| 词条 | Burr H. Nicholls |
| 释义 |
| name = Burr H. Nicholls | image = Burr H. Nicholls, image from 1906 newspaper.jpg | caption = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1848|12|9}} | birth_place = Lockport, New York | death_date = {{Death date and age|1915|5|12|1848|12|9}} | death_place = Stamford, Connecticut | resting_place = Glenwood Cemetery, Lockport, New York[1] | resting_place_coordinates = {{coord|43|10|53.73|N|78|42|33.1|W|type:Landmark|display=inline}} | nationality = American | education = Carolus-Duran | alma_mater = | known_for = | notable_works = | style = | movement = | spouse = Rhoda Holmes Nicholls | awards = | elected = | patrons = | memorials = }} Burr H. Nicholls (December 9, 1848 – May 12, 1915) was an American painter who studied art with Carolus-Duran in Paris and first exhibited his work in London at Dudley Gallery. Most of his works were based upon scenes from the seven years that he studied and lived in Europe. Nicholls was married three times, but it was his marriage to his second wife, Rhoda Holmes Nicholls, that caused a media sensation across the United States. In 1897 both Burr and Rhoda Nicholls submitted paintings to the Paris Salon; Rhoda's was accepted with honorable mention but Burr's was rejected. This triggered a period of marital discontent followed by separation. Their divorce was finalized in 1906 and was reported in many American newspapers. Journalists warned women of the peril of pursuing vocations that put them in competition with their husbands. Early lifeBurr H. Nicholls was born in Lockport, New York[2] to Luman Nicholls and Ann Halliday Nicholls.[3] Painters in his family included his mother and his nephew Henry, son of his brother Mark. Henry made copies of several of Burr's paintings including a Brittany farm scene and The Red Staircase.[4] MarriageHis first of three marriages was to Alice McDonald[4] or Alethea P. McConnell[3] in 1871; she died in 1876.[3] Nicholls met the English artist Rhoda Holmes during a trip to Venice. They married in 1884 at Lyminster Church in Sussex, England,[4][5] honeymooned in Venice[6] and sailed for the United States[4] in the spring of 1884.[7] The couple exhibited their works in some of the same shows, like the Chicago Interstate Industrial Expositions.[8] In 1893 the Nicholls lived in a "cosey" home and both had studios on the top floor.[9] By 1896, Nicholls lived with his wife in a West 50th Street mansion in New York City with their daughter and son,[10] Rhoda Olive and Arundel Holmes Nicholls.[5] The couple's marriage became contentious when in 1897 one of Rhoda Holmes Nicholls works was accepted with honorable mention by the Paris Salon, but Burr's work was denied. The couple separated the following year.[17][11]{{#tag:ref|In 1898 he and his mother lived in the same house in Lockport, New York.[12] and in 1902 he had an art studio in the Coal & Iron Exchange Building in Buffalo.[13]|group="nb"}} Their divorce was finalized by September 18, 1906[14] and "newspapers widely warned women about the dangers of success and its potential influence on marital and domestic bliss."[15] His final marriage was to Josephine Lewis of Buffalo, New York. Her brother was Dr. Park Lewis, a "well-known physician".[4][16] Education and careerNicholls studied art in Buffalo, New York with Lars (L.G.) Sellstedt[2][4] and with Carolus-Duran at the Paris Beaux Arts.[2][28] He studied and worked in England, Paris, Italy and Brittany for seven years which provided inspiration for his paintings for years.[2][3] Most of Nicholl's paintings were made of European subjects and settings,[4] like A Street Scene in France and A Quiet Corner, Venice, exhibited at the Pan-American Exposition of 1901 held in Buffalo, New York.[17] His first exhibition was in 1879 at London's Dudley Gallery.[2] Nicholls exhibited at "every important exhibition in America" and the Paris Salon.[3][18] His work was favorably received at the 1891 Society for the Promotion of Art exhibition at Eden Musée [New York].[19] The Buffalo Fine Arts Academy, now the Albright-Knox Art Gallery, had acquired works by Nicholls by 1882.[20][21] He and his third wife were members of the Buffalo Historical Society.[22][23] DeathNicholls died in May, 1915 in Lockport, New York.[18][28]{{#tag:ref|The Union List of Artists Names records Stamford, Connecticut as the place of death.[24]|group="nb"}} Collections
Notes1. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Nicholls&GSiman=1&GScid=64660&GRid=61934135& | title=Burr H. Nicholls - dates and cemetery | publisher=Find a Grave | accessdate=September 3, 2014 }} 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|author=Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts|title=Descriptive Catalogue of the Permanent Collections of Works of Art on Exhibition in the Galleries|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n6g_AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA34|year=1897|publisher=Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts|page=34}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book|title=The Artists Year Book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D2M6AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA141|year=1905|publisher=Art League Publishing Association.