“British Army Order of Battle (September 1939)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The organisation of Divisions and Brigades of British Army in 1939, at the outbreak of the Second World War, is listed below.

The ultimate head of all the British armed forces was nominally King George VI, with the various departments of state coming underneath. The War Office covered the Army in the United Kingdom, and the Middle East Command. The professional head of the Army was the Chief of the Imperial General Staff, Lord Gort. However, Gort would command the BEF when it crossed to the continent, being replaced by General Ironside. The army was administered through the Army Council, comparable to the Air Staff or the Admiralty.

War Office

Northern Command

The Northern Command, under General Officer Commanding, Northern Command - Lieutenant General Sir William Bartholomew, with its HQ in York.^[2]^[3]

Eastern Command

Western Command

The Western Command, under General Officer Commanding, Western Command - Lieutenant General Sir Robert Haining, had its HQ in Chester.^[18]^[19]

Direct Reporting Units

Welsh Area

Welsh Area had control all units in Wales and the separate counties of: Shropshire, Herefordshire. and including the city of Beachley.

West Lancashire Area

East Lancashire Area

Supplementary Reserve

Southern Command

The Southern Command, under Lieutenant General Sir Bertie Fisher, with its HQ in Salisbury.^[20]^[21]^[22]

Aldershot Command

Scottish Command

The Scottish Command, under General Sir Charles Grant, with its HQ in Edinburgh.^[31]^[32]

Northern Ireland District

The Northern Ireland District, under Major-General Robert Pollok, with its HQ in Belfast. It had no subordinate divisions or brigades.^[36]

London District

The London District, under General Officer Commanding, Major-General Andrew Thorne, with its HQ in Horse Guards. Also known as "General Officer Commanding, London District".^[37]^[38]^[39]

Anti-Aircraft Command

There were varying numbers of brigades to each Divisional HQ, the units were drawn from the Royal Artillery and Royal Engineers.

Middle East Command

Lieutenant-General Sir Archibald Wavell was General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Middle East Command with his headquarters in Cairo, Egypt.^[43]

India and Burma Offices

Army of India

There were no British Army divisions or brigades in India^[48] but units of the British Army were posted on tour to India as the "British Army in India" and collectively with the Indian Army formed the "Army of India" under the Commander-in-Chief, India (in 1939 General Robert Cassels). He commanded this force through GHQ India, covering India, Iraq and Persia.

Northern Command, India Command

Western Independent District Command, India Command

Eastern Command, India Command

Southern Command, India Command

Colonial Office

The Colonial Office was responsible for administration of British colonies. In September the colonial office was under the Secretary of State for the Colonies Malcolm MacDonald. The office was responsible for all colonies and territories of the British Empire except for British India, Pakistan, and Burma.

Aden Colony

The forces in Aden were controlled by the Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Aden, Sir B. R. Reilly. The British forces in Aden were under control of Air Vice-marshal George Reid.^[49]^[50]

Bermuda Colony

The forces in Bermuda were reported to the Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Bermuda.^[51]^[52]

British Ceylon

The British Ceylon colony was located in modern-day Sri Lanka. The forces reported to the Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Ceylon. The British forces were under control of the colony in addition to the Ceylon Defence Force. The headquarters were at Colombo.

British Troops in China

The British controlled small areas and units throughout the China Coast including: Shanghai, Tientsin, and Hong Kong. All units and corps reported to the Governor and Governor-General of China. Each "Area" was a corps sized unit and was commanded by a general.^[54]

Egypt Command

Units of Egypt Command reported to the General Officer Commanding-in-Chief of Egypt Henry Maitland Wilson.^[55]

Gibraltar

Units reported to the Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Gibraltar Lieutenant General Sir Clive Gerard Liddell.^[56]

