| 词条 | Peggy Lee |
| 释义 |
| name = Peggy Lee | image = Peggy Lee 1950.JPG | caption = Photographed in 1950 | birth_name = Norma Deloris Egstrom | birth_date = {{birth date|1920|05|26}} | birth_place = {{nowrap|Jamestown, North Dakota, U.S.}} | death_date = {{death date and age|2002|01|21|1920|05|26}} | death_place = {{nowrap|Bel Air, Los Angeles, California, U.S.}} | resting_place = Ashes buried at the Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery, Westwood, Los Angeles, U.S. | known_for = The Jazz Tree Disney's Lady and the Tramp | spouse = {{marriage|Dave Barbour|1943|1951|end=div}} {{marriage|Brad Dexter|1953|1953|end=div}} {{marriage|Dewey Martin|1956|1958|end=div}} {{marriage|Jack Del Rio|1964|1965|end=div}} | parents = Marvin Olof Egstrom Selma Amelia Anderson | children = 1 | module = | embed = yes | background = solo_singer | origin = Valley City, North Dakota | genre = {{flatlist|
| occupation = Singer, songwriter, actress, composer | instrument = Vocals | years_active = 1941–2000 | label = {{flatlist|
| associated_acts = {{flatlist|
}} Norma Deloris Egstrom (May 26, 1920 – January 21, 2002), known professionally as Peggy Lee, was an American jazz and popular music singer, songwriter, composer, and actress, in a career spanning six decades. From her beginning as a vocalist on local radio to singing with Benny Goodman's big band, she forged a sophisticated persona, evolving into a multi-faceted artist and performer. During her career, she wrote music for films, acted, and recorded conceptual record albums that combined poetry and music. Early lifeLee was born Norma Deloris Egstrom in Jamestown, North Dakota, the seventh of eight children to parents Marvin Olof Egstrom, a station agent for the Midland Continental Railroad, and his wife, Selma Amelia (née Anderson) Egstrom, on May 26, 1920. She and her family were Lutherans.[1] Her father was Swedish-American and her mother was Norwegian-American.[2] After her mother died when Lee was four,[3] her father married Minnie Schaumberg Wiese.[4] Lee first sang professionally over KOVC radio in Valley City, North Dakota.[5] She later had her own series on a radio show sponsored by a local restaurant that paid her a salary in food. Both during and after her high school years, Lee sang for small sums on local radio stations. Radio personality Ken Kennedy, of WDAY in Fargo, North Dakota (the most widely heard station in North Dakota), changed her name from Norma to Peggy Lee.[5] Lee left home and traveled to Los Angeles at the age of 17. She returned to North Dakota for a tonsillectomy and was noticed by hotel owner Frank Bering while working at the Doll House in Palm Springs, California.[6] It was here that she developed her trademark sultry purr, having decided to compete with the noisy crowd with subtlety rather than volume. Beringin offered her a gig at The Buttery Room, a nightclub in the Ambassador Hotel East in Chicago. There, she was noticed by bandleader Benny Goodman. According to Lee, "Benny's then-fiancée, Lady Alice Duckworth, came into The Buttery, and she was very impressed. So the next evening she brought Benny in, because they were looking for a replacement for Helen Forrest. And although I didn't know, I was it. He was looking at me strangely, I thought, but it was just his preoccupied way of looking. I thought that he didn't like me at first, but it just was that he was preoccupied with what he was hearing." She joined his band in 1941 and stayed for two years.[7][8] Recording careerIn 1942 Lee had her first No. 1 hit, "Somebody Else Is Taking My Place",[9] followed by 1943's "Why Don't You Do Right?" which sold over 1 million copies and made her famous. She sang with Goodman's orchestra in two 1943 films, Stage Door Canteen and The Powers Girl. In March 1943 Lee married Dave Barbour, a guitarist in Goodman's band.