| 词条 | Birtvisi |
| 释义 |
Birtvisi is essentially a natural rocky fortress of 1 km², secured by walls and towers, the most prominent of which – known as Sheupovari ("Obstinate") – tops the tallest rock in the area. Various accessory structures, an aqueduct included, have also survived.[2] In written sources, Birtvisi is first mentioned as a possession of the Arab amir of Tiflis of which he was divested by the Georgian nobles Liparit, Duke of Kldekari and Ivane Abazasdze in 1038.[3] In medieval Georgia, Birtvisi entertained a reputation of an impregnable stronghold whose master could control the entire strategic Algeti gorge. The Turco-Mongol amir Timur notably reduced the fortress during one of his invasions of Georgia in 1403.[4] After the partition of the Kingdom of Georgia later in the 15th century, Birtvisi was within the borders of the Kingdom of Kartli and in possession of the princes Baratashvili.[2] References1. ^Protected Areas: Algeti National Park {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721030207/http://www.dpa.gov.ge/index.php?site-id=5&page=1&id=221 |date=2011-07-21 }}. Agency of Protected Areas of Georgia. Accessed June 18, 2011. 2. ^1 {{ka icon}} ზაქარაია პ. საქართველოს ციხე-ქალაქები, ციხესიმაგრეები, ციხე-დარბაზები, ციხე-გალავნები, კოშკები.-თბ.,2001.-გვ.86-88. 3. ^Thomson, Robert W. (1996), Rewriting Caucasian History, p. 289. Oxford University Press, {{ISBN|0-19-826373-2}} 4. ^Allen, William Edward David (1932), A History of the Georgian People: From the Beginning Down to the Russian Conquest in the Nineteenth Century, p. 125. Taylor & Francis External links{{commonscat|Birtvisi fortress}} 3 : Castles and forts in Georgia (country)|Buildings and structures in Kvemo Kartli|Ruins in Georgia (country) |
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