. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/28996410/ |title=Another Athlete In Army |date=September 14, 1917 |accessdate=November 22, 2014 |newspaper=The Washington Post}} 24. ^1 {{cite book |url=http://www.mocavo.com/Harvards-Military-Record-in-the-World-War/411509/671 |title=Harvard's Military Record in the World War |page=650 |author=Mead, Frederick S. (ed) |publisher=Harvard Alumni Association}} 25. ^{{cite news |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/us/massachusetts/boston/boston-globe/1919/09-14/page-8 |newspaper=The Boston Globe |date=September 14, 1919 |accessdate=November 23, 2014 |title=Ray Smashes A.A.U. Record In The Mile}} 26. ^{{cite news |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1919/09/14/96333400.pdf |title=Joie Ray Sets New A.A.U. Championship Record For One Mile Run |date=September 14, 1919 |accessdate=November 23, 2014 |newspaper=The New York Times}} 27. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.trackandfieldnews.com/index.php/special-articles/1149 |format=PDF |title=The History of the United States Olympic Trials – Track & Field |author=Hymans, Richard |publisher = USA Track & Field; Track & Field News |accessdate=November 23, 2014}} 28. ^{{cite news |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1920/08/30/96898636.pdf |date=August 30, 1920 |accessdate=November 23, 2014 |title=Kirksey Ties Mark In 200-Meter Dash |newspaper=The New York Times}} 29. ^{{cite news |url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1920-09-05/ed-1/seq-17/ |date=September 5, 1920 |accessdate=November 23, 2014 |title=U. S. Athletes Tie in Meet With Britons |newspaper=New York Tribune}} 30. ^1 {{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/45289604/ |title=Commanding Officer |newspaper=Fitchburg Sentinel |date=October 26, 1943 |accessdate=November 22, 2014}} 31. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.e-yearbook.com/yearbooks/English_High_School_Record_Yearbook/1943/Page_81.html |title=English High School – Record Yearbook 1943 |publisher=The English High School Record |accessdate=November 22, 2014}} 32. ^{{cite news |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/us/maine/bath/bath-independent/1944/01-13/page-7 |page=7 |date=January 13, 1944 |accessdate=November 22, 2014 |newspaper=The Bath Independent |title=News of Our Men and Women in Uniform}} 33. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.mocavo.com/Official-Army-Register-for-1957-Volume-2/984193/381 |title=U.S. Army Register Volume II: Army of the United States and Other Retired Lists |page=371 |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office}} 34. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.englishhs.org/apps/pages/index.jsp?uREC_ID=75360&type=d&termREC_ID=&pREC_ID=282536 |title=The English High School Hall of Fame |accessdate=November 22, 2014 |publisher=English High School}} References{{Reflist|30em}}{{s-start}}{{s-ach|rec}}{{succession box|before={{flagicon|GBR}} G. R. L. Anderson|title=Men's 440 yd Hurdles World Record Holder|years=July 16, 1915 – June 26, 1920|after={{flagicon|USA}} John Norton}}{{s-end}}{{Footer US NC 400m Hurdles Men}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Meanix, Bill}} 9 : 1892 births|1957 deaths|Sportspeople from Boston|American male hurdlers|Harvard Crimson men's track and field athletes|Former world record holders in athletics (track and field)|College track and field coaches in the United States|United States Army colonels|English High School of Boston alumni |
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