[10] Lee said, "David joined Benny's band and there was a ruling that no one should fraternize with the girl singer. But I fell in love with David the first time I heard him play, and so I married him. Benny then fired David, so I quit, too. Benny and I made up, although David didn't play with him anymore. Benny stuck to his rule. I think that's not too bad a rule, but you can't help falling in love with somebody." {{quote|...when she left the band that spring [1943], her intention was to quit the footlights altogether and become Mrs. Barbour, fulltime housewife. It's to Mr. Barbour's credit that he refused to let his wife's singing and composing talent lay dormant for too long. "I fell in love with David Barbour," she recalled. "But 'Why Don't You Do Right' was such a giant hit that I kept getting offers and kept turning them down. And at that time it was a lot of money. But it really didn't matter to me at all. I was very happy. All I wanted was to have a family and cling to the children [daughter Nicki]. Well, they kept talking to me and finally David joined them and said 'You really have too much talent to stay at home and someday you might regret it.'"[11]}}She drifted back to songwriting and occasional recording sessions for the Capitol Records in 1947, for whom she recorded a long string of hits, many of them with lyrics and music by Lee and Barbour, including "I Don't Know Enough About You" (1946) and "It's a Good Day" (1947). With the release of the US No. 1-selling record of 1948, "Mañana", her "retirement" was over. In 1948, Lee's work was part of Capitol's library of electrical transcriptions for radio stations. An ad for Capitol Transcriptions in a trade magazine noted that the transcriptions included "special voice introductions by Peggy."[12] In 1948 Lee joined vocalists Perry Como and Jo Stafford as a host of the NBC Radio musical program The Chesterfield Supper Club.[13][14] She was a regular on The Jimmy Durante Show and appeared frequently on Bing Crosby's radio shows during the late 1940s and early 1950s. She recorded a popular version of "Fever" by Little Willie John, written by Eddie Cooley and John Davenport,[15] to which she added her uncopyrighted lyrics ("Romeo loved Juliet," "Captain Smith and Pocahontas"). Her relationship with Capitol spanned almost three decades aside from a brief detour (1952–1956) at Decca.[16] For that label she recorded Black Coffee, one of her most acclaimed albums{{citation needed|date=August 2018}} and had hit singles such as "Lover" and "Mister Wonderful". Acting careerIn 1952, Lee starred opposite Danny Thomas in The Jazz Singer (1952), a remake of the Al Jolson film The Jazz Singer (1927). She played an alcoholic blues singer in Pete Kelly's Blues (1955), for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.[17] She provided speaking and singing voices for several characters in the Disney movie Lady and the Tramp (1955), playing the human "Darling" (in the first part of the movie), the dog "Peg", and the two Siamese cats, "Si and Am". In 1957, she guest starred on the short-lived variety program The Guy Mitchell Show. Personal lifeLee was married four times: to guitarist and composer Dave Barbour (1943–1951),[18][19] actor Brad Dexter (1953), actor Dewey Martin (1956–1958), and percussionist Jack Del Rio (1964–1965).{{citation needed|date=August 2018}} All the marriages ended in divorce. A Republican, Lee supported Dwight Eisenhower's campaign in the 1952 presidential election.[20] DeathLee continued to perform into the 1990s, sometimes confined to a wheelchair.[21] After years of poor health, she died of complications from diabetes and a heart attack on January 21, 2002, at the age of 81.[22] She was cremated and her ashes were buried in a bench-style monument in Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery in Los Angeles.[23] Carnegie Hall tributeIn 2003, "There'll Be Another Spring: A Tribute to Miss Peggy Lee" was held at Carnegie Hall.[24] Produced by recording artist Richard Barone, the sold-out event included performances by Cy Coleman, Debbie Harry, Nancy Sinatra, Rita Moreno, Marian McPartland, Chris Connor, Petula Clark, Maria Muldaur, Dee Dee Bridgewater, Quincy Jones, Shirley Horn, and others. In 2004 Barone brought the event to a sold-out Hollywood Bowl,[25] and then to Chicago's Ravinia Festival, with expanded casts including Maureen McGovern, Jack Jones and Bea Arthur.[26] The Carnegie Hall concert was broadcast on NPR's JazzSet. Awards and honorsLee was nominated for twelve Grammy Awards, winning Best Contemporary Vocal Performance for her 1969 hit "Is That All There Is?" In 1995 she was given the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. She received the Rough Rider Award from the state of North Dakota, the Pied Piper Award from the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP), the Presidents Award from the Songwriters Guild of America, the Ella Award for Lifetime Achievement from the Society of Singers, and the Living Legacy Award from the Women's International Center. In 1999 she was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame. Discography{{Main|Peggy Lee discography}}
