| 词条 | Bronze Medal for Merit |
| 释义 |
| name = Bronze Medal for Merit | image = Bronze Medal for Merit.jpg | caption = | awarded_by = the President | country = {{flag|South Africa|1994}} | type = Military decoration for merit | eligibility = Azanian People's Liberation Army cadres | for = Service of a high order | campaign = The "struggle" | status = Discontinued in 2003 | description = | motto = | clasps = | post-nominals = BMM | established = 1996 | first_award = | last_award = | total = | posthumous = | recipients = | precedence_label = APLA 1996 & SANDF post-2002 orders of wear | individual = | higher = {{plainlist|APLA precedence:
}}{{plainlist|SANDF precedence:
}} | same = | lower = {{plainlist|APLA succession:
}}{{plainlist|SANDF succession:
}} | related = | image2 = | caption2 = Ribbon bar }} The Bronze Medal for Merit, post-nominal letters BMM, was instituted by the President of the Republic of South Africa in April 1996. It was awarded to veteran cadres of the Azanian People's Liberation Army, the military wing of the Pan Africanist Congress, for service of a high order during the "struggle".[1][2] Azanian People's Liberation ArmyThe Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA) was the para-military wing of the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC). It was established in 1961 to wage an armed "struggle" against the Nationalist government inside South Africa. On 27 April 1994, the Azanian People's Liberation Army was amalgamated with six other military forces into the South African National Defence Force (SANDF).[1][3][4] InstitutionThe Bronze Medal for Merit, post-nominal letters BMM, was instituted by the President of South Africa in April 1996. It is the junior award of a set of three decorations for merit, along with the Gold Decoration for Merit and the Silver Medal for Merit.[1][2][8] The Azanian People's Liberation Army's military decorations and medals were modelled on those of the South African Defence Force. These three decorations are the approximate equivalents of, respectively, the Southern Cross Decoration and Pro Merito Decoration, the Southern Cross Medal (1975) and Pro Merito Medal (1975), and the Military Merit Medal.[8] Award criteriaThe decoration could be awarded to veteran cadres of the Azanian People's Liberation Army who had rendered service of a high order during the "struggle".[1] Order of wear{{main|South African military decorations order of wear#Order of wear}}The position of the Bronze Medal for Merit in the official military and national orders of precedence was revised upon the institution of a new set of honours on 27 April 2003, but it remained unchanged.[5][6]
Description
The Bronze Medal for Merit was struck in bronze and has an engrailed edge which has nine points, to fit in a circle 38 millimetres in diameter. It depicts the Azanian People's Liberation Army emblem and a protea flower in each of the nine points.[1][7][8]
The ribbon is 32 millimetres wide and dark blue, with two 6 millimetres wide dark yellow bands in the centre, spaced 4 millimetres apart.[1][7][8] DiscontinuationConferment of the Bronze Medal for Merit was discontinued upon the institution of a new set of honours on 27 April 2003.[6] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 South African Medal Website - Liberation armies (Accessed 30 April 2015) {{South African military decorations and medals}}2. ^1 South African Medal Website - Post-nominal Letters (Accessed 28 April 2015) 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/history/manifesto-mk.html |title=Manifesto of Umkhonto we Sizwe |publisher=African National Congress |date=16 December 1961 |accessdate=2006-12-30 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061217090228/http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/history/manifesto-mk.html |archivedate=17 December 2006 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy }} 4. ^Warrant of the President of the Republic of South Africa for the Institution of the "UNITAS MEDAL-UNITAS-MEDALJE", Gazette no. 16087 dated 25 November 1994. 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 Republic of South Africa Government Gazette Vol. 477, no. 27376, Pretoria, 11 March 2005, {{OCLC|72827981}} 6. ^1 Presidential Warrant by the President of the Republic of South Africa for the Institution of Honours for Bravery in the South African National Defence Force, Gazette no. 25213 dated 25 July 2003. 7. ^1 Uniform: SA Army: Former Forces Medals - Azanian Peoples Liberation Army (APLA) 8. ^1 Apla Merit Medal with miniature {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140706111948/http://www.bidorbuy.co.za/item/151689576/Apla_Merit_Medal_with_miniature.html |date=6 July 2014 }} 2 : Military decorations and medals of Azanian People's Liberation Army|Military decorations and medals of South Africa in order of precedence |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。