Notes

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_army/39_army.html |title=British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
2. ^¹{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/northern.html |title=Northern Command, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.patriotfiles.com/index.php?name=Sections&req=viewarticle&artid=6691&page=1 |title=British Northern Command on 3 September 1939 |work=The Patriot Files |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://deriv.nls.uk/dcn23/1055/2061/105520616.23.pdf|title=Army List 1939|page=67}}
5. ^¹²³{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/northern_northumbria.html |title=Northumbrian Area, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.britishmilitaryhistory.co.uk/aqadmin/media/uploads/4b4b9d6f47d12_Northumbrian%20Area%20(1939).pdf |title=Northumbrian Area (1939) |work=British Military History |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110911063702/http://www.britishmilitaryhistory.co.uk/aqadmin/media/uploads/4b4b9d6f47d12_Northumbrian%20Area%20%281939%29.pdf |archivedate=11 September 2011 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
7. ^{{Cite book|title=THE CORPS OF ROYAL ENGINEERS: ORGANIZATION AND UNITS 1889—2018|last=|first=|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=100}}
8. ^¹²³{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/northern_west-riding.html |title=West Riding Area, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
9. ^{{Cite book|title=The Organization and Order of Battle of Militaries in World War II: Volume II - The British Commonwealth|last=|first=|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=184}}
10. ^¹²{{Cite book|title=THE CORPS OF ROYAL ENGINEERS: ORGANIZATION AND UNITS 1889—2018|last=|first=|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=98}}
11. ^¹²{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/eastern.html |title=Eastern Command, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
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13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.britishmilitaryhistory.co.uk/documents.php?aid=11&nid=2&start=0 |title=United Kingdom 1939–1940, Eastern Command |work=British Military History |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
14. ^¹{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/eastern_east-anglia.html |title=East Anglia Area, Eastern Command, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
15. ^¹²³{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/eastern_home-counties.html |title=Home Counties Area, Eastern Command, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
16. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.britishmilitaryhistory.co.uk/aqadmin/media/uploads/4b40eac00b61f_Home%20Counties%20Area%20(1939).pdf |title=Home Counties Area (1939) |work=British Military History |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110911063647/http://www.britishmilitaryhistory.co.uk/aqadmin/media/uploads/4b40eac00b61f_Home%20Counties%20Area%20%281939%29.pdf |archivedate=11 September 2011 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
17. ^{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/eastern_chatam.html |title=Chatham Area, Eastern Command, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
18. ^{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/western.html |title=Western Command, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
19. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.patriotfiles.com/index.php?name=Sections&req=viewarticle&artid=6695&page=1 |title=British Western Command on 3 September 1939 |work=The Patriot Files |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
20. ^¹²{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/southern.html |title=Southern Command, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
21. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹{{cite web |url=http://www.patriotfiles.com/index.php?name=Sections&req=viewarticle&artid=6694&page=1 |title=British Southern Command on 3 September 1939 |work=The Patriot Files |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
22. ^{{Cite web|url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/southern_southwest.html|title=South-Western Area, Southern Command, British Army, 03.09.1939|last=Niehorster|first=Dr Leo|website=niehorster.org|access-date=2019-01-21}}
23. ^¹²{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/southern_southwest.html |title=South-Western Area, Southern Command, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
24. ^¹²³{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/southern_south-midland.html |title=South Midland Area, Southern Command, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
25. ^¹{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/southern_southern.html |title=Southern Area, Southern Command, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
26. ^¹²³{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/aldershot.html |title=Aldershot Command, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
27. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.britishmilitaryhistory.co.uk/documents.php?aid=10&nid=2&start=0 |title=United Kingdom 1939–1940, Aldershot Command |work=British Military History |accessdate=20 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171805/http://www.britishmilitaryhistory.co.uk/documents.php?aid=10&nid=2&start=0# |archive-date=2016-03-03 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
28. ^¹{{Cite book|title=The Organization and Order of Battle of Militaries in World War II: Volume II - The British Commonwealth|last=|first=|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=181}}
29. ^{{Cite book|title=The Organization and Order of Battle of Militaries in World War II: Volume II - The British Commonwealth|last=|first=|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=182}}
30. ^¹²{{cite web |url=http://www.patriotfiles.com/index.php?name=Sections&req=viewarticle&artid=6688&page=1 |title=British Aldershot Command on 3 September 1939 |work=The Patriot Files |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
31. ^{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/scottish.html |title=Scottish Command, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
32. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.britishmilitaryhistory.co.uk/documents.php?aid=13&nid=2&start=0 |title=United Kingdom 1939–1940, Scottish Command |work=British Military History |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
33. ^¹²{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/scottish_highland.html |title=Highland Area, Scottish Command, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
34. ^¹²³⁴⁵{{cite web |url=http://www.patriotfiles.com/index.php?name=Sections&req=viewarticle&artid=6693 |title=British Scottish Command on 3 September 1939 |work=The Patriot Files |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
35. ^¹²{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/scottish_lowland.html |title=Lowland Area, Scottish Command, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
36. ^{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/north-ireland.html |title=Northern Ireland District, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
37. ^{{Cite book|title=The Organization and Order of Battle of Militaries in World War II: Volume II - The British Commonwealth|last=|first=|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=144}}
38. ^¹²³{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/london.html |title=London District, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
39. ^¹²³{{cite web |url=http://www.patriotfiles.com/index.php?name=Sections&req=viewarticle&artid=6690 |title=British London District on 3 September 1939 |work=The Patriot Files |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
40. ^{{London Gazette |issue=38149 |date=16 December 1947 |pages=5973–5974 }}
41. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_commands/aa_command.html |title=Anti-Aircraft Command, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
42. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶{{cite web |url=http://www.patriotfiles.com/index.php?name=Sections&req=viewarticle&artid=6697 |title=British Anti-Aircraft Command, TA on 3 September 1939 |work=The Patriot Files |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
43. ^{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_army/middle-east.html |title=Middle East Command, British Army, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
44. ^¹²{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_army/egypt.html |title=Egypt, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
45. ^¹²{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_army/palestine.html |title=Palestine, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
46. ^¹{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_army/sudan.html |title=The Sudan, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
47. ^{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_gov/39_office_india-burma.htm |title=The India and Burma Office, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
48. ^{{cite web |url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_india/army.html |title=Army of India, 3 September 1939 |first=Leo |last=Niehorster |work=niehorster.org |accessdate=20 December 2016}}
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51. ^{{Cite web|url=http://niehorster.org/017_britain/39_army/bermuda.html|title=Bermuda, 03.09.1939|website=niehorster.org|access-date=2019-02-17}}
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56. ^{{Cite web|url=https://deriv.nls.uk/dcn23/1055/2061/105520616.23.pdf|title=Army List 1939|page=251-252}}