SongwritingLee was a successful songwriter, with songs from the Disney movie Lady and the Tramp, for which she supplied the singing and speaking voices of four characters.[27] Her collaborators included Laurindo Almeida, Harold Arlen, Sonny Burke, Cy Coleman, Duke Ellington, Dave Grusin, Quincy Jones, Francis Lai, Jack Marshall, Johnny Mandel, Marian McPartland, Willard Robison, Lalo Schifrin, and Victor Young. Her first published song was in 1941, "Little Fool". "What More Can a Woman Do?" was recorded by Sarah Vaughan with Dizzy Gillespie and Charlie Parker. "Mañana (Is Soon Enough for Me)" was number 1 on the Billboard singles chart for nine weeks in 1948, from the week of March 13 to May 8. Lee was a mainstay of Capitol Records when rock and roll came onto the American music scene. She was among the first of the "old guard" to recognize this new genre, as seen by her recording music from The Beatles, Randy Newman, Carole King, James Taylor and other up-and-coming songwriters. From 1957 until her final disc for the company in 1972, she produced a steady stream of two or three albums per year which usually included standards (often arranged quite differently from the original), her own compositions, and material from young artists. She wrote the lyrics for the following songs: {{div col|colwidth=30em}}
Film and televisionFilm
Bibliography
References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.jc.edu/users/stevenso/peggylee/index.html |title=Miss Peggy Lee |publisher=University of Jamestown |author= Stevenson, Kate|date=October 26, 2005|accessdate= 30 September 2018}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.genealogi.se/shf9731.htm |title=Nättidningen RÖTTER – för dig som släktforskar! (Släkthistoriskt Forum) |publisher=Genealogi.se |date= |accessdate=April 10, 2012}} 3. ^{{cite web|author= Torresen, David (content) and uy, David (design) |url=http://www.peggylee.com/biography/bio_curbio.html |title=Biography – Current Biography |publisher=PeggyLee.com |date= |accessdate=December 15, 2012}} 4. ^{{cite web|last=Eriksmoen |first=Curt |url=http://bismarcktribune.com/news/columnists/curt-eriksmoen/peggy-lee-had-a-difficult-childhood/article_f4035046-9b98-11e1-98d9-001a4bcf887a.html |title=Peggy Lee had a difficult childhood |publisher=Bismarcktribune.com |date=May 13, 2012 |accessdate=December 15, 2012}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=McMorrow|first=Merle W.|title=A Long Short Life: The Trials, Tribulations, Travels, and Trivia of an 88 Year Old Kid|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3WxkEGwVqaYC&pg=PA146|accessdate=August 11, 2013|date=December 2010|publisher=Trafford Publishing|isbn=978-1-4269-4938-8|page=146}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Richmond|first1=Peter|title=Fever : the life and music of Miss Peggy Lee|date=2007|publisher=Picador/Henry Holt|location=New York|isbn=978-0312426613|edition=1st Picador|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1IVpXzE53o8C&pg=PA549&dq=Peggy+Lee+tonsillectomy&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAGoVChMI9sv5turvxwIVRxGSCh3vZwdk#v=onepage&q=Doll%20house&f=false|accessdate=11 September 2015}} 7. ^{{cite book|last=Balliett|first=Whitney|title=American Singers: Twenty-Seven Portraits in Song|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=25yl91-bDt8C&pg=PA88|accessdate=August 11, 2013|year=2006|publisher=Univ. Press of Mississippi|isbn=978-1-57806-835-7|page=88}} 8. ^{{cite book|last=Mackin|first=Tom|title=Brief Encounters: From Einstein to Elvis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bn61Y8umuPQC&pg=PA230|accessdate=August 11, 2013|date=June 1, 2008|publisher=AuthorHouse|isbn=978-1-4343-8561-1|page=230}} 9. ^{{Pop Chronicles 40s|2|B}} 10. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Ciment|first1=James |last2=Russell |first2=Thaddeus |title=The Home Front Encyclopedia: United States, Britain, and Canada in World Wars I and II|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n0P04JuMSM8C&pg=PA654|accessdate=August 11, 2013|year=2007|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-57607-849-5|page=654}} 11. ^Liner notes written by Will Friedwald to Peggy Lee and Benny Goodman, The Complete Recordings, 1941–1947, Columbia/Legacy, 1999 12. ^{{cite news|title=Capitol Transcriptions ad|url=http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1948/1948-06-28-BC.pdf|accessdate=December 21, 2014|agency=Broadcasting|date=June 28, 1948}} 13. ^{{cite book |last=Dunning |first=John|title=On the Air: The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EwtRbXNca0oC&pg=PA152|accessdate=June 28, 2010 |date=May 7, 1998 |publisher=Oxford University Press, US |isbn=978-0-19-507678-3|pages=152–}} 14. ^{{cite book|title=Music As Written |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dfUDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA21|accessdate=April 6, 2011|date= June 19, 1948|publisher=Nielsen Business Media|pages=21–}} 15. ^{{cite book|first=John|last=Tobler|year=1992|title=NME Rock 'N' Roll Years|edition=1st|publisher=Reed International Books Ltd|location=London|page=56|id=CN 5585}} 16. ^{{cite book|last=Strom|first=Robert|title=Miss Peggy Lee: A Career Chronicle |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X3zL9ZGtppgC&pg=PA52 |accessdate=August 11, 2013 |year=2005|publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-7864-1936-4 |page=52}} 17. ^{{cite book|first=John|last=Tobler|year=1992|title=NME Rock 'N' Roll Years|edition=1st|publisher=Reed International Books Ltd|location=London|page=18|id=CN 5585}} 18. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/nicki-lee-barbour-foster-dead-749968 |title=Nicki Lee Barbour Foster, Daughter of Peggy Lee, Dies at 71 |work=The Hollywood Reporter|accessdate=December 5, 2017}} 19. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.mtexpress.com/obituaries/nicki-lee-barbour-foster/article_3c7dfc8c-6f85-11e4-9dda-a7c93496c8cd.html|title=Nicki Lee Barbour Foster |website= Mtexpress.com |accessdate=December 5, 2017}} 20. ^Motion Picture and Television Magazine, November 1952, page 34, Ideal Publishers 21. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/08/07/news/sounds-around-town-615692.html |work=The New York Times|title=Sounds Around Town|first=Stephen|last=Holden|date=August 7, 1992}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2002/jan/23/guardianobituaries.johnfordham |title=Obituary: Peggy Lee |first=John|last=Fordham|date=January 23, 2002|accessdate=December 5, 2017|website=Theguardian.com}} 23. ^{{cite book|last=Gavin|first=James|title=Is That All There Is?: The Strange Life of Peggy Lee |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZfdtAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT540|accessdate=5 December 2017|date=11 November 2014 |publisher=Atria Books |isbn=978-1-4516-4180-6|pages=540–}} 24. ^{{cite web|author=David Torresen (content) and David Uy (design) |url=http://www.peggylee.com/solos/carnegie.html |title=There'll Be Another Spring: A Tribute to Miss Peggy Lee |publisher=PeggyLee.com |date=June 23, 2003 |accessdate=April 10, 2012}} 25. ^{{cite web|author=David Torresen (content) and David Uy (design) |url=http://www.peggylee.com/solos/july2004.html |title=There'll Be Another Spring: A Tribute to Miss Peggy Lee |publisher=PeggyLee.com |date= |accessdate=April 10, 2012}} 26. ^{{cite web|author=Robert L. Daniels|url=https://variety.com/2003/music/reviews/there-ll-be-another-spring-a-tribute-to-miss-peggy-lee-1200540893/ |title=There’ll Be Another Spring – A Tribute to Miss Peggy Lee|publisher=Variety.com|date=June 24, 2003 |accessdate=28 August 2018}} 27. ^{{cite web|title=Lady and the Tramp – 50th Anniversary Edition|url=http://www.peggylee.com/new/0602_ladyandthetramp.html |publisher=PeggyLee.com |date=February 28, 2006}} External links{{commons category}}
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