| 词条 | Pecos Bill |
| 释义 |
Pecos Bill is a fictional cowboy in stories set during American westward expansion into the Southwest of Texas, New Mexico, Southern California, and Arizona. These narratives were probably invented as short stories in a book by Edward S. O'Reilly in the early 20th Century and are considered to be an example of fakelore. Pecos Bill was a late addition to the "big man" idea of characters, such as Paul Bunyan or John Henry. HistoryThe first known stories were published in 1917 by Edward O'Reilly for The Century Magazine and collected and reprinted in 1923 in the book Saga of Pecos Bill (1923). O'Reilly claimed they were part of an oral tradition of tales told by cowboys during the westward expansion and settlement of the southwest including Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. But American folklorist Richard M. Dorson found that O'Reilly invented the stories as "folklore",[1] and that later writers either borrowed tales from O'Reilly or added further adventures of their own invention to the cycle.[2] Edward "Tex" O'Reilly co-authored a cartoon strip with cartoonist Jack A. Warren, also known as Alonzo Vincent Warren, between 1929 and 1938. When O'Reilly died in 1946, Warren began a strip titled Pecos Pete. This was a story about "Pecos Bill", who had received a "lump on the naggan" that caused him amnesia. The cartoons originally were published in The Sun and were later syndicated. He also has a wife, named Slue-Foot Sue. Pecos Bill made the leap to film in the 1948 Walt Disney animated feature Melody Time. He was portrayed by Steve Guttenberg in a 1985 episode of Tall Tales & Legends and Patrick Swayze in Disney's 1995 film Tall Tale. "Pecos Bill" was also the nickname of Civil War general William Shafter,[3] although this was before O'Reilly created the legend. Shafter was considered a hero in Texas and even had some legendary poetry written about how tough he was.[4] DescriptionAccording to the legend, Pecos Bill was born in Texas in the 1830s (or 1845 in some versions, the year of Texas' statehood). Pecos Bill's family decided to move out because his town was becoming "too crowded". Pecos Bill was traveling in a covered wagon as an infant when he fell out unnoticed by the rest of his family near the Pecos River (thus his nickname). He was taken in and raised by a pack of coyotes. Years later he was found by his real brother, who managed to convince him he was not a coyote. He grew up to become a cowboy. Pecos used a rattlesnake named Shake as a lasso and another snake as a little whip. His horse, Widow-Maker (also called Lightning), was so named because no other man could ride him and live. Dynamite was said to be his favorite food. It is also said Pecos sometimes rode a cougar instead of a horse. On one of his adventures, Pecos Bill managed to lasso a twister. It was also said that he once wrestled the Bear Lake Monster for several days until Bill finally defeated it. Pecos Bill had a lover named Slue-Foot Sue, who rode a giant catfish down the Rio Grande. He was fishing with the pack when he saw her. Shake, Widow-Maker, and Slue-Foot Sue are as idealized as Pecos Bill. After a courtship in which, among other things, Pecos Bill shoots all the stars from the sky except for one which becomes the Lone Star, Pecos proposes to Sue. She insists on riding Widow-Maker before, during or after the wedding (depending on variations in the story). Widow-Maker, jealous of no longer having Bill's undivided attention, bounces Sue off; she lands on her bustle and begins bouncing higher and higher. Pecos attempts, but fails, to lasso her, because Widow-Maker didn't want her on his back again, and she eventually hits her head on the moon. After she has been bouncing for days, Pecos Bill realizes that she would eventually starve to death, so he lassos her with Shake the rattlesnake and brings her back down. Widow-Maker, realizing that what he did to her was wrong, apologizes. In Bowman's version of the story, Sue eventually recovers from the bouncing but is so traumatized by the experience she never talks to Pecos Bill again. In other versions, Sue couldn't stop bouncing, and Bill couldn't stop her bouncing either, so Bill had to shoot her to put her out of her misery. Though it is said that Bill was married many times, he never loved the others as much as Sue, and the other relationships didn't work out. In the Melody Time version, Sue gets stranded on the moon upon impact due to Widow-Maker's interference in preventing Bill from lassoing her, causing a disheartened Bill to leave civilization and rejoin the coyotes, who now howl at the moon in honor of Bill's sorrow. In the more popular versions, including many children's books, Bill and Sue are reunited and live happily ever after. In Laura Frankos' short story "Slue-Foot Sue and the Witch in the Woods" (1998), Sue's bustle-ride deposits her in Russia, where she must fight a duel with Baba Yaga. In the "Pecos Bill" episode of Tall Tales & Legends (1985), Sue is played by Rebecca DeMornay. Appearances
See also
Notes1. ^{{cite book | last = Dorson | first = Richard M. | title = American Folklore | publisher = University of Chicago Press | year = 1977 | location = Chicago | page = 4 | isbn = 0-226-15859-4 }} 2. ^"Pecos Bill" at DrLamay.com {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024031027/http://www.drlamay.com/pecos_bill.htm |date=2007-10-24 }} 3. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=xEQOAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA517&dq=%22pecos+bill%22&as_brr=1 Arizona, prehistoric, aboriginal, pioneer, modern: the nation's ..., Volume 2] Google Books 4. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=AjILAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA104&dq=%22pecos+bill%22&as_brr=1 War-time echoes: patriotic poems, heroic and pathetic, humorous and ... ] Google Books 5. ^ "Munro, Norman (1896) [https://books.google.com/books?id=EYDhAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false "John Smith of Michigan, or The Order of the Iron Ring"] References
External links
10 : Disney animated short films, 1940s|American films|Fakelore|Tall tales|Fictional characters introduced in 1917|Fictional characters from Texas|Fictional cowboys and cowgirls|Fictional feral children|Fictional giants|Texas folklore |
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