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词条 Bruce Straley
释义

  1. Career

  2. Works

      Video games    Literature    Film and television  

  3. Awards and nominations

  4. References

{{good article}}{{Infobox person
| image = Bruce Straley PAX Prime 2014.jpg
| alt = A man with short brown hair, smiling and looking at something to the right of the camera.
| caption = Straley at PAX Prime 2014
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| residence = Los Angeles County, California, U.S.
| occupation = {{hlist|Game director|artist|designer}}
| nationality = American
| spouse =
| children =
| alma_mater =
}}

Bruce Straley is an American game director, artist, and designer. He previously worked for the video game developer Naughty Dog, known for his work in the video games The Last of Us and A Thief's End. Straley's first video game work was as an artist at Western Technologies Inc, where he worked on two titles. Following this, he worked as a designer on titles for different companies, prior to his employment at Crystal Dynamics, where he worked as a designer on Enter the Gecko and Deep Cover Gecko.

Straley was employed at Naughty Dog in 1999. He worked as an artist on Crash Team Racing and the Jak and Daxter series. Following this, he became co-art director on Drake's Fortune, and was appointed to game director of Among Thieves. He was later chosen to lead development on The Last of Us as game director, a role he continued during the development of Uncharted 4: A Thief's End. Straley has received praise for his work. In particular, his work on The Last of Us was highly praised, and the game received several awards and nominations. He departed Naughty Dog in September 2017.

Career

Straley worked in the art and design department on two games at Western Technologies Inc: the Menacer 6-game cartridge in 1992,{{efn|name="Menacer"}} and X-Men in 1993.[1] Following this, he worked as designer on Pacific Softscape's Generations Lost in 1994,[2] and on Zono's Mr. Bones in 1996.[3] He was later employed at Crystal Dynamics, where he worked alongside Amy Hennig, who later became creative director of the Uncharted series,[4] and Evan Wells, who later became co-president of Naughty Dog,[5] as well as other future Naughty Dog employees.[4] At Crystal Dynamics, Straley worked as designer on Enter the Gecko (1998),[7] and provided additional art for Deep Cover Gecko (1999).[8] Following the release of Gex 3 in March 1999, Straley was employed at Naughty Dog.[9]

At Naughty Dog, Straley worked as an artist on Crash Team Racing in 1999.[10] Although he was employed as a texture artist, the small size of the team resulted in Straley performing various jobs, including design, background modeling and foreground animating, among others. As the size of the studio grew, the tasks became more specific.[11] Straley acted as artist on The Precursor Legacy (2001),[12] Jak II (2003)[13] and Jak 3 (2004).[14] Straley is credited with creating the technology that managed the appearance of the Jak and Daxter series, and having the knowledge to understand the technical and artistic features, bridging the communication gap between the two departments.[5] For Drake's Fortune (2007), Straley was appointed the role of co-art director, alongside Bob Rafei, which involved advancing the team's technology from the PlayStation 2 to the PlayStation 3. He was then given the role of game director for Among Thieves, which was released in 2009.[11]

Following the development of Uncharted 2, Naughty Dog split into two teams to work on projects concurrently. With one team working on Drake's Deception (2011), co-presidents Evan Wells and Christophe Balestra chose Straley and Neil Druckmann to lead development on a new game; Straley was selected to lead the project, as game director, based on his experience and his work on previous projects.[5] Though they were originally set to develop a new game in the Jak and Daxter series, the team felt that they "weren't doing service to the fans of [the] franchise", and decided to create a new game, titled The Last of Us.[19]

Straley and Druckmann had previously worked together on Uncharted 2, and found that they shared similar interests. During the development of The Last of Us, Straley and Druckmann often joked that their relationship was "like a marriage", in which they have many differing ideas, but ultimately wish to achieve the same goal. Straley's role in developing The Last of Us was to handle gameplay. However, in the final weeks of development, Straley undertook roles from different departments that were busy with other tasks; for example, he was seen hand-arranging the texts on the game's training screens, a task that lead artist Nate Wells found unusual. "I have never even heard of a game director doing that! That's like... an intern task," Wells said.[22] At the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2012, Straley showcased a gameplay demonstration of The Last of Us at Sony's press conference; his stance on the stage became an Internet meme, and was referred to as "The Bruce".[23] The game was released on June 14, 2013 to critical acclaim.[24] For his work on the game, Straley and Druckmann were nominated for Best Director from The Daily Telegraph; it was ultimately awarded to Davey Wreden for his work on The Stanley Parable (2013).[25] Straley later continued his role as game director for the downloadable expansion pack Left Behind (2014).[26]

