“Braille pattern dots-4”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Braille pattern dots-4 ( {{Braille cell|4|type=text}} ) is a 6-dot or 8-dot braille cell with the top right dot raised. It is represented by the Unicode code point U+2808, and in Braille ASCII with the "at" sign: @.

Unified Braille

In unified international braille, the braille pattern dots-4 is used as a formatting indicator, accent mark, or punctuation.^[1]

Table of unified braille values

French Braille

superscript

English Braille

accent/punctuation composition

Bharati Braille

virama/halant^[2]

IPA Braille

superscript

Slovak Braille

Ä, @

Arabic Braille

abbreviation indicator

Other braille

Japanese Braille

yōon ^[1]

Korean Braille

g- / ㄱ ^[1]

Taiwanese Braille

tone 3

Two-Cell Chinese Braille

homophone discriminator

Nemeth Braille

not an independent sign ^[3]

Plus dots 7 and 8

Related to Braille pattern dots-4 are Braille patterns 47, 48, and 478, which are used in 8-dot braille systems, such as Gardner-Salinas and Luxembourgish Braille.

dots 47

dots 48

dots 478

Gardner Salinas Braille ^[5]

script indicator

definable font indicator

{{anchor|kantenji}} related 8-dot kantenji patterns

In the Japanese kantenji braille, the standard 8-dot Braille patterns 5, 15, 45, and 145 are the patterns related to Braille pattern dots-4, since the two additional dots of kantenji patterns 04, 47, and 047 are placed above the base 6-dot cell, instead of below, as in standard 8-dot braille.

Kantenji using braille patterns 5, 15, 45, or 145

This listing includes kantenji using Braille pattern dots-4 for all 6349 kanji found in JIS C 6226-1978.

Selector

Notes

1. ^¹²³⁴⁵{{cite web|title=World Braille Usage|url=http://www.duxburysystems.com/documentation/manuals.asp?book=World_1990|publisher=UNESCO|accessdate=2012-04-19}}.
2. ^{{cite web|title=Introduction to Bharati Braille|url=http://www.acharya.gen.in:8080/disabilities/bh_brl.php|accessdate=25 April 2013}}
3. ^{{cite web |title=Nemeth Braille (Mathematics Braille) |url=http://acharya.iitm.ac.in/disabilities/nemeth_brl.php |accessdate=2012-04-25 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120421113105/http://acharya.iitm.ac.in/disabilities/nemeth_brl.php |archivedate=2012-04-21 |df= }}
4. ^{{cite web|title=Index of Topics in Braille Section |url=http://dots.physics.orst.edu/gs_index.html |work=Oregon State University Science Access Project Braille topics. |accessdate=2012-04-29 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120420124208/http://dots.physics.orst.edu:80/gs_index.html |archivedate=2012-04-20 |df= }}
5. ^{{cite web|title=Index of Topics in Braille Section|url=http://dots.physics.orst.edu/gs_index.html|work=Oregon State University Science Access Project Braille topics.|accessdate=2012-04-29|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120420124208/http://dots.physics.orst.edu/gs_index.html|archivedate=2012-04-20|df=}}
6. ^{{cite book|last=UNESCO|title=World Braille Usage|year=2013|publisher=National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress|location=Washington, DC|isbn=978-0-8444-9564-4|page=88|url=http://www.pharmabraille.com/LiteratureRetrieve.aspx?ID=122064}}
7. ^{{cite web|title=ロービジョン相談と光学|url=http://www.geocities.co.jp/Technopolis/4819/body28kanten.html|accessdate=31 January 2014}}
8. ^{{cite web|title=盲人と文字 -漢点字の世界|url=http://www.kantenji.jp/ikkatsu.html|accessdate=27 December 2013}}
9. ^{{cite web|title=漢点字|url=http://www.n-braille.net/kantenji/eib.html|accessdate=27 December 2013}}
10. ^{{cite web|title=漢点字入門|url=http://www.kunijima.sakura.ne.jp/temp/taijyukai.pdf|accessdate=30 December 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231141822/http://www.kunijima.sakura.ne.jp/temp/taijyukai.pdf|archivedate=31 December 2013|df=}}