| 词条 | Petre Roman |
| 释义 |
|name = Petre Roman |image = Petre_Roman_(1994)_by_Erling_Mandelmann.jpg |imagesize = |office = Prime Minister of Romania |president = Ion Iliescu |term_start = 26 December 1989 |term_end = 1 October 1991 Acting until 20 June 1990 |predecessor = Constantin Dăscălescu |successor = Theodor Stolojan |order2 = |office2 = President of the Senate |term_start2 = November 1996 |term_end2 = February 2000 |president2 = Emil Constantinescu |primeminister2 = Victor Ciorbea Gavril Dejeu {{small|(Acting)}} Radu Vasile Alexandru Athanasiu {{small|(Acting)}} |predecessor2 = Oliviu Gherman |successor2 = Mircea Ionescu Quintus |order3 = |office3 = Minister of Foreign Affairs |term_start3 = 22 December 1999 |term_end3 = 28 December 2000 |president3 = Emil Constantinescu |primeminister3 = Mugur Isărescu |predecessor3 = Andrei Pleșu |successor3 = Mircea Geoană |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1946|7|22|df=y}} |birth_place = Bucharest, Romania |death_date = |death_place = |party = National Liberal Party (2008–present) |otherparty = National Salvation Front (1989–1992) Democratic Party (1992–2003) Democratic Force (2003–2008) |spouse = Mioara Georgescu (1974–2007) Silvia Chifiriuc (2009–present) |profession = Engineer |religion = Romanian Orthodox Church }}Petre Roman ({{IPA-ro|ˈpetre ˈroman}}; born 22 July 1946) is a Romanian engineer and politician who was Prime Minister of Romania from 1989 to 1991, when his government was overthrown by the intervention of the miners led by Miron Cozma. He was the first prime minister since 1945 who was not a Communist or fellow traveler. He was also the president of the Senate from 1996 to 1999 and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1999 to 2000. He was leader of the Democratic Force party, which he founded after leaving the Democratic Party in 2003. Currently, he is an MP in the Lower Chamber, elected in 2012. He had been removed from his seat in 2015 after being charged by the National Integrity Agency with incompatibility, but restored to office in 2016 after the Court of Appeals overturned the ruling. He is also a member of the Club of Madrid, a group of more than 80 former democratic statesmen, which works to strengthen democratic governance and leadership.[1] BackgroundPetre Roman was born in Bucharest. His father, Valter Roman, born Ernst or Ernő Neuländer of Transylvanian Hungarian–Jewish descent,[2] was a veteran of the Spanish Civil War, a Comintern activist, and a prominent member of the Romanian Communist Party. His mother Hortensia Vallejo was a Spaniard exiled who would become director of the Spanish session of Radio Romania International.[3] The couple married in Moscow, and he has several siblings. In 1974 Roman married Mioara Georgescu, with whom he has a daughter, Oana. In February 2007, husband and wife confirmed that they were divorcing; the divorce was made final on Good Friday, 6 April 2007. In June 2009, he married a pregnant Silvia Chifiriuc (who is 26 years his junior) in a Romanian Orthodox wedding.[4] Roman first rose to prominence during the Romanian Revolution of 1989, when he was among the crowd occupying the National Television building, and broadcasting messages expressing revolutionary triumph. He became provisional prime minister after the overthrow of the Communist regime, and was confirmed in office in June 1990, three months after the country's first free election in 53 years. During the RevolutionPetre Roman was heavily involved in the revolution as a member of the National Salvation Front as both a revolutionary and as a leading political figure during the revolution. Given that the Revolution was lead by politicians united not by a cohesive ideology, but by resentment for the Ceaușescu regime, in-fighting soon began, especially between its leaders, namely, centre-left liberal, Dumitru Mazilu who wished to instill capitalism and far-left Communist, Ion Iliescu who wanted to keep communism but remove Ceaușescu. As a left-wing socialist, Petre Roman was largely the middle ground between the world-views of his colleagues who wanted to replace communism with socialism. Revolutionary ActivityPetre Roman participated directly in the revolution forming a barricade in the centre of Bucharest from the days of 21 and 22 December. On 22 December 1989 Petre Roman spoke from the balcony of the headquarters of the Central Committee against the Ceaușescu regime, the first public demonstration of its kind. On December 22, he became a member of the Provisional Council of National Salvation Front (CPFSN) established for the coordination of the revolutionary process and the establishment of democracy once the revolution had concluded. On 26 December 1989, Petre Roman was appointed prime minister of Romania, he ruled the provisional government until 28 June 1990. On 20 May 1990 he was elected deputy of Bucharest on the lists of the FSN, the first free elections, and on 20 June he was appointed prime minister once more and voted by the Parliament. Provisional Prime MinisterOn 27 December 1989 Petre Roman was appointed as Prime Minister of the Provisional Government and then, after the elections in May 1990, was designated by president Ion Iliescu and voted by the parliament as Prime Minister of Romania. The election that saw Roman's rise to power was the first parliament freely chosen of the post-communist Romania and the governing program was approved without a single vote against it. Notes1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.clubmadrid.org/en/miembro/petre_roman|title=Petre Roman|publisher=Club de Madrid|accessdate=28 December 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120626181309/http://www.clubmadrid.org/en/miembro/petre_roman|archivedate=26 June 2012|df=dmy-all}} 2. ^https://www.nytimes.com/1989/12/27/world/upheaval-in-the-east-leadership-an-aristocrat-among-the-revolutionaries.html 3. ^P.Roman "Libertatea ca datorie" 4. ^{{ro icon}} "Petre Roman s-a cununat religios cu Silvia Chifiriuc" ("Petre Roman Has Religious Wedding with Silvia Chifiriuc"), Mediafax, 6 June 2009; accessed 6 June 2009 External links
Acting: 1989–1990|years=1989–1991}}{{s-aft|after=Theodor Stolojan}}{{s-end}}{{RomanianPrimeMinisters}}{{RomanianForeignMinisters}}{{First Roman Cabinet}}{{Second Roman Cabinet}}{{Third Roman Cabinet}}{{Isărescu Cabinet}}{{Chairman Senate Romania}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Roman, Petre}} 19 : 1946 births|Living people|People from Bucharest|Romanian people of Hungarian-Jewish descent|Romanian people of Spanish descent|Members of the Romanian Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodox Christians from Romania|National Salvation Front (Romania) politicians|Democratic Party (Romania) politicians|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania) politicians|Prime Ministers of Romania|Romanian Ministers of Foreign Affairs|Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Presidents of the Senate of Romania|Members of the Senate of Romania|Candidates for President of Romania|People of the Romanian Revolution|Romanian socialists|Politehnica University of Bucharest alumni |
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