|page=141}} 4. ^1 {{cite book|author=George Washington Cable|title=The Symposium: A Monthly Literary Magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cRQbAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA96|year=1896|publisher=J.W. Cable|page=96}} 5. ^1 {{cite book|title=The International Who's who: Who's who in the World : a Biographical Dictionary of the World's Notable Living Men and Women|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yl5kAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA809|year=1911|publisher=International Who's Who Publishing Company|page=809}} 6. ^{{cite book|title=Quarterly Illustrator|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lsMEAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA35|year=1893|publisher=H. C. Jones|page=35}} 7. ^{{cite book|author1=Frances Elizabeth Willard|author2=Mary Ashton Rice Livermore|title=A Woman of the Century: Fourteen Hundred-seventy Biographical Sketches Accompanied by Portraits of Leading American Women in All Walks of Life|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zXEEAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA535|year=1893|publisher=Moulton|page=535}} 8. ^{{cite book|author=Kirsten M. Jensen|title=The American Salon: The Art Gallery at the Chicago Interstate Industrial Exposition, 1873-1890|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BJmw6-GVhz0C&pg=PA437|year=2007|publisher=ProQuest|isbn=978-0-549-25892-6|pages=437, 449–450, 476}} 9. ^{{cite book|title=Quarterly Illustrator|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lsMEAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA36|year=1893|publisher=H. C. Jones|page=36}} 10. ^{{cite book|author=George Washington Cable|title=The Symposium: A Monthly Literary Magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cRQbAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA96|year=1896|publisher=J.W. Cable|pages=96–97}} 11. ^{{cite journal |title=Wife's Success Killed Love | work=The Evening News | location=Ada, Oklahoma | date=October 30, 1906 | page=4 }} 12. ^{{ citation | title=Waite's Lockport City Directory | publisher=L.P. Waite & Company, Publishers | year=1898 | page=229 }} 13. ^{{ citation | title=Buffalo, New York, City Directory | year=1902 }} 14. ^{{cite journal | title=Artists Disagree: Divorce | work=Cedar Falls Gazette | location=Cedar Falls, Iowa | page=6 }} 15. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://wcma.williams.edu/exhibit/rhoda-holmes-nicholls/ | title=Rhoda Holmes Nicholls | publisher=Williams College Museum of Art | accessdate=September 1, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140902192455/http://wcma.williams.edu/exhibit/rhoda-holmes-nicholls/# | archive-date=2014-09-02 | dead-url=yes | df= }} 16. ^{{cite book|author=National Society for the Prevention of Blindness|title=The Heritage Left by Dr. Park Lewis|year=1940}} 17. ^{{cite book|author=Buffalo (N.Y.). Pan-American Exposition, 1901|title=Catalogue of the Exhibition of Fine Arts|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YWi6BAzqkGwC&pg=PA14|year=1901|publisher=D. Gray|pages=3, 14}} 18. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{ cite journal | url=http://fultonhistory.com/Newspaper%2018/Lockport%20NY%20Union%20Sun%20Journal/Lockport%20NY%20Union%20Sun%20Journal%201955/Lockport%20NY%20Union%20Sun%20Journal%201955%20-%200288.pdf | title=Art Talent Survives Years of Neglect (Henry M. Nicholls) | work=Union-Sun & Journal | location=Lockport, New York |date=January 27, 1955 | page=6 }} 19. ^{{cite book|title=Epoch|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q3o4AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA212|accessdate=September 3, 2014|year=1891|publisher=Epoch publishing Company.|page=212|chapter=Art Notes}} 20. ^{{cite book|title=The United States Art Directory and Yearbook. [1st-2d Year] A Guide for Artists, Art Students, Travellers, Etc|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tgorAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA23|year=1882|publisher=Cassell, Petter, Galpin & Company|page=23}} 21. ^{{cite book|title=The United States Art Directory and Year-book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G5s6AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA78|year=1884|publisher=Cassell, Petter, Galpin & Company|pages=78, 188}} 22. ^{{cite book|author=Frank Hayward Severance|title=Publications of the Buffalo Historical Society: Volume IX|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kk4_AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA503|year=1906|publisher=Buffalo Historical Society|page=503}} 23. ^{{cite book|author=Buffalo Historical Society (Buffalo, N.Y.)|title=Address of the President and Report of the Director Submitted at the Annual Meeting|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9SwzAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA2-PA14|year=1917|pages=14, 66}} 24. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500082708 | title=Burr H. Nicholls | publisher=The J. Paul Getty Trust | work=Union List of Artists Names | accessdate=September 3, 2014 }} 25. ^{{cite book|author=Buffalo Fine Arts Academy|title=Catalogue of the Permanent Collection of Sculpture and Paintings, with Some Additions|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=U5cDAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA54|year=1907|publisher=Academy|pages=53, 54, 55}} 26. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal | jstor=25588630 | title=Burr H. Nicholls (obituary) | work=American Art News | volume=13 | number=33 | date=June 12, 1915 }} 27. ^{{cite book|author=Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts|title=Descriptive catalogue of the permanent collections of works of art on exhibition in the galleries|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8dZYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA43|year=1903|publisher=The Academy|page=43}} References{{reflist|30em}}External links{{commons category-inline}}
6 : 1848 births|1915 deaths|19th-century American painters|American male painters|20th-century American painters|19th-century male artists |
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