| 词条 | Boranylium ions |
| 释义 |
A boranylium ion is an inorganic cation with the chemical formula {{Chem|BR|2|+}}, where R represents a non-specific substituent. Being electron deficient, boranylium ions form adducts with Lewis bases. Boranylium ions have historical names that depend on the number of coordinated ligands:
Borenium ions are of some interest to academic research.[1][2][3][4][5] The first borenium ion was observed in 1970 by Ryschkewitsch & Wiggins.[6] They found that aluminum chloride dissolved in methylene chloride in the presence of the adduct 4-picoline.BCl3. A positive charge on boron was then inferred from proton NMR spectroscopy. Related boron cationsBorinium ions have the formula [BX2]+,[7] where X− is usual a bulky amide (R2N−). Such species have linear geometry at boron and are coordinatively unsaturated. Boronium ions have the formula [L2BR2]+ (L = Lewis base). A well known example is (H3N)2BH2]+. Together with ammonia borane, this ion is produced by treating borane with ammonia. Boronium ions are tetrahedral and coordinatively saturated.[2][4]Other non-classical boron cations are mononuclear boron di- and tri-cations with formula [L3BX]2+ and [L4B]3+, respectively.[8] Other reported boron cations are dibora-dications (bis(borenium) dications), some examples are depicted below.[9][10] References1. ^{{Citation|last=Ingleson|first=Michael J.|date=2015|volume=49|pages=39–71|publisher=Springer International Publishing|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-13054-5_2|isbn=9783319130538|title=Synthesis and Application of Organoboron Compounds|series=Topics in Organometallic Chemistry|chapter=Fundamental and Applied Properties of Borocations}} 2. ^1 {{Cite journal|last=De Vries|first=Timothy S.|last2=Prokofjevs|first2=Aleksandrs|last3=Vedejs|first3=Edwin|date=2012-04-20|title=Cationic Tricoordinate Boron Intermediates: Borenium Chemistry from the Organic Perspective|journal=Chemical Reviews|language=EN|volume=112|issue=7|pages=4246–4282|doi=10.1021/cr200133c|issn=0009-2665|pmc=3394883|pmid=22519545}} 3. ^{{cite journal|title=The chemistry of borinium and borenium ions|authors=P. Koelle and H. Nöth|journal=Chemical Reviews|year=1985|volume=85|issue=5|pages=399–418|doi=10.1021/cr00069a004}} 4. ^1 Piers, W. E., Bourke, S. C. and Conroy, K. D. (2005), Borinium, Borenium, and Boronium Ions: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Applications. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 44: 5016–5036. {{doi|10.1002/anie.200500402}} 5. ^{{Cite journal|last=Eisenberger|first=P.|last2=Crudden|first2=C. M.|date=2017|title=Borocation catalysis|url=http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C6DT04232E|journal=Dalton Transactions|language=en|volume=46|issue=15|pages=4874–4887|doi=10.1039/c6dt04232e|pmid=28294211|issn=1477-9226}} 6. ^{{cite journal|title=Trigonal boron cation|author=George E. Ryschkewitsch and J. W. Wiggins|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|year=1970|volume=92|issue=6|pages=1790–1791|doi=10.1021/ja00709a079}} 7. ^{{Cite journal|last=Shoji|first=Yoshiaki|last2=Tanaka|first2=Naoki|last3=Mikami|first3=Koichiro|last4=Uchiyama|first4=Masanobu|last5=Fukushima|first5=Takanori|date=2014-05-11|title=A two-coordinate boron cation featuring C–B+–C bonding|url=http://www.nature.com/articles/nchem.1948|journal=Nature Chemistry|language=En|volume=6|issue=6|pages=498–503|doi=10.1038/nchem.1948|issn=1755-4330}} 8. ^{{Cite journal|last=Vargas-Baca|first=Ignacio|last2=Findlater|first2=Michael|last3=Powell|first3=Adam|last4=Vasudevan|first4=Kalyan V.|last5=Cowley|first5=Alan H.|date=2008|title=Boron di- and tri-cations|url=http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=b810575h|journal=Dalton Transactions|language=en|volume=0|issue=45|pages=6421|doi=10.1039/b810575h|pmid=19002329|issn=1477-9226}} 9. ^{{Cite journal|last=Prokofjevs|first=Aleksandrs|last2=Kampf|first2=Jeff W.|last3=Solovyev|first3=Andrey|last4=Curran|first4=Dennis P.|last5=Vedejs|first5=Edwin|date=2013-10-10|title=Weakly Stabilized Primary Borenium Cations and Their Dicationic Dimers|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|language=EN|volume=135|issue=42|pages=15686–15689|doi=10.1021/ja407458k|issn=0002-7863|pmc=3857331|pmid=24087933}} 10. ^{{Cite journal|last=Arnold|first=Nicole|last2=Braunschweig|first2=Holger|last3=Dewhurst|first3=Rian D.|last4=Hupp|first4=Florian|last5=Radacki|first5=Krzysztof|last6=Trumpp|first6=Alexandra|date=2016-08-12|title=Desymmetrizing Electron-Deficient Diboranes(4): Diverse Products and Their Reactivity|journal=Chemistry - A European Journal|language=en|volume=22|issue=39|pages=13927–13934|doi=10.1002/chem.201602805|pmid=27514500|issn=0947-6539}} 1 : Boron compounds |
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