Following Hennig's departure from Naughty Dog in March 2014, it was announced that Straley and Druckmann were working on A Thief's End (2016) as game director and creative director, respectively.[27] Initial reports claimed that Hennig was "forced out" of Naughty Dog by Straley and Druckmann, though co-presidents Evan Wells and Christophe Balestra later denied this.[28] Straley presented gameplay demonstrations of Uncharted 4 at the PlayStation Experience in December 2014,[29] and at the Electronic Entertainment Expo in June 2015.[30] The game was released on May 10, 2016 to critical acclaim.[31] For his work on the game, Straley won Outstanding Visual Effects in a Real-Time Project at the 15th Visual Effects Society Awards, alongside visual effects artists Eben Cook and Iki Ikram.[32] After the release of Uncharted 4, Straley took a break from development; he did not return to direct The Last of Us Part II.[33] On September 13, 2017, Straley announced his departure from Naughty Dog, stating that he "found [his] energy focusing in other directions" following his break.[1]

Works

Video games

YearGame titleRole
1992 name="Menacer"|The Menacer 6-game cartridge consisted of: Ready, Aim, Tomatoes!, Rockman's Zone, Space Station Defender, Whack Ball, Front Line and Pest Control.[2][3]}} Artist
1993 X-Men Art, design[4]
1994 Generations Lost Designer[5]
1996 Mr. Bones Additional animation[6]
1998 Enter the Gecko Designer[7]
1999 Deep Cover Gecko Additional art[8]
1999 Crash Team Racing Artist[9]
2001 The Precursor Legacy Artist[10]
2003 Jak II Artist[11]
2004 Jak 3 Artist[12]
2007 Drake's Fortune Co-art director[11]
2009 Among Thieves Game director[11]
2013 The Last of Us Game director[5]
2014 Left Behind Game director[13]
2016 A Thief's End Game director[14]
2017 Gorogoa Special thanks

Literature

YearTitleRoleNotes
2013 The Art of The Last of Us Writer (introduction)[15] with Neil Druckmann
2014 The Art of Naughty Dog Writer (sections) with Neil Druckmann,[16] Evan Wells, and Christophe Balestra[17]

Film and television

YearTitleNotes
2013 Grounded: Making The Last of Us Documentary[18]
2015 Conversations with Creators Web series; Episode 2[19]

Awards and nominations

DateAwardCategoryRecipient(s) and Nominee(s)ResultRef.
December 31, 2013 The Daily Telegraph Video Game Awards 2013 Best DirectorStraley|Bruce Straley and Neil Druckmann}} {{Nominated}}[20]
February 7, 2017Visual Effects Society Awards|15th Visual Effects Society Awards}} Outstanding Visual Effects in a Real-Time ProjectStraley|Bruce Straley, Eben Cook, and Iki Ikram}} {{won}}[21]
2017National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Direction in a Game CinemaStraley|Bruce Straley and Neil Druckmann}} {{Won}}[22]
Game, Franchise AdventureStraley|Bruce Straley and Neil Druckmann}} {{Won}}

