| 词条 | Penland School of Crafts |
| 释义 |
| name = Penland School Historic District | nrhp_type = hd | image = Penland School of Crafts panorama.jpg | caption = Penland School of Crafts panorama | location= NC 1164 (Conley Ridge Rd.), Penland, North Carolina | coordinates = {{coord|35|56|16|N|82|07|41.9|W|display=inline,title}} | locmapin = North Carolina#USA | area = {{convert|115|acre}} | built = {{Start date|1929}} | architect = Beeson, D.R.; Van Wageningen & Cothran | architecture = Bungalow/craftsman, Colonial Revival, Rustic Revival | added = December 10, 2003 | refnum = 03001270[1] | nocat = yes | governing_body = Private The Penland School of Crafts ("Penland") is an Arts and Crafts educational center located in the Blue Ridge Mountains in Spruce Pine, North Carolina, about 50 miles from Asheville. HistoryThe school was founded in the 1920s in the isolated mountain town of Penland, North Carolina. In 1923, Lucy Morgan (1889-1981), a teacher at the Appalachian School who had recently learned to weave at Berea College, created an association to teach the craft[2][3] to local women provide a source of income that they could earn from their homes.[3] The center, called Penland Weavers and Potters,[2] provided instruction, looms, and materials.{{citation needed|date=December 2013}} Local volunteers built a cabin and then a larger hall. In 1929, Penland was officially founded as the Penland School of Handicrafts after Edward F. Worst, a weaving expert and author of the Foot Power Loom Weaving, visited the school to provide instruction on weaving.[4][3] Worst added classes in basketry and pottery.[4] Bill Brown, who took over in 1962 after Morgan, created a resident artist program and expanded the number of and length of the courses. There are 51 buildings on 400 acres.[5] Penland buildings were designed primarily by North Carolinian architects, including Frank Harmond[6] and Cannon Architects in Raleigh, North Carolina[7] and Dixon Weinstein Architects in Chapel Hill.[8] The school campus was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003 as the Penland School Historic District.[1] The district encompasses 31 contributing buildings, 1 contributing site, and 3 contributing structures. The district is characterized by one and two-story frame farmhouses dating from the turn of the 20th century, associated agricultural outbuildings, and Rustic Revival style log buildings. Notable buildings include the Colonial Revival style Lily Loom House and Pines; the Craft Cabin; Homer Hall; Ridgeway; and Beacon Church.[9]Overview{{As of|2005}}, Penland offered Spring, Summer, and Fall workshops in craft disciplines, including weaving and dyeing, bead work, glassblowing, pottery, paper making, metalworking, and woodworking. It also offers fine arts subjects, such as printmaking, painting, and photography.[2][3] Workshops are taught by visiting American and international artists and professors,[2][3] a tradition that started with Worst and until he died in 1949.[4][3] Academic degrees are not awarded by Penland, but students can receive college credit through Western Carolina University (WCU).[10] There are about 1200 people who study at Penland each year.[5]Penland holds an annual Community Day in early March, when the school's studios are open and visitors can work on a small project with the help of the artists.[11] An exhibition of works created at Penland was held at the Mint Museum.[12] References1. ^1 {{NRISref|version=2010a}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url=http://www.craftinamerica.org/artists_fiber/story_174.php | title=Penland School of Crafts | publisher=Craft in America | accessdate=23 December 2013 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224103920/http://www.craftinamerica.org/artists_fiber/story_174.php | archivedate=24 December 2013 | df= }} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite video | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F6j-1mFb0BI#t=47 | title=Fiber artist Edwina & potter Cynthia Bringle talk about Penland School | publisher=[Craft in America] | accessdate=December 23, 2013}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url=http://www.wcu.edu/library/DigitalCollections/CraftRevival/story/penlandweavinginstitutes.html | title=Making History: Penland Weaving Institutes, 1929-1938 | publisher=Western Carolina University | accessdate=23 December 2013 | author=Hunter Library Digital Initiatives |quote=There is much more information about the history of Penland in this article.}} 5. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://penland.org/about/history.html | title=A short history | publisher=Penland School of Crafts | accessdate=23 December 2013}} 6. ^{{cite web | url=http://frankharmon.com/projects/arts/penland-school-of-arts-and-crafts-iron-studio | title=Penland School of Arts and Crafts | publisher=Frank Harmon | accessdate=23 December 2013 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224084849/http://frankharmon.com/projects/arts/penland-school-of-arts-and-crafts-iron-studio | archivedate=24 December 2013 | df= }} 7. ^{{ cite web | url=http://www.cannonarchitects.com/educational/penland-school-of-crafts-phase-ii/ | title=Penland School of Crafts - Phase II | publisher=Cannon Architects | accessdate=December 23, 2013 }} 8. ^{{cite web | url=http://daildixonfaia.squarespace.com/about-dail-dixon/ | title=About Dail Dixon | publisher=Dail Dixon | accessdate=23 December 2013}} 9. ^{{Cite web | author =Clay Griffith| title =Penland School Historic District| work = National Register of Historic Places - Nomination and Inventory | date =September 2003| url = http://www.hpo.ncdcr.gov/nr/ML0014.pdf | format = pdf | publisher = North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office | accessdate = 2015-02-01}} 10. ^{{cite web | url=http://penland.org/classes/enrolled.html | title=Enrolled | publisher=Penland School of Crafts | accessdate=23 December 2013}} 11. ^{{cite web | url=http://penland.org/programs/openhouse.html | title=Open House | publisher=Penland School of Crafts | accessdate=23 December 2013}} 12. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.mintmuseum.org/art/exhibitions/detail/the-nature-of-craft-and-the-penland-experience | title=The Nature of Craft and the Penland Experience | publisher=Mint Museum | accessdate=December 23, 2013 }} Further reading
External links
13 : Art galleries in North Carolina|Art schools in North Carolina|Crafts educators|Education in Mitchell County, North Carolina|Education in North Carolina|Educational institutions established in 1929|Tourist attractions in Mitchell County, North Carolina|School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in North Carolina|Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in North Carolina|Colonial Revival architecture in North Carolina|Buildings and structures in Mitchell County, North Carolina|National Register of Historic Places in Mitchell County, North Carolina|Artist's retreats |
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