| 词条 | Callie House |
| 释义 |
BiographyHouse was born a slave in Rutherford County, near Nashville, Tennessee. At twenty-two, she married William House. They had six children, five of which survived. After William died, House supported her family by being a washerwoman.[2] National Ex-Slave Mutual Relief, Bounty, and Pension AssociationHouse and Isaiah H. Dickerson traveled ex-slave states to gather support for the National Ex-Slave Mutual Relief, Bounty and Pension Association (MRB&PA). They visited black churches—one of the few places blacks could organize without white interference.[2] MRB&PA was chartered August 7, 1897 with the goal of providing compensation to ex-slaves, mutual aid, and burial costs. At its peak, it claimed membership in the hundreds of thousands. Despite lack of evidence, the federal Post Office Department accused slavery reparation organizations like MRB&PA of frauding their members. In 1899, the MRB&PA was forbidden to send mail or cash money orders. The Department of Justice opened an investigation of the MRB&PA. In 1901, Dickerson was found guilty of "swindling" but the conviction was later overturned. Upon Dickerson's death in 1909, House became the leader of the MRB&PA.[3] Despite interference with mails, the MRB&PA struggled on under House's leadership.[2] LegacyIn 2015 Vanderbilt University's African American and Diaspora Studies Program renamed its research arm the Callie House Research Center for the Study of Black Cultures and Politics.[4] Further reading
References1. ^{{cite web|last1=Statom|first1=Virgil|title=Callie House 1861-1928|url=http://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entry.php?rec=1575|website=Tennessee History Encyclopedia of History and Culture|publisher=Tennessee Historical Society & University of Tennessee Press|accessdate=7 February 2015}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:House, Callie}}2. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Berry|first1=Mary Frances|title=My Face Is Black Is True|date=2005|publisher=Alfred A. Knopf|location=New York|isbn=1-4000-4003-5}} 3. ^{{cite web|last1=Perry|first1=Miranda|title=No Pensions for Ex-Slaves: How Federal Agencies Suppressed Movement To Aid Freedpeople|url=https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2010/summer/slave-pension.html|website=archives.gov|publisher=National Archives|accessdate=10 February 2015}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://goodblacknews.org/2015/04/02/vanderbilt-university-renames-black-studies-research-center-after-former-slave-and-early-reparations-activist-callie-house/ |title=Vanderbilt University Renames Black Studies Research Center After Former Slave and Early Reparations Activist Callie House |publisher=Good Black News |date=2015-03-27 |accessdate=2015-04-02}} 6 : 1861 births|1928 deaths|People from Rutherford County, Tennessee|People from Nashville, Tennessee|19th-century African-American activists|African-American history of Tennessee |
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