References

Notes{{notelist}}Footnotes
1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2017-09-13-naughty-dogs-bruce-straley-leaves-the-studio |title=Naughty Dog's Bruce Straley leaves the studio |last=Brightman |first=James |work=Gamesindustry.biz |publisher=Gamer Network |date=September 13, 2017 |accessdate=September 14, 2017 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6tSkEBXtI?url=http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2017-09-13-naughty-dogs-bruce-straley-leaves-the-studio# |archivedate=2017-09-14 |deadurl=no |df= }}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalspy.com.au/gaming/levelup/a466096/menacer-retrospective-the-mega-drives-light-gun-flop.html |title=Menacer retrospective: The Mega Drive's light-gun flop |last=Reynolds |first=Matthew |work=Digital Spy |publisher=Hearst Corporation |date=March 16, 2013 |accessdate=July 6, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6ZoMysVLg?url=http://www.digitalspy.com.au/gaming/levelup/a466096/menacer-retrospective-the-mega-drives-light-gun-flop.html |archivedate=July 6, 2015 |deadurl=no |df= }}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://ign.com/games/menacer-6-game-cartridge/gen-12844 |title=Menacer: 6-Game Cartridge |publisher=IGN. Ziff Davis |accessdate=July 7, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6ZqK76Sog?url=http://www.ign.com/games/menacer-6-game-cartridge/gen-12844 |archivedate=July 7, 2015 |deadurl=no |df= }}
4. ^1 {{cite video game |title=X-Men |developer=Western Technologies Inc |publisher=Sega |date=March 1993 |platform=Sega Genesis |version=1.0 |scene=Credits }}
5. ^1 {{cite video game |title=Generations Lost |developer=Pacific Softscape |publisher=Time Warner Interactive |date=1994 |platform=Sega Genesis |version=1.0 |scene=Credits }}
6. ^1 {{cite video game |title=Mr. Bones |developer=Zono |publisher=Sega |date=October 18, 1996 |platform=Sega Saturn |version=1.0 |scene=Credits }}
7. ^1 {{cite video game |title=Enter the Gecko |developer=Crystal Dynamics |publisher=BMG Interactive, Midway Games |date=January 31, 1998 |platform=PlayStation |version=1.0 |scene=Credits }}
8. ^1 {{cite video game |title=Deep Cover Gecko |developer=Crystal Dynamics |publisher=Eidos Interactive |date=March 1, 1999 |platform=PlayStation |version=1.0 |scene=Credits }}
9. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://naughtydog.com/corporate/kennel/bSTRALEY/bruceSTRALEY.htm |title=Bruce Straley |publisher=Naughty Dog. Sony Computer Entertainment |accessdate=July 6, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040520231757/http://naughtydog.com/corporate/kennel/bSTRALEY/bruceSTRALEY.htm |archivedate=May 20, 2004 }}
10. ^1 {{cite video game |title=The Precursor Legacy |developer=Naughty Dog |publisher=Sony Computer Entertainment |date=December 3, 2001 |platform=PlayStation 2 |version=1.0 |scene=Credits }}
11. ^1 {{cite video game |title=Jak II |developer=Naughty Dog |publisher=Sony Computer Entertainment |date=October 14, 2003 |platform=PlayStation 2 |version=1.0 |scene=Credits }}
12. ^1 {{cite video game |title=Jak 3 |developer=Naughty Dog |publisher=Sony Computer Entertainment |date=November 9, 2004 |platform=PlayStation 2 |version=1.0 |scene=Credits }}
13. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/videos/the-last-of-us-developers-talk-left-behind-dlc-spo/2300-6417282/ |title=The Last of Us Developers Talk Left Behind DLC [SPOILERS] |last=Jayne |first=Jeremy |publisher=GameSpot. CBS Interactive |date=February 17, 2014 |accessdate=July 6, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6YPb8rZlU?url=http://www.gamespot.com/videos/the-last-of-us-developers-talk-left-behind-dlc-spo/2300-6417282/ |archivedate=May 10, 2015 |deadurl=no |df= }}
14. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://ign.com/articles/2014/06/02/the-last-of-us-directors-are-officially-heading-up-uncharted-4 |title=The Last of Us' Directors Are Officially Heading Up Uncharted 4 |last=Moriarty |first=Colin |publisher=IGN. Ziff Davis |date=June 2, 2014 |accessdate=July 6, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6YPIOgcbt?url=http://www.ign.com/articles/2014/06/02/the-last-of-us-directors-are-officially-heading-up-uncharted-4 |archivedate=May 9, 2015 |deadurl=no |df= }}
15. ^{{cite book |title=The Art of The Last of Us |page=7 |last1=Druckmann |first1=Neil |authorlink1=Neil Druckmann |last2=Straley |first2=Bruce |authorlink2=Bruce Straley |publisher=Dark Horse Comics |location=United States of America |date=June 2013 }}
16. ^{{cite book |title=The Art of Naughty Dog |pages=126–145 |chapter=The Last of Us |last1=Druckmann |first1=Neil |authorlink1=Neil Druckmann |last2=Straley |first2=Bruce |editor-last=Wright |editor-first=Brendan |publisher=Dark Horse Comics |location=United States of America |date=October 2014 }}
