| 词条 | Peter Nicholls (writer) |
| 释义 |
|name=Peter Nicholls |image=Peter Nicholls.jpg | caption = Nicholls on a 2014 Worldcon panel discussing The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction | birth_name= Peter Douglas Nicholls |birth_date={{birth date|df=yes|1939|3|8}} |birth_place=Melbourne, Victoria, Australia |death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|2018|3|6|1939|3|8}} |death_place=Melbourne, Victoria |genre=Science fiction |language=English |occupation=Literary scholar, critic, writer }}Peter Douglas Nicholls (8 March 1939 – 6 March 2018)[1] was an Australian literary scholar and critic. He was the creator and a co-editor of The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction with John Clute.[2] Early careerBorn in Melbourne, Victoria, he spent two decades from 1968 to 1988 as an expatriate, first in the US, and then the UK.[2] Nicholls' early career was as a literary academic, originally with the University of Melbourne. He first travelled to the US in 1968 on a Harkness Fellowship in film making, and has scripted television documentaries.[2] His significant contributions to science fiction scholarship and criticism began in 1971, when he became the first Administrator of the Science Fiction Foundation (UK), a position he held until 1977.[2] He was editor of its journal, Foundation: The Review of Science Fiction, from 1974 to 1978.[2] The Encyclopedia of Science FictionIn 1979, Nicholls edited The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (published in the US as The Science Fiction Encyclopedia), with John Clute as associate editor.[3]{{clarify|date=November 2018|reason=The target page at NLA doesn't now mention the 1979 first edition, nor the US edition.}} Most of its 730,000 words were written by Nicholls, Clute and two contributing editors.{{cn|date=November 2018}} It won the 1980 Hugo Award in the Nonfiction Book category.[4] A completely revised, updated, and greatly expanded version of the Encyclopedia, co-edited with Clute, was published in 1993, and won the 1994 Hugo in the same category.[2] A further updating of the work, with revisions and corrections, was later issued in CD-ROM format.[2] The third edition, with Clute and David Langford, was released online as a beta text in October 2011.[2] Other workNicholls' other major publications include: Science Fiction at Large (1976; reprinted 1978 under the title Explorations of the Marvellous), a collection of essays edited by Nicholls from a 1975 symposium; The Science in Science Fiction (1983) edited by Nicholls and written by him with David Langford and Brian Stableford; and Fantastic Cinema (1984; published in the US as The World of Fantastic Films).[2] He won several awards for his scholarship, including the Science Fiction Research Association's Pilgrim Award (1980), an Eaton Award (1995) and a Peter McNamara Award (2006).[2] He broadcast film and book reviews on BBC Radio from 1974 and worked as a publisher's editor 1982–1983.[2] Nicholls was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in 2000, which gradually curtailed his activities.[5] A film on his interest and work in science fiction, titled The What-If Man, was completed in 2004.[6] Personal lifeNicholls was the father of five children. His daughter is author and editor Sophie Cunningham.[7] He lived in Melbourne with his wife, Clare Coney, where he died on 6 March 2018 at the age of 78.[2] References1. ^Clément Solym. [https://www.actualitte.com/article/monde-edition/mort-de-peter-nicholls-editeur-de-l-encyclopedie-de-la-science-fiction/87651 "Mort de Peter Nicholls, éditeur de l'Encyclopédie de la science-fiction"]. 6 March 2018. Retrieved 2018-03-06. 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web|url=http://locusmag.com/2018/03/peter-nicholls-1939-2018/|title=Peter Nicholls (1939–2018)|publisher=Locus |accessdate=2018-03-07}} 3. ^The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction edited by Peter Nichols and John Clute, National Library of Australia website. Retrieved 2018-03-10. 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1980-hugo-awards/|title=1980 Hugo Awards|publisher=World Science Fiction Society|accessdate=2010-04-19|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5yVVD8JTi?url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1980-hugo-awards|archivedate=7 May 2011|deadurl=yes}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|last1=Clute|first1=John|last2=Nicholls|first2=Peter|title=Nicholls, Peter|url=http://www.sf-encyclopedia.com/archives/nicholls_peter/158418|website=The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction |accessdate=2018-03-07}} 6. ^The What If Man (2004). Ronin Films (roninfilms.com). 7. ^{{cite web|url=https://business.highbeam.com/2382/article-1G1-98921634/alien-star-publisher-and-age-tv-columnist-sophie-cunningham|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180308041707/https://business.highbeam.com/2382/article-1G1-98921634/alien-star-publisher-and-age-tv-columnist-sophie-cunningham|dead-url=yes|archive-date=8 March 2018|title=Alien Star|date=1 March 2003|publisher=Highbeam Business |accessdate=2018-03-07}} External links
12 : 1939 births|2018 deaths|Australian speculative fiction critics|Australian speculative fiction editors|Writers from Melbourne|Harkness Fellows|Encyclopedists|Australian non-fiction writers|Science fiction critics|Australian literary critics|Australian expatriates in the United Kingdom|Australian expatriates in the United States |
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