| 词条 | Calmann-Lévy |
| 释义 |
| name = Calmann-Lévy | image = | parent = Hachette | status = | founded = 1836 | founder = Michel Lévy and Kalmus "Calmann" Lévy | successor = | country = France | headquarters = Paris | distribution = | keypeople = | publications = Books | topics = | genre = | imprints = | revenue = | numemployees = | nasdaq = | url = {{URL|http://calmann-levy.fr}} }}Calmann-Lévy is a French publishing house founded in 1836 by Michel Lévy (1821–1875) and his brother Kalmus "Calmann" Lévy (1819–1891), as Michel Lévy frères. It was renamed Calmann Lévy after the death of Michel in 1875.[1] By 1875, the company was among the foremost publishing houses of Europe. It was the publisher of most of the important French authors of the second half of the 19th century, including Balzac, Baudelaire, René Bazin, Gabriele D'Annunzio, Dumas, Flaubert, Victor Hugo,[2] Lamartine, Ernest Renan, George Sand, Stendhal. In 1893, Calmann was succeeded by his sons Georges, Paul and Gaston, who went on to publish authors including Anatole France, Pierre Loti and Proust. During Nazi occupation, Gaston Lévy was interned, and the publishing company, run by the Germans, was renamed Éditions Balzac in 1943. After the liberation, the company was headed by Léon Pioton. Authors edited in the postwar period include: Arthur Koestler, Elia Kazan, Anne Frank, and later Donna Leon, Nicolas Hulot, Patricia Cornwell, Guillaume Musso, among others. Since 1993, Calmann-Lévy has been owned by Hachette (which is in turn owned by Lagardère Group). References1. ^« La fulgurante saga familiale des frères Lévy, inventeurs de l’édition moderne », Noémie Grynberg, Israel Magazine, 2010. 2. ^Juliette Drouet - Édition des Lettres de Juliette Drouet à Victor Hugo {{ISSN|2271-8923}} Accessed 14 February 2016 External links
3 : Companies established in 1836|1836 establishments in France|Publishing companies of France |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。