| 释义 |
- Cadre policies
- See also
- References
{{Multiple issues|{{No footnotes|date=March 2016}}{{Refimprove|date=March 2016}}}}{{Wiktionary| cadre}}In political contexts a cadre ({{IPAc-en|uk|ˈ|k|ɑː|d|ər}} or {{IPAc-en|us|ˈ|k|æ|d|r|eɪ}}) consists of a small group of people. The word may also refer to a single member of such a group. Cadre policies A cadre policy as a political mechanism may take one of two forms: - Cadre deployment: The appointment by a government's governing party of a loyalist to an institution, as a means of circumventing public reporting-lines and bringing that institution under the control of the party, as opposed to the state. It involves the creation of a parallel power-structure to a constitution, so that party members answer first to the party and second to the public. In turn, that party advances its own interests ahead of those of the public.
- Cadre employment: Economic patronage dispensed to individuals, companies and agencies, by the government, not on merit but on the basis that they enjoy some political connection to the governing party.
Under cadre policies, every level of government often{{quantify|date=August 2016}} acts to reward loyalists with tenders and with government contracts.{{citation needed|date=August 2016}} The African National Congress government in South Africa commonly{{quantify|date=August 2016}} practises{{when|date=August 2016}} this form of tenderpreneurship.{{citation needed|date=August 2016}} Together with Black Economic Empowerment policies, cadre policy is used{{by whom|date=August 2016}} to address the injustices of the former apartheid system in South Africa.{{citation needed|date=August 2016}} See alsoReferences- {{cite web|url=http://inside-politics.org/2012/08/30/south-african-political-dictionary-cadre-employment-and-cadre-deployment/ |title=South African Political Dictionary: Cadre employment and cadre deployment |website=Inside-politics.org |date=2012-08-30 |accessdate=2016-03-09}}
- {{cite web|url=http://mg.co.za/article/2013-05-25-the-beginning-of-the-decade-of-the-anc-cadre |title=The beginning of the decade of the ANC cadre | News | National | M&G |website=Mg.co.za |date=2013-05-25 |accessdate=2016-03-09}}
- {{cite web |url=http://www.anc.org.za/show.php?id=134 |title=Second National Consultative Conference: Report of the commission on cadre policy, political and ideological work |website=Anc.org.za |date= |accessdate=2016-03-09 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304055527/http://www.anc.org.za/show.php?id=134 |archivedate=2016-03-04 |df= }}
{{Poli-term-stub}} 2 : Group processes|Political terminology |