17. ^{{cite book |title=The Art of Naughty Dog |pages=146–159 |chapter=Undeveloped Projects |last1=Wells |first1=Evan |last2=Straley |first2=Bruce |last3=Balestra |first3=Christophe |editor-last=Wright |editor-first=Brendan |publisher=Dark Horse Comics |location=United States of America |date=October 2014 }}
18. ^{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0l7LzC_h8I |title=Grounded: Making The Last of Us |people=Naughty Dog and Area 5 |publisher=Sony Computer Entertainment |year=2013 |accessdate=July 6, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6TEca1RXi?url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0l7LzC_h8I |archivedate=October 11, 2014 |deadurl=no |df= }}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://blog.us.playstation.com/2015/06/22/conversations-with-creators/ |title=Conversations with Creators with Wil Wheaton Premieres July 7th |last=Wheaton |first=Wil |authorlink=Wil Wheaton |work=PlayStation Blog |publisher=Sony Computer Entertainment |date=June 22, 2015 |accessdate=July 10, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6ZuwbxGal?url=http://blog.us.playstation.com/2015/06/22/conversations-with-creators/ |archivedate=July 10, 2015 |deadurl=no |df= }}
20. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/video-games/10542023/Telegraph-Video-Game-Awards-2013.html |title=Telegraph Video Game Awards 2013 |last=Hoggins |first=Tom |work=The Daily Telegraph |publisher=Telegraph Media Group |location=London |date=December 31, 2013 |accessdate=July 6, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6YDIHEcRe?url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/video-games/10542023/Telegraph-Video-Game-Awards-2013.html |archivedate=May 2, 2015 |deadurl=no |df= }}
21. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://deadline.com/2017/02/ves-awards-winners-list-live-blog-rogue-one-fantastic-beasts-game-of-thrones-1201904746/ |title=VES Awards Live Blog & Winners List: 'Jungle Book' & 'Deepwater Horizon' Have Two Apiece |last1=Grobar |first1=Matt |last2=Pedersen |first2=Erik |work=Deadline Hollywood |publisher=Penske Media Corporation |date=February 7, 2017 |accessdate=February 8, 2017 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6o7DitGFM?url=http://deadline.com/2017/02/ves-awards-winners-list-live-blog-rogue-one-fantastic-beasts-game-of-thrones-1201904746/ |archivedate=February 8, 2017 |deadurl=no }}
22. ^{{cite web|title=NAVGTR Awards (2016)|url=http://navgtr.org/winners/2016-awards/|website=National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers}}
23. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.naughtydog.com/crash/crash/timeline.htm |title=Crash Bandicoot – Time Line |publisher=Naughty Dog. Sony Computer Entertainment |accessdate=July 6, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080729045219/http://www.naughtydog.com/crash/crash/timeline.htm |archivedate=July 29, 2008 }}
24. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2013/02/25/something-in-the-water-crystal-dynamics-in-the-90s.aspx?PostPageIndex=7 |title=Something In The Water: Crystal Dynamics In The '90s |page=7 |last=Helgeson |first=Matt |work=Game Informer |publisher=GameStop |date=February 25, 2013 |accessdate=July 6, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6ZoO9ziLv?url=http://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2013/02/25/something-in-the-water-crystal-dynamics-in-the-90s.aspx?PostPageIndex=7 |archivedate=July 6, 2015 |deadurl=no |df= }}
25. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://ign.com/articles/2014/03/05/uncharted-ps4-writer-amy-hennig-leaves-naughty-dog |title=Uncharted PS4 Writer Amy Hennig Leaves Naughty Dog |last=Dyer |first=Mitch |publisher=IGN. Ziff Davis |date=March 4, 2014 |accessdate=July 6, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6YPISoWEq?url=http://www.ign.com/articles/2014/03/05/uncharted-ps4-writer-amy-hennig-leaves-naughty-dog |archivedate=May 9, 2015 |deadurl=no |df= }}
26. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2012/02/24/expanding-the-house-naughty-dog-39-s-second-team.aspx |title=Expanding The House: Naughty Dog's Second Team |last=Turi |first=Tim |work=Game Informer |publisher=GameStop |date=February 24, 2012 |accessdate=July 6, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6VOg9Z8eX?url=http://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2012/02/24/expanding-the-house-naughty-dog-39-s-second-team.aspx |archivedate=January 7, 2015 |deadurl=no |df= }}
27. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/naughty-dog-reveals-how-axed-jack-and-daxter-reboot-led-to-the-last-of-us/1100-6415331/ |title=Naughty Dog reveals how axed Jack and Daxter reboot led to The Last of Us |last=Gaston |first=Martin |publisher=GameSpot. CBS Interactive |date=October 4, 2013 |accessdate=July 6, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6YOL3TIlI?url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/naughty-dog-reveals-how-axed-jack-and-daxter-reboot-led-to-the-last-of-us/1100-6415331/ |archivedate=May 9, 2015 |deadurl=no |df= }}
28. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2012/02/22/the-past-present-and-future-of-naughty-dog-an-interview-with-the-co-presidents.aspx |title=New Tricks: An Interview With Naughty Dog's Co-Presidents |last=Hansen |first=Ben |work=Game Informer |publisher=GameStop |date=February 22, 2012 |accessdate=July 6, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6VOeIaJhr?url=http://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2012/02/22/the-past-present-and-future-of-naughty-dog-an-interview-with-the-co-presidents.aspx |archivedate=January 7, 2015 |deadurl=no |df= }}
29. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.naughtydog.com/site/post/the_last_of_us_presents_the_bruce/ |title=The Last of Us presents The Bruce |last=Paul |first=Jason |publisher=Naughty Dog. Sony Computer Entertainment |date=June 12, 2012 |accessdate=July 7, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6ZosYQXWG?url=http://www.naughtydog.com/site/post/the_last_of_us_presents_the_bruce/ |archivedate=2015-07-06 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
30. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/the-last-of-us-2-bruce-straley-not-returning-to-di/1100-6445961/ |title=The Last of Us 2: Bruce Straley Not Returning to Direct |last=Makuch |first=Eddie |work=GameSpot |publisher=CBS Interactive |date=December 4, 2016 |accessdate=December 7, 2016 |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20161211170055/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/the-last-of-us-2-bruce-straley-not-returning-to-di/1100-6445961/ |archivedate=December 11, 2016 |deadurl=no }}
31. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.computerandvideogames.com/410928/the-last-of-us-review-round-up-easily-naughty-dogs-finest-moment |title=The Last of Us review round-up: 'Easily Naughty Dog's finest moment' |last=Hussain |first=Tamoor |work=Computer and Video Games |publisher=Future plc |date=June 5, 2013 |accessdate=July 6, 2015 |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130608062740/http://www.computerandvideogames.com/410928/the-last-of-us-review-round-up-easily-naughty-dogs-finest-moment |archivedate=June 8, 2013 }}
32. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.polygon.com/2015/6/20/8817971/uncharted-4-e3-demo-blooper-snafu-gaffe |title=Why Uncharted 4's action-packed demo began with 30 seconds of standing around |last=Good |first=Owen S. |work=Polygon |publisher=Vox Media |date=June 20, 2015 |accessdate=July 6, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6ZotGvdAX?url=http://www.polygon.com/2015/6/20/8817971/uncharted-4-e3-demo-blooper-snafu-gaffe |archivedate=July 6, 2015 |deadurl=no |df= }}
33. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.escapistmagazine.com/news/view/138923-Uncharted-4-A-Thiefs-End-PlayStation-Experience-Demo |title=Uncharted 4: A Thief's End PlayStation Experience Demo |last=LeBoeuf |first=Sarah |work=The Escapist |publisher=Defy Media |date=December 7, 2014 |accessdate=July 6, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6Zot6PPPJ?url=http://www.escapistmagazine.com/news/view/138923-Uncharted-4-A-Thiefs-End-PlayStation-Experience-Demo |archivedate=July 6, 2015 |deadurl=no |df= }}
34. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/uncharted-4-review-roundup/1100-6439508/ |title=Uncharted 4 Review Roundup |last=Hussain |first=Tamoor |work=GameSpot |publisher=CBS Interactive |date=May 5, 2016 |accessdate=July 15, 2016 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507222059/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/uncharted-4-review-roundup/1100-6439508/ |archivedate=May 7, 2016 |deadurl=no |df= }}
35. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://gamasutra.com/view/news/196409/The_Last_of_Us_art_director_talks_egoless_game_development.php |title=The Last of Us art director talks ego-less game development |last=Ligman |first=Kris |work=Gamasutra |publisher=UBM plc |date=July 16, 2013 |accessdate=July 6, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6VdvXm9Sm?url=http://gamasutra.com/view/news/196409/The_Last_of_Us_art_director_talks_egoless_game_development.php |archivedate=January 17, 2015 |deadurl=no |df= }}
[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]
}}{{Portal bar|Biography|Video games|border=yes}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Straley, Bruce}}

8 : American video game designers|Living people|Uncharted|The Last of Us|Place of birth missing (living people)|American video game directors|Year of birth missing (living people)|Naughty Dog people
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