| 词条 | Blanche Edwards-Pilliet |
| 释义 |
Early lifeHome-schooled by her well educated father, Blanche grew up learning both French and English, mathematics, science, and the classics. After taking the baccalauréat-ès-lettres in 1877 and the baccalauréat-ès-sciences in 1878, at the age of 19 she was able to enroll in the faculty of medicine in Paris.[2][3][4]Career and later lifeIn 1885, Edwards-Pilliet applied to be a hospital intern over 90 doctors and interns signed a petition against it because she was a women. However, the Paris municipal council, allowed her case to be heard and eventually, on July 31, Eugène Poubelle signed her case, allowing her to work in Parisian hospitals, on condition she did not use their intern title to enter the final exams to be a doctor. She did.[5] Blanche Edwards-Pilliet's specialty was surgery. Despite fierce competition, especially since she was a woman, in 1889 her prize-winning dissertation helped her create her first consulting room, where she worked for the next 50 years. The first few years were a struggle: most of her patients were working-class women and children, and she never asked for payment from the uninsured poor. She also taught school medicine, despite receiving low pay. In fact, she was the only woman of her time offered a medical teaching post by the Assistance Publique (Public Hospital System). During 40 years she has been a professor at the School for the Training of Male and Female Nurses in the Salpetriere and Bicetre Hospital.[6] She spent much of her time advocating for social reform, principally for women and children. In 1901, Edwards-Pilliet founded The Ligue des Mères de Famille, one of the first Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) from which many of France's social organizations later developed. Also member of the Parti radical, which advocated for women's suffrage, in 1930 she was elected vice president of one of their Paris sections. She also became Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur (National Order of the Legion of Honour) in 1924. She died in 1941, at the age of 82.[2] References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.amazon.fr/Blanche-Edwards-Pilliet-Femme-m%C3%A9decin-1858-1941/dp/2905596244|title=Blanche Edwards-Pilliet: Femme et médecin, 1858-1941|first=Claude|last=Barbizet|date=2 October 1992|publisher=Cenomane|accessdate=15 February 2018|via=Amazon}} {{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Edwards-Pilliet, Blanche}}2. ^1 2 {{cite book|last=Creese|first=Mary|title=Ladies in the Laboratory II|year=2004|publisher=Scarecrow Press, INC|location=PO Box 317 Oxford OX2, 9RU, UK|isbn=0810849798|pages=58–60}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=Stewart|first=Mary Lynn|title=For Health and Beauty: Physical Culture for Frenchwomen, 1880s-1930s|year=2001|publisher=JHU Press|isbn=9780801864834|page=52}} 4. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iYTGnndMwN0C|title=Herbes folles hier, femmes médecins aujourd'hui|last=Planiol|first=Thérèse|date=2000-01-01|publisher=Editions Cheminements|isbn=9782844780973|language=fr}} 5. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j3U5fQtT_kYC|title=Paris-Edinburgh: Cultural Connections in the Belle Epoque|last=Reynolds|first=Professor Siân|date=2013-06-28|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.|isbn=9781409479963|language=en}} 6. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TAhJAQAAMAAJ|title=The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine|last=Holland|first=Josiah Gilbert|last2=Gilder|first2=Richard Watson|date=1893-01-01|publisher=Scribner & Company; The Century Company|language=en}} 11 : French women physicians|French human rights activists|French suffragists|1858 births|1941 deaths|19th-century French physicians|20th-century French physicians|French socialists|Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur|20th-century women physicians|19th-century women physicians |
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