| 词条 | Bone growth factor |
| 释义 |
A bone growth factor is a growth factor that stimulates the growth of bone tissue.[1][2] Known bone growth factors include insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), and certain members of the growth differentiation factor (GDF) group of proteins.[1][2][3] Major hormones influencing bone growth and morphology include growth hormone (which acts primarily via inducing IGF-1 production), androgens such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, and estrogens such as estradiol.[3][4] GH/IGF-1 are responsible for increasing overall body size, longitudinal bone size, and height, especially during puberty.[3][4] Estrogens cause the hips to widen and become rounded during puberty in females, and androgens cause the shoulders to broaden in males.[5][6][7] Estrogens mediate epiphyseal closure in both males and females.[3][4] Other hormones implicated in control of bone growth include thyroid hormone, parathyroid hormone,[8] calcitonin,[9] glucocorticoids such as cortisol, and vitamin D (calcitriol).[4] Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) have been successfully stimulated using extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) [10]. Human fibroblasts and osteoblasts were shown to be capable of producing bone growth factors after stimulation[10]. This method was researched as a solution for nonunion in orthopedic surgery[10].
References1. ^1 {{cite journal | vauthors = Mohan S, Baylink DJ | title = Bone growth factors | journal = Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. | volume = | issue = 263 | pages = 30–48 | year = 1991 | pmid = 1993386 | doi = 10.1097/00003086-199102000-00004| url = }} {{Growth factors}}{{Hormones}}{{biochemistry-stub}}2. ^1 {{cite journal | vauthors = Baylink DJ, Finkelman RD, Mohan S | title = Growth factors to stimulate bone formation | journal = J. Bone Miner. Res. | volume = 8 Suppl 2 | issue = | pages = S565–72 | year = 1993 | pmid = 8122528 | doi = 10.1002/jbmr.5650081326 | url = }} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal | vauthors = Shim KS | title = Pubertal growth and epiphyseal fusion | journal = Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab | volume = 20 | issue = 1 | pages = 8–12 | year = 2015 | pmid = 25883921 | pmc = 4397276 | doi = 10.6065/apem.2015.20.1.8 | url = }} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal | vauthors = Murray PG, Clayton PE | title = Endocrine control of growth | journal = Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet | volume = 163C | issue = 2 | pages = 76–85 | year = 2013 | pmid = 23613426 | doi = 10.1002/ajmg.c.31357 | url = }} 5. ^{{cite book|title=Epigenetics and Cancer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8iyAM81U1cUC&pg=PA62|date=23 November 2010|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=978-0-12-380865-3|pages=62–}} 6. ^{{cite book|author=Helmuth Nyborg|title=Hormones, Sex, and Society: The Science of Physicology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Et_nvmyZwXYC&pg=PA51|date=1 January 1994|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-275-94608-1|pages=51–}} 7. ^{{cite book|author1=David Shaffer|author2=Katherine Kipp|title=Developmental Psychology: Childhood and Adolescence|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hxHTCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA191|date=1 January 2013|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-1-111-83452-4|pages=191–}} 8. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Lombardi G, Di Somma C, Rubino M, Faggiano A, Vuolo L, Guerra E, Contaldi P, Savastano S, Colao A | title = The roles of parathyroid hormone in bone remodeling: prospects for novel therapeutics | journal = J. Endocrinol. Invest. | volume = 34 | issue = 7 Suppl | pages = 18–22 | year = 2011 | pmid = 21985975 | doi = | url = }} 9. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Carter PH, Schipani E | title = The roles of parathyroid hormone and calcitonin in bone remodeling: prospects for novel therapeutics | journal = Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets | volume = 6 | issue = 1 | pages = 59–76 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16611165 | doi = 10.2174/187153006776056666| url = }} 10. ^1 2 {{Cite journal|last=Hausdorf|first=Joerg|last2=Sievers|first2=Birte|last3=Schmitt-Sody|first3=Marcus|last4=Jansson|first4=Volkmar|last5=Maier|first5=Markus|last6=Mayer-Wagner|first6=Susanne|date=2010-08-22|title=Stimulation of bone growth factor synthesis in human osteoblasts and fibroblasts after extracorporeal shock wave application|journal=Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery|volume=131|issue=3|pages=303–309|doi=10.1007/s00402-010-1166-4|pmid=20730589|issn=0936-8051}} 4 : Bones|Connective tissue|Growth factors|Skeletal system |
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