| 词条 | Bunker Spreckels |
| 释义 |
| name = Bunker Spreckels | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = Adolph Bernard Spreckels III | birth_date = {{Birth date|1949|08|15}} | birth_place = {{nowrap|Los Angeles County, California, U.S.}} | death_date = {{Death date and age|1977|01|07|1949|08|15}} | death_place = Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S. | resting_place = Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale, California | nationality = | other_names = | occupation = | known_for = Surfing | parents = Kay Williams Adolph Bernard Spreckels II | relatives = Clark Gable (stepfather) Claus Spreckels (great-grandfather) }} Bunker Spreckels (born Adolph Bernard Spreckels III; August 15, 1949 — January 7, 1977) was an American surfer and an early pioneer of a surfboard design which some people believe eventually led to the creation of the fish style of board. He was the great-grandson of German-born sugar baron Claus Spreckels.[1] He was heir to the Spreckels sugar fortune, and when his mother married Clark Gable, he became the stepson of Clark Gable.[2] Bunker, as he was known by his family, met surf photographer Art Brewer in 1969 at the surf spot known as Banzai Pipeline whilst Brewer was on a three-month photo shoot for Surfer magazine.[2] Early lifeSpreckels was born in Los Angeles County, California.
Family connections (Hawaii)Bunker enjoyed a wide range of connections ranging from the highest echelons of Hawaiian society to the worlds of surfing, swimming and acting. His great-grandfather Claus became a close friend and confidant of the last reigning king of Hawaii, David Kalakaua. After arriving in Hawaii in the late 1800s, Claus visited King David, sometimes known as the Merrie Monarch, who owed large debts to various people. Claus paid the debts and in return was given land that he used for sugar plantation. His support of Kalakaua was immensely beneficial and the addition of his Hawaiian enterprise made Spreckels a multi-millionaire, with a fortune estimated at $12 to $25 million in the late 1880s.[3] Bunker’s mother Kay was the fifth wife of Hollywood legend Clark Gable who, after marrying Kay in 1955, became Bunker’s stepfather. Gable was held in high esteem in Hawaii due to his close friendship with Duke Kahanamoku, the figure generally revered by the surf community as the father of modern surfing.[4] Duke, amongst other roles, spent time as an actor following a successful period as an Olympic swimmer and competed against another Olympian turned actor Johnny Weissmuller in the 1924 Olympics in Paris. Weissmuller himself achieved Hollywood fame as the lead in multiple Tarzan films. Early life in HawaiiHis family's Hawaiian connections endeared Bunker to the local community; “the beach boys of Waikiki became his mentors and introduced him to "Oahu's North Shore.”[1] This mentoring was rare as Bunker was white with blonde hair and blue eyes which in Hawaii classified him as a haole, meaning, in its simplest term, a foreigner, aloof and ignorant of local ways. Many non-Hawaiians who moved to the islands in the 1960s during the surfing boom fell foul of this classification and suffered violence from the local surfers for their apparent lack of respect. Australian surfer Wayne "Rabbit" Bartholomew describes such events vividly in his book Bustin’ Down the Door, including an episode where he was attacked and lost some of his teeth.[5] During this time Bunker eschewed his family fortune preferring a simple life, away from the glare of publicity. He survived by building surfboards and eating the fruit that grew freely on the North Shore of Oahu. C. R. Stecyk states Bunker pioneered a “revolutionary approach to board design and wave riding that has never been equalled. Bunker crafted radically short, hard edged boards that he rode lying down, on his knees, and standing up, oftentimes changing to the most effective body position several times during a single ride.”[1] In 1970 Bunker was riding a board which became known as the Bunker board. It was this board that it is believed to have evolved into the style that is now known as the fish, although the fish incorporates a combination of many different styles. Later yearsOnce Bunker inherited his family fortune on his 21st birthday, the simple life ended. Like his father before him (whom Bunker estimates spent in the region of $50m)[1] Bunker enjoyed the freedom it gave him to do things he hadn’t been able to do before, including travel. It also led to him developing an expensive drugs habit – which is believed to have led eventually to his death. A lifestyle of excess is described by Art Brewer who, in 1974, travelled with Bunker to Los Angeles, London, South Africa and Paris “to surf and to photograph their experiences”.[1] He explains the rule of the trip as being very simple: “If I was fired I’d receive a first class return ticket home; if I quit, I was on my own. No salary but all expenses paid.” The trip itself he describes simply as “pure 24/7 crazy shit. Anything could happen and did.” DeathIt was two years later, while Brewer and Craig Stecyk were talking to Rolling Stone magazine about writing and shooting a story about Bunker, that the news came through that Bunker had died at a friend’s house on the North Shore. Bunker died on January 7, 1977 and is interred at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale, California, near his stepfather, Clark Gable and his mother, Kay Spreckels.[6][7][8] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book |last1=Brewer |first1=Art |last2=Stecyk III |first2=C.R. |title=Bunker Spreckels Surfing's Divine Prince of Decadence|year=2007}} 2. ^1 {{cite news|last=George|first=Lynell|title=A Surfing God Rides Again|newspaper=LA Times|date=23 December 2007}} 3. ^Claus Spreckels: Robber Baron and Sugar King (1828-1908) Uwe Spiekerman, German Historical Institute 4. ^Article on Go Hawaii website 5. ^{{cite book|last1=Bartholomew|first1=Wayne|last2=Baker|first2=Tim|title=Bustin' Down the Door|year=2002|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers (Australia) Pty Ltd}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/8811|title=Adolph Bernard "Bunker" Spreckels, III (1949 - 1977) - Find A Grave Memorial|website=www.findagrave.com|access-date=2016-06-26}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/373|title=Clark Gable (1901 - 1960) - Find A Grave Memorial|website=www.findagrave.com|access-date=2016-06-26}} 8. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/8810|title=Kathleen Gretchen "Kay" Williams Gable (1916 - 1983) - Find A Grave Memorial|website=www.findagrave.com|access-date=2016-06-26}} External links
4 : American surfers|1949 births|1977 deaths|Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale) |
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